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1、 ContentsChinese Abstract2English Abstract31. Introduction41.1 Celeste Ng and Everything I Never Told You41.2 Literature Review51.3 Post-colonial Theory82. Analysis of Lydias Death from Immigration Status102.1 Chinese Immigrants-Henry and James102.2 Asian Immigrant-Louisa103. Analysis of Lydias Deat
2、h from the “Silent”143.1 The “Silent” Among the Immigrants-Wendy143.2 The “Silent” Among the Mainstream Society-Marilyn173.3 The “Silent” Among the Mixed-race family- Lydia174. Conclusion18References20从后殖民主义的角度探析莉迪亚之死摘 要无声告白（2014）是美国当代著名作家伍绮诗的处女作。该小说于2014年获得美国亚马逊年度最佳图书第1名。小说以莉迪亚一家为切入点，展示了二十世纪最后四十多年华
3、裔在美国的窘境。小说以莉迪亚之死为起点，依靠人物之间的牵绊，逐步揭开这个华裔家庭之中所发生的一切，引出莉迪亚之死的真相。本文以后殖民主义理论为主要框架，剖析莉迪亚悲剧的深层原因。本文主要从华裔的身份与无声者两个角度来分析书中主要角色与莉迪亚之死的联系，进一步说明莉迪亚之死这一悲剧是亚裔族群没有自己的话语权而造成的。本文揭示了蕴含其中的当时美国华裔群体的窘境和没有话语权的女性的悲剧。关键词：后殖民主义；莉迪亚；华裔On the Death of Lydia from the Perspective of Post-colonialism AbstractEverything I Never To
4、ld You (2014) is the debut of Celeste Ng, a famous contemporary American writer. It was awarded the best of 2014 by American website Amazon. It shows the plight of Chinese- Americans in the United State during the last forty years of the twentieth century. Taking Lydias death as a starting point and
5、 depending on the ties between the characters, the novel gradually uncovers what happens in this Chinese-American family. Finally, it points out the truth of Lydias death.This thesis uses post-colonialism theory as the main framework to analyze the underlying causes of Lydias tragedy. Furthermore, i
6、t also analyzes the relationship between the other main characters and Lydias death from the two perspectives of Chinese-Americans identity and the “Silent”. Then it further illustrates that the tragedy of Lydias death is due to the course that Chinese-Americans dont have their own right to speak. T
7、he paper reveals the predicament of the Chinese-Americans and the tragedy of women who have no right to speak.Key words: post-colonialism; Lydia; Chinese-Americans1. Introduction 1.1 Celeste Ng and Everything I Never Told YouAs a famous Asian American novelist, Celeste Ng (1980-) is a writer who pre
8、fers to write about the issues of the stereotypes of Asian Americans in the United States. Born in Pittsburgh, the United State, she is a descendant of Chinese American but has inherited American culture. Celeste Ngs parents were from Hong Kong immigrants. She grew up in the United States and receiv
9、ed an American education. But the United States was not so friendly as Asians dreamed to be. Even if her father worked for NASA and her mother taught at Ohio State University, their home was still excluded. At the age of 11, she was impressed by a drunkard yelling at her “Go back to your China, Sout
10、h Korea or other countries”, which was one of the reasons she wanted to tell the story of Asian interracial marriage. In addition, Celeste Ng wrote that writing was one of her longest-standing interests. When she was ten, she published her first short story in a childrens magazine. In high school, s
11、he was the editor-in-chief of the school literature. After college, she continued to study for a masters degree in writing at University of Michigan. Her first novel, Everything I Never Told You (2014), was a huge success as soon as it appeared. It was a New York Times bestseller, a New York Times N
12、otable Book of 2014, Amazons #1 Best Book of 2014, and was named a best book of the year by over a dozen publications. Everything I Never Told You was also the winner of the Massachusetts Book Award, the Asian/Pacific American Award for Literature, the ALAs Alex Award, and the Medici Book Club Prize
13、, and was a finalist for numerous awards, including the Ohioana Award and the VCU Cabell First Novelist Award. Till now it has been translated into over twenty languages. Celeste Ng is not the first person to describe Asian stories. Early Asian American writers Amy Tan and Maxine Hong Kingston alrea
14、dy covered this in their works, but their works mainly emphasize the conflicts between the immigrants themselves, such as Chinese descent and the American external environment in which they live. And Celeste Ng puts the ethnic and cultural conflicts in a family which Chinese-Americans are faced in t
15、he United States. In the novel, she tells about the special cultural conflicts, uncovers the inequality of the society at that time, takes into account the neglected Asian inter-ethnic marriage, and shows the situation of an outsider in Chinese culture. At the same time, Celeste Ng shows her profici
16、ent writing skills in Everything I Never Told You, including suspense settings, non-linear narrative structure, light and dark story lines, etc. With a unique insight, this novel also fully reveals the fragile human nature of a mixed-race family and multiple topics such as races, genders, family, gr
