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1、关于非谓语动词的区别高二版第一页，讲稿共四十页哦2)如果非谓语动词与被修饰词之间是动宾关系且表示动作如果非谓语动词与被修饰词之间是动宾关系且表示动作正在进行就用现在分词的被动式（正在进行就用现在分词的被动式（being done)。例如：。例如：The house being decorated now is mine.3.动词不定式作定语，表示动词不定式作定语，表示“将来将来”的意义。的意义。1）不定式与被修饰词之间虽然是动宾关系，但如果不）不定式与被修饰词之间虽然是动宾关系，但如果不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，就用不定式的主动定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，就用不定式的主动形式（形式（to
2、 do)。I have a letter to type.2 不定式与被修饰词之间是动宾关系且表示即将进行的不定式与被修饰词之间是动宾关系且表示即将进行的动作就用动词不定式的被动式（动作就用动词不定式的被动式（to be done)。The house to be repaired next month will be mine.第二页，讲稿共四十页哦练习：练习：用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。1)The house_(build)last year is my uncles house.2)The building_(build)next year will be the t
3、eaching building.3)The building_(build)now will be the lab building.built to be built being built第三页，讲稿共四十页哦现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别：现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别：1.现在分词作表语，表示主语的性质和特征，含有现在分词作表语，表示主语的性质和特征，含有“令令人人的的”之意，主语与表语之间是主动关系。主语之意，主语与表语之间是主动关系。主语一般是物。一般是物。例如：例如：1)The story sounds interesting.2)The news was disappoint
4、ing.2.过去分词作表语时一般置于过去分词作表语时一般置于be,get,become,look,sound,feel remain等系动词的后面，表示主语所处的等系动词的后面，表示主语所处的状态或感受状态或感受,在逻辑上与主语有被动关系，在逻辑上与主语有被动关系，例如：例如：1）I was pleased at the news.2）The door remained locked 3）He looked very excited.第四页，讲稿共四十页哦英语中有许多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示英语中有许多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示“令令人人”,主语一般是物；主语一般是物；其
5、过去分词表示其过去分词表示“(人人)感到感到”，主语多为人。主语多为人。1）The book is very _,so I am very _ in it.(interest)2)All the people were _ about the _ news.(excite)3)From his _ look on his face,the price of the meat must have risen.(disappoint)4)I am _ of the baby,because he cries all the time.He is so_ (tire).interesting int
6、erestedexcitedexcitingdisappointedtiredtiring第五页，讲稿共四十页哦5.The boy looked up with a _ (please)expression.注意：用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰注意：用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人，非人的事物，这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。pleased第六页，讲稿共四十页哦动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语的区别：动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语的区别：1.现在
7、分词作宾语补足语。现在分词作宾语补足语。宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着主谓关系（即宾语是现在分宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着主谓关系（即宾语是现在分词动作的执行者）。而且表示动作正在进行，就用现在分词动作的执行者）。而且表示动作正在进行，就用现在分词作宾语补足语词作宾语补足语2.动词不定式作宾语补足语。动词不定式作宾语补足语。宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着主谓关系（即宾语是宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着主谓关系（即宾语是动词不定式动作的执行者）。不表示动作正在进行动词不定式动作的执行者）。不表示动作正在进行,只表示动作的全过程只表示动作的全过程,就用动词不定式作宾语补足语。就用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
8、3.过去分词作宾语补足语。过去分词作宾语补足语。宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着动宾关系（即宾语是过宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着动宾关系（即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者）。就用过去分词作宾语补足语。去分词动作的承受者）。就用过去分词作宾语补足语。第七页，讲稿共四十页哦1)He got his sister _(work)a letter for him.2)Our teachers have us _(do)our homework every day.3)The boss made his workers _(work)twelve hours a day.4)He had his sister
9、_(write)a letter for him.5)I saw his brother _(get)in a car.to writedowork writeget第八页，讲稿共四十页哦 6)I had that door _(paint)only last week.7)A week ago I had a hundred dollars _(save)8)We have your medicine _(prepare)now.Please take it.9)I raised my voice to make myself _(hear).10)Dont let the light in
10、 your room _(burn)all night long.11)We can hear the windows _(beat)by the heavy rain drops.12)I want the suit _ (make)to his own measure.paintedsavedpreparedheardburningbeatenmade第九页，讲稿共四十页哦13)The boss made the workers _(work)all night long.14)The workers had the machine _(turn)all day.15)He got his
11、 sister _(post)the letter for him.16)When the husband returned,he noticed her hair _(cut)。17)The weavers had the light _(burn)all day and all night.working turning to post cut burning第十页，讲稿共四十页哦3.过去分词、现在分词作状语的区别：过去分词、现在分词作状语的区别：根据分词与逻辑主语（即句子的主语）的关系来根据分词与逻辑主语（即句子的主语）的关系来决定两种分词的选择。决定两种分词的选择。1)如果如果分词的动
12、作是由句子的主语发出的，分词的动作是由句子的主语发出的，那么那么主语与分词所表示的动作是主谓关系，就用主语与分词所表示的动作是主谓关系，就用现在现在分词的一般式分词的一般式doing或或现在分词的完成式现在分词的完成式havingdone。例如：例如：1)Comparingthenewbuildingwiththeoldone,wefindthatthenewonelooksmorebeautiful.2)Havingfinishedmyhomework,Iwenthome.第十一页，讲稿共四十页哦 若分词的动作不若分词的动作不是由句子的主语发出的，分词所是由句子的主语发出的，分词所表示的动作
