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1、初中完形填空解题技巧课件第1页，本讲稿共34页一、完形填空的特点是什么？完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设空。学生通过推理判断，综合分析等将答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。第2页，本讲稿共34页（一）从文章结构看1.首句通常不设空，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。2.短文设空平均密度为25个单词一个空。中考完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命题模式，转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的
2、干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。二.完形填空的规律是什么？第3页，本讲稿共34页二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？（二）从语言层次看考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次1.句子层次的设空例：(2007年中考英语试卷完形填空四选一保留原题号)I90youwereverybusythenhelpingyourfriendgetreadyforherweddingIamsureitwasasuccess.A.remember B.explainC.hopeD.expect答案：A指那些只需读懂
3、设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。第4页，本讲稿共34页二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？2.句群层次的设空前制性设空后制性设空指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目/下文某处有提示。第5页，本讲稿共34页二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？前制性设空例：ItwasanEnglishspeechcontest.Mymotheraskedmetotakepartinit.Whataterribleidea!ItmeantIhadto_infrontofalltheteachersandstudentsofmyscho
4、ol!A.writeB.speakC.singD.dance后制性设空例：1).Nobody_himinthevillage.Onedayhesaidtothem,“Iknowyoudontlikeme”A.believedB.likedC.hatedD.knew2).Countrymusiccomesfrom_kindsofmusic.OneisthetraditionalmusicoftallmountainpeopleintheeasternUnitedStates.TheotheristraditionalcowboymusicfromtheAmericanWest.A.manyB.a
5、llC.twoD.threeBBC第6页，本讲稿共34页二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？3.语篇性设空IworkasavolunteerforanorganizationthathelpsthepoorinHaiti.RecentlyItookmysonBarrettthereforaweek,hoping to1himachievedallIdexpected.Soonhewillcelebratehis18thbirthday.Hewillbeaman.(最后一句话)1.A.comfortB.pleaseC.attractD.educateD指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设
6、空。第7页，本讲稿共34页1.MrBlackisadoctor,heworksinthe_.hospitalnightno/littlepassbutChallengeYourself2.Anursenotonlyworksintheday,butalsoworksduringthe_.3.Heisratherbusy,sohehas_timetohavelunchathome.4.WehaveanEnglishtestthisterm,itsveryeasy,moststudentscan_thistest.5.Thewholeclasswenttothezooyesterday,theyw
7、ereverytired_happy.第8页，本讲稿共34页Skill 1：context（上下文、语境）（上下文、语境）InNewYork,onaFridaynight,ayoungartiststoodatthegateofatrainstation.Hewasplayinghis_16_.Hismusicwassogreatthatmanypeopleputmoneyintohishat.Thenextday,theyoungartistcametothesameplace,andplayedtheviolinasusual.16.A.pianoB.guitarC.violinD.sax
8、【2009连云港】violinviolin第9页，本讲稿共34页Skill 1：context（上下文、语境）（上下文、语境）Onceakingwaswalkingaroundapoolwithhisministers（大臣）.Suddenly,hecameupwithanidea.Heasked,“Howmanybasketsof41arethereinthepool?”.asbigasthepool,thereisonebasketofwater41.A.fishB.flowersC.waterD.apples【2009黔东南】basketofwaterwaterbasketsof第10页
9、，本讲稿共34页Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（发现）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle_44_thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.44.A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later【2009重庆】fiftySkill 2：logic（逻辑推理）（逻辑推理）forty-five第11页，本讲稿共34页Sk
10、ill 2：logic（逻辑推理）（逻辑推理）Mymotheroftenaskedme，“Whatisthemostimportantpartofthebody?”Ithoughtsoundwasveryimportanttousashumans，soIsaid“My17，Mommy”Shesaid，“NoManypeoplearedeaf（聋的）17.A.earsB.eyesC.bodyD.head【2009苏州】sounddeaf第12页，本讲稿共34页Whentwopeopleareinaconversation,thespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfr
11、omtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelistenerdoespayattention48whatheorsheisspeaking48.A.forB.ofC.withD.to【2009兰州】payattentiontoSkill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配）第13页，本讲稿共34页Skill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配）Inthemorning,thekingwenttovisitthepond.Tohissurprise,thepondwasonlyfilledwithwater