17、owths, etc. For the prototype of Everything I Never Told You, Celeste Ng has bluntly stated that it is based on a real case of a friend and embellishes with her own experience. The novel mainly tells the story of a Chinese-American mixed-race family from 1950s to 1970s. The opening part directly poi
18、nts out that “Lydia is dead. But they dont know this yet.” (Celeste Ng, 2014: 1). They still look for Lydia, then through the back-and-forth shuttle between reality and past, this novel gradually reveals the secret feelings of each member of this Asian interracial marriage family. The novel can be r
19、oughly divided into two clues. One is how her family thinks and feels after Lydia has disappeared. Another is the memories dating back to the previous generations after Lydias death. The arrangement not only attracts the readers attention, but also gives them a hint of the fate of the “Silent”. Alth
20、ough the novel is an open-ending, it can be seen vaguely that this family has gradually repaired these problems after passing through this.1.2 Literature Review1.2.1 Domestic StudiesCeleste Ng has gained her popularity and reputation for her novels. But there are only some research academic papers o
21、n her and her works. Many domestic researchers intend to study Chinese American literature related to early Chinese American writers works, such as Amy Tan (The Joy Luck Club 1987), Maxine Hong Kingston (The Woman Warrior 1976). In terms of Everything I Never Told You, it has gained less response fr
22、om critics abroad comparing with those works.With the development and in-depth study at Chinese American literature in China, the domestic research on Celeste Ngs works and her literary proposition have gradually increased and have attracted a number of researchers and scholars who have made outstan
23、ding contributions in this field. At present, the researchers are mainly the scholars or postgraduates of English departments and Chinese departments in universities. Until April 10, 2020, by applying the document retrieval in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, inputting Celeste Ng as a keywor
24、d, there are relevant 42 literatures, including 27 periodicals and 15 doctoral/master dissertations. In putting Everything I Never Told You as full-text to search, there are 93 literatures, including 70 periodicals and 23 doctoral /master dissertations, among which 11 doctoral dissertations have som
25、e chapters to discuss it, and 5 master dissertations are dedicated completely to discuss it.The studies and research about Everything I Never Told You abroad and domestic can be divided into the following aspects. A. Perspective of family educationWu Dongli of Nanjing University uses the theory of f
26、amily systems to analyze. Wu believes that Lydias death has torn apart the mild appearance of model minority ethnic families and breaks the fragile balance between members, thus reveals the model minority ethnicities identity crisis and existence anxiety in white mainstream society (吴冬丽, 2018). Lu N
27、ingyu and Zhang Lu did research from the perspective of family education. They believe that the biggest reason for Lydias death is that her parents fall into the misunderstanding of love because of different cultures and identities, and subjectively interfered with Lydias life (路宁钰，张璐, 2019). B. Per
28、spective of narrative characteristicsNiu Yue believes that her mothers departure and Naths “accidental” causes structural trauma to Lydia, which is the reason why she finally drowned herself (牛越, 2018). Huang Huihui starts with traumatic narrative and points out that Everything I Never Told You is a
29、 traumatic cognitive novel and time philosophy novel about time, personality, and self. Although following the traumatic narrative tradition of Chinese American literature families, it is different from it. (黄辉辉, 2019).C. Perspective of mainstream culture Gu Jingyu mainly explores from the perspecti
30、ve of the “other”. She believes that apart from her mothers family, Marilyn is not in this remote area. Other people in this family are more or less affected by Orientalism, especially James and Nath (顾晶钰, 2017). Zhong Wenting mainly researches from the marginalized people, Marilyn, James, and Nath,
31、 and believes that the marginalized Marilyn is the main reason for Lidias lack of self (钟文婷, 2017). Yan Yin mainly analyzes the situation of the “other” in the cultural gap of silent confession mainly from the “hybrid” of Homi Baba (Yan Yin, 2016). 1.2.2 Foreign StudiesSince its publication, Everyth
32、ing I Never Told You has attracted wide public attention and has been widely reported by many famous newspapers and magazines in a short period of time.Claire Simon commented in The Boston Globe that “Wonderfully moving! Emotionally precise! A beautifully crafted study of dysfunction and grief! This
33、 book will resonate with anyone who has ever had a family drama” (Net 1). Three exclamation marks in a row are enough to show that he values this work. In addition, he believes that the authors delicate writings use the death of Lydia as a clue to fully express the status and status of different cha
