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1、关于简单句的五种基本句型PPT现在学习的是第1页，共27页简单句的五种基本句型这五个基本句型可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，复杂的英语这五个基本句型可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，复杂的英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下：句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下：1.S十十Vi 主语主语 不及物动词不及物动词 （主谓结构）主谓结构）2.S十十Vt十十O 主语主语 及物动词及物动词 宾语宾语 （主谓宾结构）主谓宾结构）3.S十系十系V十十P 主语主语 连系动词连系动词 表语表语 （主系表结构）主系表结构）4.S十十Vt十十O十十DO 主语主语+及物动词及
2、物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语 （主谓双宾结构）主谓双宾结构）5.S十十Vt十十O十十C 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语 （主谓宾补结构）主谓宾补结构）现在学习的是第2页，共27页简单句共有五种基本句型一、S十V i主语+不及动词(主谓结构)本结构是由主语加不及物动词构成，常用来表示主语的动作。（1）一般表达型。此类不及物动词常与表示时间、距离、重量、价值等的副词修饰语连用。如：We study all year around.They run four laps.（2）主动形式表示被动含义型。此类动词常见的有：open,close,read,sell,
3、wash,write,clean等。如：The door opens easily.This English book reads easily.My pen writes well.现在学习的是第3页，共27页（3）这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词：snorkel,yell,differ,slip,appear,arrive,come,die,disappear,fall,happen,rise,ache,laugh,smile,rain,snow,blow等如：They snorlkeled.The train arrived.What happened?We both smiled.现在
4、学习的是第4页，共27页简单句都有多种时态，如：It rains.（一般现在时）It is raining.（现在进行时）It rained.（一般过去时）It will rain.（一般将来时）It was raining.（过去进行时）It has rained.（现在完成时）He said it would rain.（过去将来时）He said it had rained.（过去完成时）以上句子中的is,will,was,has,would,had都是助动词（帮助句子变为疑问、否定、时态和语态）请写出下面句子的其他7种时态的表达。What happens?My dream comes
5、true.We study.现在学习的是第5页，共27页二、主语二、主语+及物动词及物动词+直接宾语直接宾语 S十十V十十O（主谓宾结构）（主谓宾结构）此结构是由此结构是由主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语构成。其中的谓语动词须是及物动词构成。其中的谓语动词须是及物动词(短语短语),宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分。宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分。（1）主语）主语+及物动词名词或代词及物动词名词或代词(作宾语作宾语)如：如：He sharpened his pencil.The farmer is excavating soil in the field.They have betrayed you.
6、The baby has been imitating his grandma.现在学习的是第6页，共27页（2）主语+及物动词动名词(作宾语)。此类及物动词(短语)有口诀：考虑建议盼原谅，consider,suggest/advise,look forward to,excuse,pardon 承认推迟没得想。admit,delay/put off,fancy 避免错过继续练，avoid,miss,keep/keep on,practise 否认完成就欣赏。deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate 禁止想象才冒险，forbid,imagine,risk 不禁介意准逃亡。can
7、t help,mind,allow/permit,escape如：I suggested going swimming.You cant risk losing your girlfriend.I consider giving up smoking.We practise playing football.You should avoid coming across the teacher.现在学习的是第7页，共27页下列短语后也要用动名词be used/accostomed to,lead to,devote to,go back to,stick to,object to,get dow
8、n to,pay attention to,cant stand,give up,feel like,insist on,be busy(in),have difficulty(in),have a good/wonderful/hard time(in),spend time(in)He is accustomed to taking a bath in the morning.She had difficulty communicating with others in the past.现在学习的是第8页，共27页（3）主语+及物动词不定式(作宾语)。此类及物动词有口诀 决心学会想希望，
9、decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish 拒绝设法愿假装。refuse,manage,care,pretend 主动答应选计划，offer,promise,choose,plan,同意请求帮一把。agree,ask/beg,help.如：I decide to start a company.He managed to get that job.He promised to do me a favour.She planned to quit his job.现在学习的是第9页，共27页（4）既可接动名词又可接不定式的及物动词，但意义上有区别，要
10、特别注意。如：remember to do sth.记住要做某事 remember doing sth.记得曾做过某事；stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth.停止做某事；mean to do sth.打算做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事 regret to do sth.遗憾去做某事 regret doing sth.后悔做了某事；go on to do sth.做完一件事接着做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做同一件事；try to do sth.试图做某事 try doing sth.尝试着做某事等。现在学习的是第1
11、0页，共27页三、主语+连系动词+表语 S十V十P主系表结构：主要用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。此句型中常见的系动词：be,come,get,smell,feel,remain,stay,appear,go,turn,fall,keep,get(变得),become(成为),turn(变得),look(看起来),feel(感到),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来),seem(似乎)（1）主语+系动词+形容词(作表语)如：My dream has come ture.She remains slim.现在学习的是第11页，共27页（2）主语+系动词+名词(
12、作表语)He became a soldier.She is a witch.（3）主语+系动词+副词、介词短语或反身代词(作表语)如：I am here.The book is of great use.She is not herself today.现在学习的是第12页，共27页四、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 S十V十间接宾语（人）十直接宾语（物）结构 间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,pay,read,sell,send,show,teach,tell wish,write等。He offered me an a