12、!Whathappened?Yes!Everyonehadthesameidea48thatman.48.A.withB.toC.asD.of【2009泰安】thesameas第14页，本讲稿共34页Skill 4：grammar analysis（语法分析）（语法分析）Asareporter,IthinkIwillmeetlotsofpeopleandIshouldbefriendlytothem.IthinkIllalsomakemanygood25andlivewiththem,becauseIdontlikelivingalone.25.A.friendB.friendsC.frien
13、dsD.friends【2009泸州】manys第15页，本讲稿共34页Skill 5：background knowledge（背景知识）（背景知识）Allovertheworldpeopleswimforfun.Swimmingisenjoyedbypeopleof32ages,fromtheveryyoungtotheveryold.Therearemanyplacesforpeopletoswiminswimmingpools.32.A.allB.noneC.someD.both【2009东营】第16页，本讲稿共34页1、context（上下文、语境）3、regularcollocat
14、ion（固定搭配）2、logic（逻辑）Skills of Cloze Tests(完形填空的解题技巧完形填空的解题技巧)4、grammaranalysis（语法分析）5、backgroundknowledge（背景知识）第17页，本讲稿共34页Step 1：Read-through（跳过空格、通读全文、掌握大意）（跳过空格、通读全文、掌握大意）第18页，本讲稿共34页Step 2：Easy first,hard later （瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破）（瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破）第19页，本讲稿共34页BACBToday,Iamveryhappytohaveameetingwithy
15、ou.Atthemeetingwewilltalkaboutthe_31_wehavethesedays.Weallknowtheproblemsof_32_andtheobjectsfallingfromwindowsaregettingworse.Wehave_33_lotsoflettersaboutsuchproblems.So_34_istimeforpossiblewaystoworkouttheseproblems.problemsletters第20页，本讲稿共34页Somedog-ownersdont_35_theirdogswellenough,andtheyletthei
16、rdogsmakemessontheroadsandingardens.Thismakestheenvironment_36_.Iwouldliketotellthedog-owners_37_theirbehavioristoobad,andatthesametimetheyare_38_peoplefeelunhappy.Weshouldkeeptheenvironment_39_.DBDAA第21页，本讲稿共34页Itisreportedthatsomepeople_40_rubbishoutofthewindows.Itisdangerousbecausefallingobjects_
17、41_hurtothers.Itisagainstthelaw.Weshouldputupanoticetoteachpeoplenottodoso.Ifitisfound,wewillrecordthe_42_andaddressofthosepeoplewhothrowobjects.Then,awarningwillbegivenand_43_willbepunishedbylaw.CADC第22页，本讲稿共34页Asafeandcomfortablelivingenvironmentisimportanttous._44_wetryourbesttocareforourcommunit
18、y,itwillbeagoodplaceto_45_in.Thankyouforyourcoming.AB第23页，本讲稿共34页BACBADBDACADCABStep2：Easyfirst,hardlater（瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破）第24页，本讲稿共34页Step 3:Re-read and check（复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案）（复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案）第25页，本讲稿共34页Steps of Cloze Tests(完形填空的解题步骤完形填空的解题步骤)1、跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意3、复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案2、瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破2mins10mins
19、2mins第26页，本讲稿共34页Homework:【2009北京】北京】第27页，本讲稿共34页BCADDCBBDAAC【2009北京】北京】第28页，本讲稿共34页总结：总结：完形填空的解题思路完形填空的解题思路总则：总则：在把握整体的基础上对在把握整体的基础上对 句子内部的句子内部的情况进行分析情况进行分析跳过空格，通读全文，跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意把握大意再读全文，反复检查再读全文，反复检查结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案瞻前顾后，先易后难，瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破个个击破第29页，本讲稿共34页Step 1：Read-though（跳过空格、通读全文、
20、掌握大意）（跳过空格、通读全文、掌握大意）第30页，本讲稿共34页Step 2：Easy first,hard later （瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破）（瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破）第31页，本讲稿共34页Step 3:Re-read and check（复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案）（复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案）第32页，本讲稿共34页ACBDACABBDACDBD【2009宁波】宁波】第33页，本讲稿共34页Tips to Close Test:Tips to Close Test:1 1注重首、尾句。注重首、尾句。2 2克服畏难、急躁情绪克服畏难、急躁情绪,耐心通读全文。耐心通读全文。3 3切勿看到一个空格就急着选出一个答切勿看到一个空格就急着选出一个答 案，必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。案，必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。4 4动笔时先易后难动笔时先易后难,注意从文中同样结构或注意从文中同样结构或 类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。5 5如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须从如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须从 语篇语篇(前提示、后暗示前提示、后暗示)意义上加以鉴别。意义上加以鉴别。第34页，本讲稿共34页