34、racters due to racial discrimination and their anxiety performance.RTS award-winning journalist Clare Fallon gave it a high rating in The Huffington Post, “A powerhouse of a debut novel, a literary mystery crafted out of shimmering prose and precise, painful observation about racial barriers, the bu
35、rden of familial expectations, and the basic human thirst for belonging” (Net 2). He believes that Celeste Ng not only shows the diversity of themes in Everything I Never Told You, but also shows race, feminism, family and other issues.Korean writer Alexander Chee believes that Celeste Ng mainly unc
36、overs the pressure of “heterogeneous” surroundings and focuses on a small, unknown family, and gradually expands the hidden contradictions of this family. And he commented in The New York Times: “If we know this story, we havent seen it yet in American fiction, not until now What emerges is a deep,
37、heartfelt portrait of a family struggling with its place in history, and a young woman hoping to be the fulfillment of that struggle. This is, in the end, a novel about the burden of being the first of your kinda burden you do not always survive” (Net 3).O, The Oprah Magazine, a womens magazine, mai
38、nly considers this to be the writing technique is wonderful and the content is wonderful. Not only is the content excellent, but its connotation is also very broad. It covers a variety of topics such as gender and race, but the content is serious and interesting. It commented that “Cleverly crafted,
39、 emotionally perceptive Ng sensitively dramatizes issues of gender and race that lie at the heart of the story Ngs themes of assimilation are themselves deftly interlaced into a taut tale of ever deepening and quickening suspense” (Net 4).At present, the above foreign materials mainly come from medi
40、a reports. In these praises, these reports focus on three themes revealed by the novel: racism, feminism, and family issues. This paper attempts to further analyze the cause of Lydias death from the perspective of post-colonialism.About Everything I Never Told You, it is not difficult to find that t
41、here is less research on the post-colonialism direction. They conduct research on race and family education. It is necessary to explore the causes and effects of Lydias death in Celestes works. From the general point of view of the research, the post-colonial perspective is indeed new to exploring t
42、he content of the novel. This paper attempts to analyze the novel from this perspective in order to help readers fully understand the tragedy of Lydias death in Celestes works and the situation of the Chinese Americans.1.3 Post-colonial TheoryPost-colonial theory is the main tide of Western culture
43、after postmodernism. Post-colonialism emerges in the western academic circles in the middle of the twentieth century. It is a kind of academic thought with strong political and cultural criticism and mainly focuses on the sovereign state and discourse of relations between the former colonies. Post-c
44、olonialism, as a discourse, always changes with the different political, economic, and cultural requirements imposed by different national, ethnic, linguistic, and religious groups (翟金, 2013). Although the concept and connotation of defining post-colonial theory has been controversial in western aca
45、demic circles, no matter what the definition is, there is still some consensus on some general characteristics of post-colonialism. Its characteristic not a rigid theory, which has often changed since its birth to adapt to different historical moments, geographical areas, cultural identities, politi
46、cal situations, affiliations and reading practices.1.3.1 OriginPost-colonialism is based on the deconstruction of structuralism and the “decentralized” thinking model and advocates that all nations in the world equally enjoy good material and cultural rights. After the development of Said, Spivak an
47、d Homi Baba, they have formed a unique discourse system. The main theoretical origins of its rise are African anti-colonial Chinese theories in the 1920s; Marxist nation-state theory, especially the two articles British Rule in India (1853) and The Future Results of British Rule in India (1853) Gram
48、scis thought of cultural hegemony; Foucaults theory of power discourse. In short, post-colonialism is committed to changing the way people think and behave in order to create a more just and fair relationship between different races.From the early 20th century to the 1970s, Franz Fanons Black Skin,
49、White Mask (1952) can be said to be the beginning of post-colonialism, at which time post-colonialism had not yet taken shape, or at that time there was no the word “post-colonialism”. From the 1970s to the 1990s, post-colonialism as a literary term really appeared between literary schools, while Saids Orientalism (1978) and Spiva