13、pple.He offered an apple to me.My mom reads me English.My mom reads English to me.现在学习的是第13页，共27页间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：buy,choose,make,order,paint,play(演奏)，sing,等。1）Father bought him a cake.Father bought a cake for him.2)The singer sang us two songs.The singer sang two songs for us.现在学习的是第14页，共27页五、主语+
14、及物动词+宾语+宾语补语 (复合结构)S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 He told me to study hard.His words made his father happy.We find him a good boy.此结构中宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不完整。可以用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词。此句型中常见的接宾语补足语的及物动词：现在学习的是第15页，共27页（1）接名词作宾补的动词：find,think,elect,name,call,appoint,consider,make,leave等。如：They elec
15、ted Tom monitor.The couple named their son Jim.（2）接形容词作宾补的动词：keep,get,make,leave,find,paint,set,turn,drive,call,cut,consider等。如：You cant leave yuor son alone.What drove Jack so crazy?Please sharpen the stick short.请把这根棍子砍短。现在学习的是第16页，共27页（3）接分词、省略to的动词不定式等作宾补的及物动词：feel,listen to,let,have,make,see,no
16、tice,hear,watch,observe等。Lets go home.I noticed someone come in.（4）接副词、介词短语等作宾补的动词有leave,put等。如：Dont leave the dog out in the cold weather.The police put the thief in prison.现在学习的是第17页，共27页5）有些动词后常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，这是英语中常用的句型,即主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正的宾语。常见动词有think,find,consider等。如：I think it necessa
17、ry to finish task today.He considered it worthwhile to spend some time helping others.此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。现在学习的是第18页，共27页上述各例都简化到了最低限度，在此基础上，我们可以加上一些修饰成分使句子变得更复杂，表达更丰富的内容。如：1)Lala quickly turned for home.Worried about the preparations,Lala quickly turned for hom
18、e with her collection.Worried about the preparations for her feast,Lala quickly turned for home with her collection.Worried about the preparations for her feast,Lala quickly turned for home with her collection of nuts,melons and other fruit.现在学习的是第19页，共27页2）Leonardo gained knowledge.By studying and
19、drawing them,Leonardo gained knowledge.By studying and drawing them,Leonardo gained knowledge about their design and structure.3）A shopkeeper could attract customers.In ancient Egypt,a shopkeeper could attract customers.In ancient Egypt,a shopkeeper could attract customers to his shop.In ancient Egy
20、pt,a shopkeeper could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment.现在学习的是第20页，共27页判断下列句子属于哪种基本句型：1.He arrived 2.She enjoys watermelons.3.She looks upset4.Mother told me to watch out for that dog.5.She made a cake for me.6.She gave John an earphone 7.He dives.8.He makes h
21、is father fullfilling 9.They were hiking.121514543现在学习的是第21页，共27页10.The thief fled.11.They slipped for a whole afternoon.12.The soap tastes hot.13.The music sounds beautiful.14.The crops are growing taller and stronger.15.Her face turned pale.16.Who braked the motorbike?17.He doesnt enjoy reading.18
22、.I want to come up to your flat.19.Mother bought me a dictionary.3113332224现在学习的是第22页，共27页20.She has bought herself a new dress.21.She cooked her son a delicious meal.22.He showed me his new car.23.He taught me how to run the machine.24.What makes him think so?25.The kids are swinging happily.26.He
23、turned famous doctor.4315444现在学习的是第23页，共27页Fill in the blanks.1)We should _ _ any time.我们在任何时候都应该保持安静。2)这种食物尝起来很糟糕。_.3)Spring comes.It is _.春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。4)Dont have the food._.不要吃那种食物，它已经变质了。keepcalmThe food tastes very terriblebecoming warmer and warmerIt has gone bad现在学习的是第24页，共27页考点突破训练1.I am s
24、orry to have kept you_(wait).2.I felt somebody (touch)me.3.He taught me how (speak)English.4.I shall make your dream _(come)ture.waitingtouch/touchingto speakcome现在学习的是第25页，共27页5.He told us not (go)home.6.I think _ a good habit to get up early.7.Roses in bloom smell _(sweetness).8.The weather (be)wet and cold.to goitsweetis/was现在学习的是第26页，共27页9.He got up _(lately)yesterday morning.10._(us)were all very tired,but none of _ would stop to take a rest.11.I think _necessary（必要的）to learn English well.12.The dog mad.lateWeusitis/was/looks/looked现在学习的是第27页，共27页