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1、-1-20142014 高考英语考前押题：非谓语动词高考英语考前押题：非谓语动词作目的状语只能用不定式的一般式，一般位于句首，有时也可位于句中或句末1 _ warm at night,I would fill the woodstove,then set my alarm clock formidnight so I could refill it.AStayingBStayedCTo stayDStay解析：选 C考查非谓语动词。句意：为了晚上保暖，我往火炉中添了木柴，又设置了午夜的闹钟以便再次添加。此处“保暖”是“添加木柴”的目的，所以用动词不定式作目的状语。2 I stopped the
2、 car _ a short break as I was feeling tired.AtakeBtakingCto takeDtaken解析：选 C考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，停下车是为了休息，所以应用不定式作目的状语。原则二：作伴随状语一般用 v.ing 形式的一般式1 When I was little,my mother used to sit by my bed,_ me stories till Ifell asleep.Ahaving toldBtellingCtoldDto tell解析：选 B考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，my mother 与 tell 之间为逻
3、辑上的主动关系，故用动词ing 形式。having done 表示这个动作先于主句动作发生，与句意不符，可排除，故选 B。2 The sun began to rise in the sky,_ the mountain in golden light.AbathedBbathingCto have bathedDhaving bathed解析：选 B考查非谓语动词。句意：太阳在天空中升起，这座山沐浴在金色的阳光之中。bathe是及物动词，意为“使沐浴(在光线里)”，与 the sun 构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。原则三：作原因状语一般用现在分词或过去分词(二者的选择取决于其与逻
4、辑主语的关系)，而在某些表示情感的形容词后作原因状语常用不定式1 _ the course very difficult,she decided to move to a lower level.AFindBFindingCTo findDFound解析：选 B考查非谓语动词。句意：她发现这门课程非常难，决定转学一门较低水平的(课程)。she 与 find 之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。2)The old man sat in front of the television every evening,happy _ anythingthat happened to be o
5、n.Ato watchBwatchingCwatchedDto have watched解析：选 A考查非谓语动词。句意：老人每天晚上坐在电视机前，看电视上播放的任何电视节目都很高兴。后半句是形容词短语作伴随状语。-2-3 _an important role in a new movie,Andy has got a chance to become famous.AOfferBOfferingCOfferedDTo offer解析：选 C考查非谓语动词作状语。句子主语 Andy 与 offer 之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故选 C。原则四：在“be性质形容词不定式”结构中，形容词
6、修饰说明不定式时，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义1 his machine is very easy _.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.AoperatingBto be operatingCoperatedDto operate解析：选 D考查非谓语动词。在句型“主语beadj.to do”中，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，故选 D。2 Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ intosmall pieces.AbreakBbrea
7、kingCbrokenDto break解析：选 D考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆问糖果制造商是否可以把巧克力制作得更容易弄碎些。“beeasy/difficult.”后常跟不定式的主动形式表示被动意义，故答案为 D 项。原则五：一些抽象名词如 chance,warning,ability,ambition,attempt,offer,decision,anxiety,way 等词后常用不定式的一般式作定语1 Volunteering gives you a chance _ lives,including your own.AchangeBchangingCchangedDto change解析
8、：选 D考查非谓语动词。句意：志愿者活动给了你一个改变人生的机会，包括你自己的。a chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”。英语中有些抽象名词，如 chance,ability,way等，常用不定式作定语。2 The ability _ an idea is as important as the idea itself.AexpressingBexpressedCto expressDto be expressed解析：选 C考查非谓语动词。ability 后常接不定式的一般式的主动形式作定语，意为“做的能力”。句意：表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。原则六：作介词的宾语一般用
9、v.ing 形式的一般式，但在介词 but,except 后需跟不定式作宾语(是否带 to 可参照“前 do 后不 to”的原则)1 Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and _ to ruins,the citytook on a new look.AreducingBreducedCbeing reducedDhaving reduced解析：选 C考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处与 suffering from 是 and 连接的两个并列成分，在形式上应保持一致，又因 reduce 与 the city 之间是逻辑
