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1、1UnitUnit 7 7 WhatWhats s thethe highesthighest mountainmountain inin thethe worldworld一、一、必背短语必背短语1.最古老的国家之一oneoftheoldestcountries2.随意地做某事feel free to do sth.3.据我所知as far as I know4.最高的山脉the highest mountain5.其他任何一座山any other mountain6.在所有的咸水湖中of all the salt lakes7.绵延run along8.呼吸空气take in air9.面
2、对in the face of10.放弃做某事give up doing sth.11.实现某人的梦想achieve one s dream12.虽然；尽管even though13.出生时at birth14.兴奋地跑过去run over with excitement15.撞到某人walk into sb.16.摔倒fall over17.每两年every two years18.砍伐森林cut down the forests19.濒危动物endangered animals20.处于危险之中be in danger21.大熊猫越来越少fewer and fewer pandas22.的
3、重要性the importance of23.Whats the+形容词最高级+名词 in the world?世界上最.的.是什么？24.one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数最.的.之一25.There be sb/sth doing.有某人/物正在做某25.protect.from/against+doing保护.使不受；防御【教材内容解析】【教材内容解析】SectionSection A A1.1.aboutabout 9,600,0009,600,000squaresquarekilometreskilometres inin sizesize(P.(P.49)49)squ
4、are 用作形容词，表示“平方的”，用于数字后面表示面积。Our new house is 95 square metres in size.2.2.1,0251,025 metersmeters deepdeep.(P.(P.49)49)英语中常见的长宽高的表达方式为：基数词+单位词+形容词(long,wide,high,deep)。The rope is two meters long.3.3.QomolangmaQomolangma isis higherhigher thanthananyany otherothermountainmountain inin thethe world.
5、world.(P.(P.49)49)any other 意为“其他任何一个”，后接可数名词单数，常用于比较级结构中，表示最高级含义，可与“theother+可数名词复数”或者 the others 互换。Peter runs faster than any other student/the other students/the others in his class.4.4.ChinaChina hashas thethe biggestbiggestpopulationpopulationinin thethe world.world.(P.(P.50)50)population 表示“人
6、口”，是集合名词，对人口数量提问时，用 what 而不用 how many/much，population2若作主语，强调整体概念时，谓语用单数形式，强调个体时，谓语用复数形式。Whats the population in China now?The population of this small town is three thousand.More than one fifth of the population of the country are over 60 years old.5.5.TheThe mainmain reasonreason waswas totoprotec
7、tprotecttheirtheir partpart ofof thethe country.country.(P.(P.50)50)protect 表示“保护”时，常用的结构为：protect.from.“保护免受”。Humans should do something to protect the environment.The sunglasses will protect you from sunshine.6.6.AsAs farfar asas I I knowknow,therethere areare nono otherother man-mademan-made obje
8、ctsobjects asas bigbig asas this.this.(P.(P.50)50)as far as I know 意为“就我所知、我认为”，相当于 as far as I am concerned。As far as I know,hell be away from three months.7.7.OneOne ofof thethe worldworlds s mostmost dangerousdangerous sportssportsisis mountainmountain climbing,climbing,andand oneone ofof thethe
9、mostmost popularpopularplacesplaces forfor thisthis isis thethe Himalayas.Himalayas.(P.(P.51)51)“one of+the+形容词最高级+复数可数名词”指在某一个范围内“最之一”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Mary is one of the best students in our class.8.8.EvenEven moremore seriousserious difficultiesdifficultiesincludeincludefreezingfreezing weatherweat
10、her conditionsconditions andand heavyheavy storms.storms.(P.(P.51)51)include 表示“包含、包括”，强调一个整体里面包含一些部分，including 常用作介词，表示“包括”。The book includes eight units.He has many friends,including Tom.9.9.ItIt isis alsoalso veryvery hardhard tototaketake ininairair asas youyou getget nearnear thethe top.top.(P.
