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1、英语写作教程怎样展开段落WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第1页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二段落展开的方法v段落展开的方法很多，最常用的方法有举例子、比较法、分类法、因果法、定义法等。不管采用何种方法，其内容必须于主题句或核心有关，否则就删除。WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第2页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二v举例法举例法：确定主题以后，以举例的方法展开段落是最简洁方便的方法，一般段落的主题比较抽象、概括，用举例法的方法对主题句进行解释说明十分必要。v举例常用的衔接词包括：for example,for instance,in illustration of,by w
2、ay of examples,such as,be a case in point,take an example,I cant find a better example thanWWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第3页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二vOur quality that makes the difference between a man of excellence and a man of average performance is how odd moments are handled.The men who have achieved great succes
3、s are,with no exception,the men who have utilized their odd moments wisely.Thomas Edison worked out many inventions between messages when he was a telegraph operator on a small salary.Harriet Beecher Stowe,a mother of six children,wrote parts of Uncle Toms Cabin on sheets of butchers paper while she
4、 was cooking the roast.They all managed,in a hundred different ways,to put the normally wasted hours to an infinitely richer and more rewarding use.WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第4页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二vIts possble to build up confidence in oneself by having the right attitude towards ones own ability.The story o
5、f Partyka emerges as a vivid example to prove this point.She is a famous table tennis player.Unfortunately she was born without a right forarm.Her regular games with normal players didnt give her much time to feel sorry for herself.Thus she gain confidence gradually.（by students）WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第
6、5页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二试用举例法展开下列主题vNowadays,computer has found its wide application in many areas.v It is not only used in calculation,but also in an engineering project,designing,language learning,etc.In todays society,computers can be seen working for us almost everywhere,in shops,banks,post offices,
7、hospitals and so on.Computers have been entered most families.Children can learn various subjects on computer,and parents can enjoy some entertainment from the computer too.WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第6页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二根据下面短文的举例，总结其主题v_.Not only have knowledge and facilities improved but medical services
8、are also available to more people than ever before.Many countries,for example,have national health system which provide free treatment for the whole population.In addition to this,people have become more aware of the importance of staying healthy.As a result,they take greater care of themselves and
9、thus avoided many fatal illness and diseases.Health condition have improved a lot WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第7页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二比较、对比法v用比较法展开段落时，主要是将两个两个或者两个以上的人物、事物、地点、思想、观点的共同点进行比较。对比又称对照，主要指出他们的不同点。主要的衔接词有：vEqually,likewise,also,both,as well as,in the same way,similarly,in a similar manner,in a like ma
10、nner，yet,however,after all,in constrast,on the contrary,although this may be true,in constrast to,on the other hand,at the same time,in spite of.WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第8页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二vCanada and United States have some similarities.They are both large countries and were once British colonies.They
11、are each industrilized,with a wide ragne of heavy and light manufacturing plants.WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第9页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二vAlfred Nobel,the Swedish inventor and industrialist,was man of many contrasts.He was a son of a bankrupt,but became a millionaire;a scientist with love of literature;an industria
12、list who managed to remain an idealist.He,ade a fortune but lived a simple life,and although cheerful in company he was often sad in private.A lover of mankind,he never had a wife or a family to love him;a patriotic son of his native land,he died alone on foreign soil.World famous for his works,he w
13、as never personally well known,for he thoughout his life avoided publicity,but since his death his name has brought fame and glory to others.WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第10页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二v_.Dogs are messy and do not clean themselves.They eat too much food,and require too much care.Besides,dogs,jump on pe
14、ople,and knock over furniture.Cats on the other hand,are clean and tidy.They eat sparingly,and take care of themselves.Cats are usually well-mannered pets.Cats make better pets than dogsWWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第11页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二试用对比法展开下列主题vReading is a better way of recreation than watching TV.v(lear
15、n to write,think more,imagine,intelligently,more active,easier,quik,comfortable,lazy,passive,illiterate.)WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第12页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二定义法v定义法就是通过阐明某事物的性质和特征来展开段落。vConfidence is a feeling，an inner fire and an outer radiance,a basic satisfaction，with what one is plus a reaching out to beco
16、me more.WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第13页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二分类法v就是把要阐述的内容按其属性的不同分门别类、分层次地表达清楚。使用这种方法可使文章层次分明，表达清楚，逻辑性强。WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第14页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二vAs far as political views are concerned,people fall into three categories.First is the conservative peole.Conservatives are opposed to sudden or great
17、 changes.As long as they are comfortable,they want to keep things as what they are.Second is the liberal people.Theses people are in favor of progress and reform.But their opinions often seem too idealistic.The third type is the moderate people.The moderates keep everything within a reasonable limit
18、s.They are more practical in this hard world.WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第15页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二因果法vWhy one word can bring such pleasure?A friend of mine who travels widely always tries to learn a little of the language of any place she visits.Shes not much of a liguists,but she knows how to say the world“bea
19、utiful”in several languages.She can use it to a mother holding her baby,or to a lonely salesman fishing out pictures of his family.This ability has earned her friends all over the world.WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第16页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二v_ The people I work with are friendly and helpful.The job enables me to
20、travel quite a lot both in this country and occasionally abroad.Although it is not terribly well paid,its not too stressful and holidays are good.This means that I have both the free time and the energy to enjoy lots of interesting hobbies.I like my jobWWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第17页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二分类法、因果
21、法vWhy do people often feel frustrated even though they are capable of doing something?v There are two reasons for lack of confidence,but in general,they come down to two major ones.The first reason is that some people tend to doubt themselves.Without a correct estimate of their own abilities,they co
22、uldnt have a sufficient faith in dealing with frustrations.The other reason is that some people overestimate their difficulties.WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第18页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二YouthvYouth is not a time of life;it is a state of mind;it is not a matter of rosy cheeks,red lips and supple knees;it is a matter
23、of the will,a quality of the imagination,a vigor of the emotions;it is the freshness of the deep springs of life.Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity,of the appetite for adventure over the love of ease.this often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20.Nobody grows o
24、ld merely by a number of years.We grow old by deserting our ideals.WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第19页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二vYears may wrinkle the skin,but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.Worry fear,self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust.whether 60 or 16,there is in every human being
25、s heart the lure of wonders,the unfailing childlike appetite of whats next and the joy of the game of living.In the center of your heart and my heart there is a wireless station:so long as it receives messages of beauty,hope,cheer,courage and power from men and from the infinite,so long are you youn
26、g.WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第20页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二vwhen the aerials are down,and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism and the ice of pessimism,then you are grown old,even at 20,but as long as your aerials are up,to catch waves of optimism,there is hope you may die young at 80.WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM第21页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期二