10、上的动宾关系，因此选 being reduced。2 If he takes on this work,he will have no choice but _ an even greaterchallenge.-3-AmeetsBmeetingCmeetDto meet解析：选 D考查不定式固定搭配。句意：如果他承担这项工作，他将别无选择，只有面对更大的挑战。have no choice but to do sth.“别无选择，只有做某事”。原则七：作主语表示一般行为常用 v.ing 形式的一般式。用 it 作形式主语时，常用不定式作真正主语，its no use/no good/usele
11、ss doing 结构除外1 _basic firstaid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.AKnownBHaving knownCKnowingDBeing known解析：选 C考查非谓语动词。句意：了解基本的急救技巧能够帮助你快速应对紧急情况。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中充当主语，应用动词ing 形式。having known 强调“完成”，不符合句意，可排除。故选 C。2 No matter how bright a talker you are,there are times when its bett
12、er _silent.AremainBbe remainingChaving remainedDto remain解析：选 D考查非谓语动词。句意：不管你多么能言善辩，但有时候还是保持沉默更好。该题考查“it is形容词to do sth.”这一句型，句中 to remain silent“保持沉默”是真正的主语，it 是形式主语。3 Its no use _ without taking any action.AcomplainBcomplainingCbeing complainedDto be complained解析：选 B句意：只抱怨而不采取行动是没用的。在“its no use d
13、oing”结构中，v.ing形式作真正主语。原则八：在 seem 后作表语一般用不定式。remain 作“尚待”讲，后常加 to be done 作表语，作“仍然”讲，后可加现在分词或过去分词1(The engine just wont start.Something seems _ wrong with it.Ato goBto have goneCgoingDhaving gone解析：选 B考查非谓语动词。句意：发动机启动不了了，它好像出问题了。动词 seem 后常接动词不定式，因此 C、D 两项不正确。由句意可知，go 这一动作在 start 之前发生，故选 B。2 Today we
14、have chat rooms,text messaging,emailing.but we seem _ theart of communicating facetoface.AlosingBto be losingCto be lostDhaving lost解析：选 B考查非谓语动词作表语。句意：现在我们有聊天室，能传递文本信息，还可以发电子邮件但是我们似乎正在失去面对面交流的技能。seem 后通常用动词不定式，排除 A和 D 两项；此处非谓语动词后有名词短语 the art of communicating facetoface 作其宾语，所以排除 C 项(被动形式)，故选 B。3In
15、 April,thousands of holidaymakers remained _ abroad due to the volcanicash cloud.AstickingBstuckCto be stuckDto have stuck-4-解析：选 B考查非谓语动词。句意：四月份，成千上万的度假者由于火山灰的影响而被滞留在国外。此处 remain 为系动词，后接过去分词作表语，表示被动。1People spend many years learning about favorite sports and _ how to do themwell.ApracticeB practice
16、dCpracticingDto practice解析：选 C考查非谓语动词。spend.(in)doing sth.表示“花费做某事”，根据and 可知，空处应与 learning 并列，作省略了的介词 in 的宾语，故选 C。2 _ the earth to be flat,many feared that Columbus would fall off the edgeof the earth.AHaving believedBBelievingCBelievedDTo believe解析：选 B考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人认为地球是平的，担心哥伦布会从地球的边缘掉下去。believe 与
17、句子主语为逻辑上的主谓关系，且 feared 与 believe 无时间上的前后之分，故选 B 项。3 There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts _ you failed.Ato contactBcontactingCcontactedDhaving contacted解析：选 A考查非谓语动词。句意：在那个遥远的村庄没有信号，因此我怎么也联系不上你。attempt 后面应用不定式作定语。4 The text is too difficult.The explanation of our teacher wi
18、ll help make it easy_.Ato understandBto be understoodCunderstoodDunderstanding解析：选 A考查非谓语动词。句意：这篇文章太难了，我们老师的解释会使它易于理解。此处用动词不定式的主动表示被动。此种用法常用于“be性质形容词不定式”结构中，此类形容词有 easy,hard,interesting 等。5 Do you wake up every morning _ energetic and ready to start a new day?AfeelBto feelCfeelingDfelt解析：选 C考查非谓语动词。
19、句意：你每天早晨起来感到精力充沛并准备开始新的一天吗？现在分词 feeling energetic 作伴随状语。6 The fresh air in the morning is pleasant _.Youd better get up early todo some exercise.Ato be breathedBto breatheCbreathingDbeing breathed解析：选 B考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：早上的新鲜空气呼吸起来很舒服，你最好早起活动活动。在形容词 pleasant 后用不定式作方式状语，且主动形式表示被动含义。7What on earth made Su
20、san weep?_ of cheating in the exam.ABe accusedBShe was accused-5-CBecause she was accusedDBeing accused解析：选 D考查非谓语动词作主语。句意：“苏珊究竟为什么哭？”“她被指责在考试中作弊。”题线处在答句中作主语回答问句，A、C 两项不能作主语，若选 B 项则应在前面加 that，此处为动词ing 形式作主语。8 I made every effort to get the car out of the mud,but it remained _ there.AstickingBto be s