13、表示的动作与主语是与主语是动宾关系动宾关系（即是该分词动作的（即是该分词动作的承受者），则用过去分词承受者），则用过去分词(done)或用或用现在分词完成现在分词完成被动式被动式havingbeendone但要注意，但要注意，havingbeendone是强调一个被动是强调一个被动的动作发生在谓语动词之前。的动作发生在谓语动词之前。过去分词过去分词done表被动，表被动，表示动作已完成，但没有强调发生在谓语动词之前。表示动作已完成，但没有强调发生在谓语动词之前。1)Comparedwiththeoldone,thenewbuildinglooksmorebeautiful.2)Seenfrom
14、thehill,thetownlooksmorebeautiful.3)Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hecouldntunderstandit.第十二页，讲稿共四十页哦 3）_(light)acandle,shewentout.4）_(hear)this,thewomanastronautexpressedhersatisfaction.5)_(show)thelabs,weweretakentoseethelibrary.6)When_(heat),watercanbechangedintosteam.7)_(ask)tostay,Icouldntverywellleav
15、e.人家请我留下，我就不好离开了。人家请我留下，我就不好离开了。Having litHaving heardHaving been shownheatedHaving been asked第十三页，讲稿共四十页哦1)_(see)from the top of the hill,the park looks very beautiful.2)Once _(publish),this dictionary will be very popular.3)_(give)more time,we could do it much better.4)_(pay)more attention,the chi
16、ld will be happier.5)_(choke)by heavy smoke,he could hardly breathe.Seen published Given Paid Choked第十四页，讲稿共四十页哦6)The woman scientist entered the lab,_(follow)by her assistants.7)_(be)ill,she didnt go the school today.8)_(see)nobody at home,I decided to come again.9)Not _(know)her telephone number,I
17、 couldnt ring her up.10)Not _（receive）an answer,I wrote to him again.followed Being Seeing knowing having received第十五页，讲稿共四十页哦11)_(tell)that it was going to snow,that climbers decided to put off their attempt on the highest peak.12)_(hear)the good news,he jumped with joy.13)_(walk)in the street,I sa
18、w a friend of mine.14)He sat at the table_(read)China Daily.15)_（laugh）and _(talk),they went into the room.16)Please fill in this form,_(give)your name,address,etc.Having been told HearingWalking reading Laughing talking giving第十六页，讲稿共四十页哦17)Her mother died in 1979,_(leave)her with four younger brot
19、hers and sisters.18)The child fell,_(strike)his head against the door and cutting it.19)_(turn)to the right,you will find the place you find.20)_(work)hard,you will succeed.leaving striking Turning Working第十七页，讲稿共四十页哦过去分词和现在分词完成被动式的区别：过去分词和现在分词完成被动式的区别：1.及物动词的过去分词没有完成式，它有及物动词的过去分词没有完成式，它有“完成完成”和和“被动
20、被动”的的含义，但却没有强调该动作发生在谓语动词前。它有时可以用含义，但却没有强调该动作发生在谓语动词前。它有时可以用现在分词完成被动式去替换。现在分词完成被动式去替换。eg:The bridge had been weakened by successive storms and was no longer safe.=Weakened by successive storms,the bridge was no longer safe.=Having been weakened by successive storms,the bridge was no longer safe.这座桥接二
21、连三地遭到暴风雨的袭击后，己经不安全了。这座桥接二连三地遭到暴风雨的袭击后，己经不安全了。第十八页，讲稿共四十页哦2.现在分词完成被动式：强调分词表示的动作发现在分词完成被动式：强调分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。（强调动作发生在先）生在谓语动词之前。（强调动作发生在先）eg:Having been warned about the bandits,he left his valuables at home。当警告有强盗出没时，他就把贵重物品留在家当警告有强盗出没时，他就把贵重物品留在家里。里。第十九页，讲稿共四十页哦1)_(tell)many times,he still couldnt
22、understand.2)_(give)a satisfactory operation,the patient recovered from illness very quickly.3)_(give)a satisfactory operation,the doctor believed the patient would recover from his illness very soon.Having been toldHaving been givenHaving given第二十页，讲稿共四十页哦3.通常过去分词可作定语使用，而现在分词完成通常过去分词可作定语使用，而现在分词完成被
23、动式却不能用作被动式却不能用作定语。定语。eg:1)The computer centre,opened last year，is very popular among the students in this school.(MET 93)去年开办的计算机中心很受学生的欢迎。去年开办的计算机中心很受学生的欢迎。(过去分词既能表示被动又有完成的含义过去分词既能表示被动又有完成的含义)第二十一页，讲稿共四十页哦2)The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th
24、century.(NMET94)作为外语的英语教科书早在十六世纪就已经出作为外语的英语教科书早在十六世纪就已经出版了。版了。3)Most of the artists invited to the party were from south America(MET 90)应邀参加舞会的大多数艺术家都来自南美。应邀参加舞会的大多数艺术家都来自南美。第二十二页，讲稿共四十页哦1._aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBirdsNestforthe2008OlympicGames.(2008陕西卷陕西卷)A.HavingshownB.Tobeshown
25、C.HavingbeenshownD.Toshow高考链接高考链接C 第二十三页，讲稿共四十页哦2._byagreaterdemandforvegetables,farmershavebuiltmoregreenhouses.(07浙江卷浙江卷)A.DrivenB.BeingdrivenC.TodriveD.HavingdrivenA 第二十四页，讲稿共四十页哦1._moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven.2.Thecomputercenter,_lastyear,isvery
26、popularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.openedI.单项选择单项选择A D 第二十五页，讲稿共四十页哦3.Thefirsttextbooks_forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written4._inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.
