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1、状语从句集合学案（上）一、时间状语从句1when引导的时间状语从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可_发生，从句谓语动词为延续性动词或短暂性动词（皆可）。When I lived there，I used to go to the seashore on Sundays._When she comes, I shall tell her to wait for her. _He entered the room when the meeting was going on. _when还可作并列连词，意为“那时，这时”，常用于be about to do.when.（正要做.这时）；be do
2、ing.when.（正在做.这时）；had just done.when.（刚完成.这时）等结构中。I was about to leave when he arrived. _He was working for a company when I first met him. _The wall had just been painted when we visited the room._2while引导的时间状语从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，从句的谓语动词为_(延续性/短暂性)动词。Please don't talk so loud while others are worki
3、ng. _语法填空：While he _(sleep), the spaceship circled the earth twice. 对划线从句部分进行改错：I was thinking while he came in. while还可表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句；也可作并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。作让步状语从句引导词：While I understand your view，I don't agree with you. _作并列连词：He is strong while his brother is weak. _3as引导的时间状语从句的动作与主句动作交替进行或同时
4、发生，可译为“当；随着；一边一边”。As you grow older，you'll know better and better about yourself._4till和until(直到)在肯定句中主句谓语动词应是延续性的，而在否定句中主句谓语动词应是非延续性的；till不可位于句首，而until可以。not .until 中的not不可翻译为“不”，而是翻译为“.才.”I waited at the school gate until/till he came. _I didn't leave until/till he came back. _not.until句型的
5、倒装句和强调句(高级句型)倒装：Not until nine o'clock yesterday evening did we finish the work. （半倒装）主语谓语直到昨晚九点，我们才完成这项工作。强调句=It was not until nine o'clock yesterday evening that we finished the work.5before意为“在之前；还未就；才；还没来得及就”。before引导时间状语从句的常用句型：必会：It was时间段before从句(一般过去时)“过了多久才”或在.之前过了多久”It was some tim
6、e before we realized the truth. _It wasn't longbefore从句(一般过去时)“不久就”It wasn't long before we learned what was happening. _It will be时间段before从句(一般现在时)“要过多久才”It will be half a year before I come back. _It won't be longbefore从句(一般现在时)“不久就”It won't be long before we meet again. _必会： Sb h
7、ad done .before从句(一般过去时) 在.之前已经完成I had picked up French before I went to France. _6since意为“自从以来”，since引导的从句的时态若是一般过去时，则主句的时态是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。since常用于以下句型：It is/has been时间段since.“自从以来多久了”，从句谓语用短暂性动词时，表示动作持续了多久；用延续性动词时，表示动作停止了多久。It's a long time since we met last. _It has been three years since he s
8、moked. _7as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment/minute/instant，no sooner.than.，hardly/scarcely.when.等都可引导时间状语从句，表示“一就”。I recognized her the moment/as soon as I saw her. _选做：no sooner.than.和hardly.when.结构中，no sooner与hardly引导的主句谓语动词常用过去完成时，而than与when的从句中的谓语动词常用一般过去时。如：No sooner had we ar
9、rived at the station than the train left._the first time，every/each time，next time，by the time等连词短语也可引导时间状语从句。The first time he went to Shanghai，he paid a visit to his former teacher._即学即练1 用所学的时间状语从句知识完成下列练习(1)单句语法填空I was about to say _ you interrupted me.It will not be long _ you get used to the l
10、ife here._ (immediate) he came back, his mother told him the news. =As soon as he came back.(2)句型转换His mother went to bed after he came back.His mother didn't go to bed _ he came back. The moment I saw him, I gave him all the books.I gave him all the books _ I saw him.He came to our school three
11、 months ago.It is three months _ he came to our school.二、条件状语从句1if引导条件状语从句表示正面的条件，意为“如果”；unless(if not) 引导条件状语从句，表示负面的条件，意为“除非，如果不”。If you fail in the exam, you will let him down. _You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier._You will fail to arrive there in time if you do not sta
12、rt earlier.句型转换：Unless you change your mind, I won't help you.=_2in case, on condition that, providing/provided (that), supposing/suppose (that)等引导的条件状语从句，表示“假如，假使；在条件下”(比if更为书面化)。He won't be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance(提前)._in case所引导的从句为主句的动作提供理
13、由，从句接一般现在时、一般过去时或“should动词原形”这一虚拟语气。翻译为“以免，以防万一”Don't go out tomorrow morning in case Mr Li should come to visit you._3so/as long as/on condition that引导条件状语从句时，表示“只要”。As/So long as you love me, I can do anything for you. _I can tell you on condition that you promise to keep it a secret. _As long
14、 as you form the habit of learning English every day, you will conquer(征服) English sooner or later. _即学即练2 用所学的条件状语从句知识完成下列练习(1)单句语法填空If he _ (come) to see me, I will tell him what has happened.If I _ (be) you, I would not do it like this.(2)完成句子只要你能按时来参加会议，老板就会高兴的。The boss will be happy _ you can a
15、ttend the meeting on time.除非他邀请我，否则我是不会去参加他的聚会的。I won't go to his party _ he invites me.三、让步状语从句1though, although, even if, even though都有“虽然，即使，尽管”的意思共同点even if, even though语气较强，though 和although语气较弱。though 不如although 正式；though 可用于假设，although用于陈述“事实”。不同点He will never tell you the truth even if he
16、 knows it._though和although不能与but连用（水火不容）。Although she has a lot of money, she is not happy. _2while也可引导让步状语从句，也有“虽然，即使，尽管”的意思，突出对比主句和从句所表示的两种情况。While he is young, he is experienced. _3疑问词ever引导让步状语从句时相当于“no matter疑问词”，二者可换用。但“no matter疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词ever”中的whatever, whoever, whomever等还可引导名词性从句。
17、Whatever (No matter what) happens, we will not change our mind._It's generally considered unwise to give a child whatever ( no matter what) he wants._4though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装，但as引导的让步状语从句必须倒装(高级句型)。要把从句中作表语的名词(提前后，不带冠词)或形容词、作状语的副词或作谓语的实义动词提前。翻译：Hard as she tried, she failed to pass the exam._
18、用as倒装进行句型转换：Though he did fail, he would never give up. 尽管失败了，他也决不会放弃。= _Intelligent student as he is, he doesn't study hard. _即学即练3用让步状语从句的知识完成句子尽管他是个孩子，但他会说三种语言。Child _ he is,_he can speak three languages.他很忙。即使他想陪他的儿子也没有足够的时间。He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son _ he wants
19、 to.无论你选择谁，我都会支持你。_ you choose,_I will support you. 重要！高考真题请用正确的引导词进行单句语法填空，并说明这是什么状语从句。1如(2018·北京)_ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. ( 条件状语从句 )2(2018·北京)_long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation system
20、s and our cities. ( )3(2018·江苏)_you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.( )4(2017·北京)_ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.( )5(2017·北京) If you don't understand something
21、, you may research, study, and talk to other people_ you figure it out. ( )6(2016·北京)My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, _ he's in his nineties. ( )7(2016·天津)_ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.( )8(2016·浙江)_ on
22、line shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.( )9. (2015·北京)_ the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. ( )10(2015·江苏)It is so cold that you can't go outside_ fully covered in thick clothes.( ).根据句意选择正确的状语从句的引导连词1I won'
23、;t tell you the truth_you come here.2_the weather is fine，I will go with you.3_tired he is，he will cook a tasty meal.4_Mr.Black made great progress，he didn't show off.5Your parents will wait for you_you come back.6Fans cheered_the singer appeared.7The boy won't turn on the TV_he has finished his homework.8_you do，pay attention to safety.