21、tuckCstuckDto have stuck解析：选 C考查非谓语动词作表语。句意：我尽力想把车从泥中弄出来，但车仍然陷在那里。it 与 stick 为被动关系，排除 A 项和 D 项；B 项表示将来，C 项表示完成。现在分词与不定式作结果状语的比较1 He got up late and hurried to his office,_ the breakfast untouched.AleftBto leaveCleavingDhaving left解析：选 C考查非谓语动词。句意：他起晚了，匆忙赶往办公室，没有吃早饭。主语 He 与leave 之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词作结果状语，表
22、示自然而然的结果。不定式作结果状语时表示意想不到的结果，故排除 B 项；leave 这一动作并未发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，排除 D 项。2 George returned after the war,only _ that his wife had left him.Ato be toldBtellingCbeing toldDtold解析：选 A考查非谓语动词。句意：乔治战争后回到家，结果被告知妻子已经离开了他。此处是动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果，而且 George 和 tell 之间是被动关系，因此用 to be told。如果用动词ing 形式，则表示意料之中的结果。现在
23、分词表示自然而然的结果；不定式表示意想不到的结果，其前常加 only。试比较：More highways have been built in China,making it much easier for people to travelfrom one place to another.中国又建了更多的公路，这使得人们出行变得更加容易了。I arrived at the station in a hurry,only to find the train had left.我匆忙到达车站，结果却发现火车已经开走了。现在分词与过去分词作状语的比较1 _ which university to
24、attend,the girl asked her teacher for advice.ANot knowingBKnowing notCNot knownDKnown not解析：选 A考查非谓语动词。句意：由于不知道上哪所大学，那个女孩向她的老师征求意见。分析句子成分可知，the girl 与 know 之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词作原因状语，且分词的否定式是在分词前加 not，所以答案为 A。2 _ in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring childrens love-6-of art.ATo found
25、BFoundingCFoundedDHaving founded解析：选 C考查非谓语动词。句意：这所学校创建于 20 世纪初期，它一直激励着孩子们对于艺术的热爱。found 与 the school 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词。故选 C。现在分词表示的动作与句子主语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系；过去分词表示的动作与句子主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。试比较：Seeing from the top of the building,we can see the whole city.Seen from the top of the building,the whole city can be s
26、een.非谓语动词作后置定语的比较1 The witnesses _ by the police just now gave very different descriptionsof the fight.AquestionedBbeing questionedCto be questionedDhaving questioned解析：选 A考查非谓语动词。句意：刚才警察询问的目击者对这次打架给出了完全不同的描述。由于 the witnesses 和 question 是逻辑上的动宾关系，同时在句中有表示过去的时间状语 just now，故要用动词ed 形式作后置定语表示被动和完成。故选 A。
27、2 The room is empty except for a bookshelf _ in one corner.AstandingBto standCstandsDstood解析：选 A考查非谓语动词。句意：除了一个书橱在墙角外，房间里空空荡荡。except for是介词短语，其后不能接句子，所以排除 C、D 两项。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语，且a bookshelf 与动词 stand 之间为逻辑上的主动关系，所以选 A。3 Were having a meeting in half an hour.The decision _ at the meeting willinfluen
28、ce the future of our company.Ato be madeBbeing madeCmadeDhaving been made解析：选 A考查非谓语动词。根据前面的“Were having a meeting in half an hour.”可知会议还没开始，The decision 后面的定语应用动词不定式，表示将要发生的动作，排除B、C、D 项。故选 A 项。表示被动、完成用过去分词；表示主动、进行用现在分词；表示被动、进行用 being done；表示被动的动作尚未进行用 to be done。试比较：The bridge built in 2012 was des
29、igned by a local company.The bridge being built now was designed by a local company.The bridge to be built next year was designed by a local company.Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarketshas caused heated debate among citizens.（2011江苏高考）不定式与 v.ing 形式作宾语的比较
30、-7-1 I remembered _ the door before I left the office,but forgot to turn offthe lights.AlockingBto lockChaving lockedDto have locked解析：选 B考查非谓语动词。句意：我离开办公室之前记得关门却忘记关灯了。remember todo sth.表示“记得要做某事”，与后半句中的“forgot to.”相对应。2)Lydia doesnt feel like_abroad.Her parents are old.AstudyBstudyingCstudiedDto st