27、LostD.ToloseDC 第二十六页，讲稿共四十页哦5._suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered6.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begunAD 第二十七页，讲稿共四十页哦7._in1636,Harvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversi
28、tiesintheUnitedStates.A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.Founded D.Founding8.When_,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompletedC A 第二十八页，讲稿共四十页哦9.Pricesofdailygoods_throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying10.Dontuse
29、words,expressions,orphrases_onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.knownB D 第二十九页，讲稿共四十页哦11.Unless_tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited12.Friendshipislikemoney:easiermadethan_.A.keptB.tobekeptC.keepingD.hav
30、ingkeptAA 第三十页，讲稿共四十页哦13.Mr.Smith,_ofthe_speech,startedtoreadanovel.A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring14._time,hellmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.GivenA D 第三十一页，讲稿共四十页哦.Fillintheblanks.1._(污染的污染的)airandwaterareharmfultopeopleshealth.2.Theproblem_(在会
31、议在会议上讨论的上讨论的)yesterdaywasverydifficulttosolve.3.Hebecame_(兴奋兴奋)whenheheardthenewsthathehadwonthefirstplaceinthecompetition.4.Iam_(感兴趣感兴趣)inthestory.5.Ihaventgotthefilm_(冲洗冲洗)yet.6.Doyouknowtheman_(站站)besidethedoor?Polluteddiscussedatthemeetingexcitedinteresteddevelopedstanding第三十二页，讲稿共四十页哦1.Hecameba
32、ckwithabasketfillingwitheggsfilling改为改为filled2.Abreakingcupislyingonthefloor.breaking改为改为broken3.Themeetingholdsyesterdaywasveryimportant.holds改为改为held.改错改错第三十三页，讲稿共四十页哦4.Givingmoretime,Iwoulddoitbetter.Giving改为改为Given5.Deeplymovingbyhiswords,theoldmanagreedtohisrequest.moving改为改为moved6.Seenhismothe
33、rcoming,thechildwasveryhappy.Seen改为改为Seeing 7.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstyingbehindhisback.tying改为改为tied第三十四页，讲稿共四十页哦.用分词改写下列从句。用分词改写下列从句。1.WhilehewaswatchingTV,heheardaknockatthedoor.WhilewatchingTV,heheardaknockatthedoor.2.Ifthetownisseenfromthetopofthehill,itlooksmorebeautiful.Seenfromt
34、hetopofthehill,thetownlooksmorebeautiful.第三十五页，讲稿共四十页哦HomeworkReviewthegrammar.FinishtheexercisesonPage33andPage72.第三十六页，讲稿共四十页哦第三十七页，讲稿共四十页哦注意注意:作时间状语时作时间状语时,过去分词如果同时表被过去分词如果同时表被动和动作完成动和动作完成,常可换用现在分词的被动完常可换用现在分词的被动完成式成式;过去分词如果只表被动过去分词如果只表被动,不表完成不表完成,则不则不可与现在分词的被动完成式换用可与现在分词的被动完成式换用.如如:Discussed(Hav
35、ing been discussed)many times,the problems were settled at last.在讨论了多次之后在讨论了多次之后,问题终于解决了问题终于解决了.(过去分词既表被动又表完成过去分词既表被动又表完成)第三十八页，讲稿共四十页哦3.Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecent_attheendoflastMarch.(07山东卷山东卷)A.hasbeenlaunchedB.havingbeenlaunchedC.beinglaunchedD.tobelaunchedB 第三十九页，讲稿共四十页哦感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第四十页，讲稿共四十页哦