11、(P.51)51)take in 意为“吸收”。Do you know how plants take in water?10.10.TheThe firstfirst ChineseChinese teamteam diddid soso inin 1960,1960,whilewhile thethe firstfirst womanwoman totosucceedsucceedwaswas JunkoJunko TabeiTabeifromfrom JapanJapan inin 1975.1975.(P.(P.51)51)succeed 表示“成功”，常用的结构为：succeed t
12、o do sth.或者 succeed in doing sth.“成功做成某事”。The climbers succeeded to get to the top of the mountain in the end.=The climbers succeeded in getting to the top of the mountain in the end.11.11.OneOne ofof thethe mainmain reasonsreasons isis thatthat peoplepeople wantwant totochallengechallengethemselves
13、themselvesinin thethe faceface ofofdifficulties.difficulties.(P.(P.51)51)(1)challenge 意为“挑战、考验”，challenge sb.to(do)sth.表示“向某人挑战做某事”。3He challenged me to play chess.(2)in the face 意为“面对（问题或者困难）”They showed courage in the face of danger.12.12.TheThe spiritspirit thesethese climbersclimbers showsshows
14、usus thatthat wewe shouldshould nevernever givegive upup tryingtrying totoachieveachieveourour dreams.dreams.(P.(P.51)51)achieve 用作动词，表示“达到、完成、成功”。I believe you will achieve your dream in the end.13.13.WhyWhy dodo soso manymany peoplepeople trytry toto climbclimb thisthis mountainmountaineveneven th
15、oughthoughitit isis dangerous.dangerous.(P.(P.51)51)even though 意为“即使、虽然”，相当于 even if，引导让步状语从句。Even though Frank left school at 16,he still became a successful writer.SectionSection B B1.1.weighsweighs5,00005,0000 kiloskilos(P.(P.53)53)weigh 此处作动词，表示“有重”，名词是 weight。The baby weighed about 5 kilometre
16、s.What is his weight?2.2.ThisThis elephantelephant weighsweighsmanymany timestimes moremore thanthanthisthis panda.panda.(P.(P.53)53)“倍数+比较级+than”表示“比大/多多少倍”。The room looks three times bigger than that one.3.3.AtAt birthbirth,a a babybaby pandapanda isis about.(P.about.(P.53)53)at birth 表示“出生时”。The
17、baby weighed three kilometres at birth.4.4.A A pandapanda cancan liveliveupup toto.(P.(P.53)53)up to 表示“达到（某种数量或者程度）”The theatre can hold up to 500 people.【拓展】【拓展】be up to sb.“由某人决定”You can leave today or tomorrow.It is up to you.5.5.PandaPanda keeperskeepers arearepreparingpreparingmilkmilk forfor
18、thethe babybaby pandaspandas breakfast.breakfast.(P.(P.54)54)prepare for sth.“为做准备”They are preparing for the party tonight.prepare.for.“为准备”We should prepare some sweets for Childrens Day.be prepared for“为作准备”The players are well prepared for the match.46.6.AtAt 9:009:00 a.m.,a.m.,theythey findfind
19、 thatthat mostmost ofof thethe babiesbabies areare alreadyalreadyawakeawakeandand hungry.hungry.(P.(P.54)54)awake 用作形容词，表示“醒着的”，反义词是 asleep。Is the baby asleep or awake?7.7.AnotherAnother 300300oror sosolivelive inin zooszoos oror researchresearch centerscenters inin ChinaChina andand otherother coun
20、tries.countries.(P.(P.54)54)or so 意为“大约”，放在数量词后面，表示大约的概念。There are 30 workers or so in the factory.【语法讲解】【语法讲解】（一）（一）基数词基数词I I.基数词的构成。基数词的构成。基数词基数词 1-121-12 是独立的单词。是独立的单词。one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve基数词基数词 13-1913-19 是在个位数后面加是在个位数后面加-teen-teen 构成，其中构成，其中 thirteen,th
21、irteen,fifteen,fifteen,eighteeneighteen 是不规则变化。是不规则变化。thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen整十的基数词整十的基数词 20-9020-90 是在个位数词后面加是在个位数词后面加-ty-ty 构成，其中构成，其中 twenty,twenty,thirty,thirty,forty,forty,fifty,fifty,eightyeighty 是不是不规则变化。规则变化。twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty
22、,ninety非整十基数词非整十基数词 21-9921-99 是在十位数后面加上个位数构成，中间加上连字符是在十位数后面加上个位数构成，中间加上连字符“-”。twenty-one,seventy-six,eighty-eight三位数以上的基数词，百位数和十位数之间用三位数以上的基数词，百位数和十位数之间用 andand 连接。连接。two hundred and one,three thousand five hundred and fourteen英语中没有英语中没有“万万”和和“亿亿”这两个单位这两个单位，在表示在表示“万万”和和“亿亿”时时，把把“万万”念成念成 1010 个千个千，“
23、十万十万”念念成成 100100 个千，个千，“亿亿”念成念成 100100 个百万个百万以此类推。以此类推。10,000：ten thousand100,000:a hundred thousand100,000,000:a hundred million35,845:thirty-five thousand,eight hundred and forty-fiveIIII.hundred,hundred,thousand,thousand,millionmillion 和和 billionbillion 的用法。的用法。hundred,thousand,million 和 billion
24、等表示确切数字时，只用其单数形式；但是在表示不确切数字时，要用其复数形式，并且与 of 连用，表示约数。e.g:1.There are more than three hundred days in a year.一年有三百多天。2.Thousands of visitors travel to the Great Wall every year.每年有成千上万的游客游玩长城。IIIIII.基数词表示编号基数词表示编号5例如：Lesson Five(the fifth lesson)第五课Room 306306 房间Page Twelve(the twelfth page)第十二页Class
25、One,Grade Six 六年级一班（二）（二）形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词比较级的变化规则。形容词比较级的变化规则。I I.规则变化规则变化构成法构成法原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级单音节词+er/estshortshortershortestcoldcoldercoldest以不发音 e 结尾的词+r/stwidewiderwidestlargelargerlargest单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写末尾辅音字母+er/estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest以辅音字母+y 结尾的词，变 y 为i+er/esthea
26、vyheavierheaviestbusybusierbusiest多音节词在前面+more/mostimportantmore importantmost importantbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulIIII.不规则变化不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstoldolder/elderoldest/eldestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furthfarthest/furthe6erst形容词比较级用法。形容词比较级
27、用法。I I.比较级用于两者进行比较，结构为比较级用于两者进行比较，结构为“A A isis 比较级比较级 thanthan B B”。e.g:1.My bike is more beautiful than hers.我的自行车比她的漂亮。2.He works harder than before.他工作比以前努力。IIII.表示两者之间选择表示两者之间选择，用用“which/whowhich/who isis 比较级比较级，A A oror B B？”表示表示“两者之间较两者之间较之一之一”时时，用用“thethe+比较级比较级”结构。结构。e.g:1.Which is nearer to
28、 the sun,the moon or the earth?哪个离太阳更近，月球还是地球？2.He is the thinner of the two.他是两人中较瘦的那个。IIIIII.“越来越越来越”用用“比较级比较级 andand 比较级比较级”结构结构，多音节和部分双音节词用多音节和部分双音节词用“moremore andand moremore 原级原级”。e.g:1.The weather is becoming colder and colder.天气变得越来越冷了。2.She is becoming more and more beautiful.她变得越来越美了。IVIV.
29、表示表示“越越越越”时，用时，用“the+the+比较级，比较级，the+the+比较级比较级”结构。结构。e.g:The more careful you are,the more points you will get.你越细心，得分越多。形容词最高级用法。形容词最高级用法。I I.表示三者及以上人或物进行比较时用最高级，结构为表示三者及以上人或物进行比较时用最高级，结构为“thethe+最高级最高级+in/of+in/of+范围范围”。e.g:1.The picture is the best of all.这幅画是所有画中最好的。2.She is the most beautiful
30、girl in the class.她是班上最美的女孩。IIII.表示在三者及以上之间选择，用表示在三者及以上之间选择，用“which/whowhich/who isis the+the+最高级，最高级，A,A,B B oror C C？”。e.g:Who is the tallest,Tom,Kate or Bill?汤姆、凯特、比尔，谁最高？IIIIII.表示表示“最最之一之一”用用“oneone ofof thethe 最高级最高级+可数名词复数可数名词复数”。e.g:She is one of the most popular teachers in our school.她是我们学校
31、最受欢迎的老师之一。IVIV.形容词最高级前面加序数词，表示形容词最高级前面加序数词，表示“第几第几”。e.g:She is the second tallest girl in our class.她是我班上第二高的女孩。V V.比较级和最高级之间的互换。比较级和最高级之间的互换。例如：He is taller than any other boy in our class.=He is taller than the other boys in our class.=He is the tallest boy in our class.注意比较以下两个句子：Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.（范围之内）=Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan.（范围之外）