31、udy解析：选 B考查非谓语动词。feel like sth./doing sth.“想要某物/想要做某事”。句意：莉蒂亚不想出国学习，因为她的父母都上年纪了。3)I still remember_to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.Ato takeBto be takenCtakingDbeing taken解析：选 D考查非谓语动词。remember to do sth.“记得要做某事(该动作未发生)”；remember doing sth.“记得做过某事(该动作已经发生)”。依据后文的“what I saw there”可知这里说的是记得已经
32、发生的动作；再者 take 的宾语就是句子的主语，二者之间是动宾关系，应用被动形式，所以选 being taken。1下列动词只能用不定式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish;refuse,manage,care,pretend;offer,promise,choose,plan;agree,ask/beg,help。此外，afford,strive,happen,wait,threaten 等也要用不定式作宾语。We agreed to meet he
33、re but so far she hasnt turned up yet.我们约好在此地见面，但是她到现在还没有露面。2下列动词或词组只能用动名词作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。consider,suggest/advise,look forward to,excuse/pardon;admit,delay/put off,fancy;avoid,miss,keep/keep on,practice;deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate;forbid,imagine,risk;can
34、t help(禁不住),mind,allow/permit,escape。此外，be used/accustomed to(习惯于),lead to,devote to,go back to,stick to,objectto,get down to,pay attention to,cant stand,give up,feel like,insist on,thankyoufor,apologizefor,bebusy(in),havedifficulty/trouble(in),haveagood/wonderful/hard time(in),spend time(in)等短语后也要用
35、动名词作宾语。He got wellprepared for the job interview,for he couldnt risk losing the goodopportunity.他为这次工作面试做了充分准备，因为他不能冒失去这次好机会的风险。3下列动词或短语既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，要特-8-别注意：forgetto do sth.忘记要做某事doing sth.忘记已经做过某事rememberto do sth.记住要做某事doing sth.记得曾经做过某事regretto do sth.遗憾要去做某事doing sth.后悔做过某事mean
36、to do sth.打算做某事doing sth.意味着做某事cant helptodo sth.不能帮助做某事doing sth.情不自禁地做某事What a poor memory！I forgot borrowing money from him yesterday.But today I forgotto return the money to him.多么差的记忆力！昨天我忘了向他借过钱，但今天我又忘了把钱还给他。非谓语动词作补足语的比较（一）感官动词后接复合宾语的比较1 When we saw the road _ with snow,we decided to spend the
37、 holiday at home.AblockBto blockCblockingDblocked解析：选 D考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家过假期。分析句子结构可知，此处是“see宾语宾语补足语”结构。宾语补足语是 do 形式时，表示“看见宾语做某事的全过程”；宾语补足语是 doing 形式时，表示“看见宾语正在做某事”；若宾语补足语与宾语是动宾关系时，则用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。road 与 block 之间是被动关系，故选 D。2 I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch i
38、ts breakfast.Ato windBwindCwindingDwound解析：选 C考查非谓语动词。此题考查现在分词作宾语补足语，宾语 snake 与 wind 之间为主动关系，且此动作正在进行，故选 C。感官动词(短语)see,watch,observe,look at,notice,hear,listen to,feel 的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以 see 为例)：see宾语doing sth.看见正在做do sth.看见做了宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的主动关系done 看见被做宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的被动关系I heard her sing an Englis
39、h song just now.刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。(主动，完成)-9-I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱英文歌。(主动，正在进行)To learn English well,we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as muchas possible.为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地听英语。(被动，无时间性)（二）使役动词 make,have,get,keep,let 后加复合宾语
40、的比较1 Let those in need _ that we will go all out to help them.Ato understandBunderstandCunderstandingDunderstood解析：选 B考查非谓语动词。句意：让那些需要帮助的人们明白我们会全力以赴去帮助他们。从整个句子结构来看，这是一个主从复合句，that 引导的是宾语从句。let sb.do sth.意思是“让某人做某事”。故选 B。2 Before driving into the city,you are required to get your car _.AwashedBwashCwa
41、shingDto wash解析：选 A考查非谓语动词。句意：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系，构成短语：get sth.done。故选 A 项。3Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself_of his owndreams.AremindingBto remindCremindedDremind解析：选 C考查非谓语动词。句意：迈克尔把姚明的照片张贴在床边是为了提醒自己要实现自己的梦想。remind sb.of sth.表
42、示“提醒某人某事”，himself 与 remind 之间是动宾关系，故用动词的过去分词形式。(1)make宾语do sth.让做某事宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的主动关系done 让被做宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的被动关系He made his workers work 12 hours a day.他让他的工人们每天工作 12 个小时。He tried to make himself understood.他尽量使自己被理解。(2)have宾语-10-do sth.使做某事doing sth.使持续做某事宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的主动关系done 使被做/遭受宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻
43、辑上的被动关系注意：have 还可用于 have sth.to do/done 结构，该结构中 have 作“有”讲，不定式作定语。I have something urgent to inform you.我有很紧急的事要通知你们。(3)get宾语to do sth.使做某事doing sth.使开始做某事宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的主动关系done 使被做宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的被动关系He got me to post the letter for him.他让我替他寄信。Alexander tried to get his work recognized in the medi
44、cal circles.(2010辽宁高考)亚历山大试图使他的工作被医学界认可。The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。Ill get my bike repaired tomorrow.我明天要(请人)修一下我的自行车。(4)keepsb./sth.doing 使某人/物一直做某事sb./sth.done 使某人/物被表示被动且完成，或表示状态Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.对不起让你久
45、等了。（三）with 复合结构中补足语的比较1)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _them.Ato followBfollowingCfollowedDfollows解析：选 B考查 with 的复合结构。with 的宾语后面可加形容词、副词、分词、不定式或名词等作宾语补足语，此处 pet dog 与 follow 之间构成主动关系，所以用 following。不定式表示动作尚未发生，不符合语境故排除 A。2 The living room is clean and tid
46、y,with a dining table already _ for a-11-meal to be cooked.AlaidBlayingCto layDbeing laid解析：选 A考查非谓语动词。句意：客厅既干净又整洁，已摆好了餐桌准备做饭。“with名词/代词过去分词”为 with 的复合结构，a dining table 和 lay 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。withsb./sth.doing表示主动且进行sth.done表示被动且完成sth.to do表示将来John received an invitation to dinner,and with his work
47、finished,he gladly acceptedit.约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。With a lot of difficult problems to settle the newly elected president is havinga hard time.因为有很多难题要解决，这位新任总统的日子不好过。题组一：(非谓语动词作结果状语)1 He lost his computer while shopping,_ away all his secret photos.AgaveBto giveCgivingDhaving given解析：选 C考查
48、非谓语动词作结果状语。句意：他在购物时丢了电脑，结果泄露了所有绝密照片。此处非谓语动词表示一种必然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。2 The news reporters hurried to the airport,only _ that the film stars hadleft.AinformingBto be informedCto informDinformed解析：选 B考查非谓语动词作结果状语。句意：新闻记者匆忙赶到机场，结果却被告知那位影星已经离开了。此处表示一种出乎意料的结果，应用不定式作结果状语，inform 与 the newsreporter 之间为动宾关系，故选 B
49、。题组二：(非谓语动词作伴随状语)1 We often provide our children with toys,footballs or basketballs,_ thatall children like these things.AthinkingBthinkCto thinkDthought解析：选 A考查非谓语动词。句意：我们经常给我们的孩子玩具、足球或者篮球，认为所有的孩子都喜欢这些东西。“_ that all children like these things”在句中作原因状语，We 与 think 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用 think 的现在分词形式。2 Witho
50、ut thinking,he ran out,_ at a stranger to call the fire police.AshoutedBhaving shoutedCto shoutDshouting-12-解析：选 D考查非谓语动词。句意：他毫不迟疑地跑了出去，大声冲着一个陌生人喊，让他报火警。根据句意可知，“跑”与“喊”的动作同时发生，故应用动词的ing 形式作伴随状语。题组三：(非谓语动词作后置定语)1 TV programmes,_ to combine learning with fun together,are growing inpopularity all over t