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1、课时质量评价课时质量评价(五五)必修第一册UNITUNIT 4 4NATURALNATURAL DISASTERSDISASTERSA 组基础巩固.语法填空A A(2020江西临川九校联考)After college I wanted to make a difference in the world,so I became a volunteer teacher and 1._(send)to Namibia.Honestly,my firstchoice wasnt Africa,but now I am extremely grateful that I had the chance.S
2、o witha group of 2._(equal)eager young graduates,I went on my journey.Schools were quite bare,and the students 3._(have)tiring days,walkingseveral miles to get to school often barefoot.Despite their mountains 4._work at home,few 5._(possession)and little opportunity,these childrenwere joyful,which I
3、 admired.This 6._(be)my first time living abroad in a different culture,simplygetting used to the living conditions was 7._ big adjustment.I had noelectricity,running water,phone or Internet.Imagine there was no air conditioningat a place 8._ the temperature often goes beyond 38 degrees Celsius!Some
4、timesit was just too hot to move.However,I could end each day with a 9._(glory)African sunset.And atnight,I had a lightpollutionfree view of the entire MilkyWay.Before Namibia,I had never thought I would survive in such an environment.My experience awakenedme to not only the limitations 10._(place)o
5、n ourselves,but also our amazingability to adapt.Stepping out of your comfort zone in another culture will certainlymake your life worthwhile.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者大学毕业后到非洲当志愿教师的经历以及作者的感悟。1.was sent考查时态和语态。根据语境可知，主语 I 和 send 为被动关系，且此处讲述过去发生的故事应使用一般过去时，故填 was sent。2.equally考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词，故填 equally
6、。3.had考查时态。叙述过去发生的事，此处应使用一般过去时，故填 had。4.of考查介词。mountains of.为固定短语，意为“大堆”，故填 of。5.possessions考查名词单复数。possession 一般用复数形式，表示“财产；所有物”，由空前的 few 可知填 possessions。6.being考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，分句之间无连词，且两个分句有各自的(逻辑)主语，此处应为独立主格结构，设空处用非谓语动词形式，故填being。7.a考查冠词。adjustment 可作可数名词，此处泛指“一个很大的调整”，应使用不定冠词，且 big 以辅音音素
7、开头，故填 a。8.where考查定语从句。此处为定语从句，引导词在从句中充当地点状语，故填 where。9.glorious考查形容词。此处应使用形容词修饰名词短语，故填 glorious。10.placed考查非谓语动词。此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰 limitations，且limitations 和 place 为逻辑上的被动关系，故填 placed。B BHurricane Katrina was one of the deadliest hurricanes ever to hit the UnitedStates.About 1,833 people died in the
8、hurricane and the floods that 1._(follow)in late August 2005,and millions of others were left 2._(home)along the Gulf Coast and in New Orleans.Katrina formed about 200 miles southeast of the Bahamas on Aug.23,2005.By thetime it made 3._(it)way to southern Florida on Aug.25,Katrina was justa Category
9、 One hurricane.While it caused some floods and two deaths during its firstlandfall,it appeared to be just another hurricane in an 4._(act)hurricaneseason.5._(surprising),Katrina strengthened into a Category Five hurricaneon Aug.28,with winds 6._(blow)at about 280 kph.The National Guard was called in
10、 to help people leave dangerous areas.Thousandslooked for shelter in the New Orleans Convention Centre,7._ was extremelycrowded.Government officials have tried to learn from the disaster and carried out betterenvironmental and communication plans.The Army Corps of Engineers has rebuilt thelevee(堤坝)s
11、ystem,making it 8._(high).The city of New Orleans has improvedpeoples access 9._ disaster information.For example,they have 10._email and text message system called NolaReady that 13,000 people have signed up for.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了 2005 年在美国新奥尔良市发生的超级飓风卡特里娜给当地人带来的巨大痛苦。1.followed考查时态。此处叙述的是 2005 年发生的
12、事情，要使用一般过去时。2.homeless考查形容词。所填的词作主语补足语，对主语 millions of others 进行补充说明，所以用 homeless。3.its考查代词。短语 make ones way to 意为“前往”，此处使用 its 代替主语 it。4.active考查形容词。所填的词作定语修饰名词 hurricane season，所以用形容词形式。5.Surprisingly考查副词。所填的词作状语修饰整个句子，所以用副词形式。6.blowing考查非谓语动词。此处为“with宾语宾语补足语”构成的复合结构。当宾语和作宾语补足语的动词构成主动关系的时候，要使用动词in
13、g 形式作宾语补足语。7.which考查定语从句。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，which 指代先行词 the NewOrleans Convention Centre，在句中作主语。8.higher考查比较级。本句使用比较级表示与过去相比，现在的堤坝更高，故填higher。9.to考查介词。have access to.意为“有权进入，可以使用”，是固定搭配。10.an考查冠词。此处泛指一个邮件和短信系统，email 以元音音素开头，故填 an。.根据提示补全句子1.噪音似乎是从楼下传过来的。(as if)It_seems_as_if the noise comes from downstai
14、rs.2.由于种种原因，许多学生已养成了熬夜的习惯，这对他们的健康有很坏的影响。(effect)For various reasons,many students have got into the habit of staying up late,which has_a_bad_effect_on_their_health.3.为了保持健康，他给自己定了一个规矩晚饭后散步。(make itn.to do.)To keep fit,he makes_it_a_rule_to_go_for_a_walk after supper.4.为何你不让他注意到你因病得太厉害而不能继续工作呢？(too.t
15、o.)Why dont you bring it to his attention that you are_too_ill_to_go_on_working?5.所有的店员都很难相处，这对你们的声誉极其有害。(主语beadj.to do.)All the shop assistants are_hard_to_get_along_with,_which does great harm toyour reputation.B 组能力提升.阅读理解(2020山东日照联考)Rescue workers and thousands of volunteers are not the onlyones
16、 who have won hearts and minds for their heroic efforts in the search for survivorsafter Tuesdays powerful earthquake in Mexico.Fifteen dogs from the navys canine(军犬)unit have assisted this week in the rescue efforts at the sites of collapsedbuildings across Mexico City,where more than 50 people hav
17、e been pulled alive fromthe ruins.Of the canine heroes none is more famous or loved than Frida,a sixyearold whiteLabrador who in her distinguished service has won praise for her ability to detectpeople who have been trapped by various natural disasters.Over her admirable careershe has found 52 peopl
18、e including 12 survivors in Mexico and other Latin Americancountries.This week,Frida and Evil and Echo two Belgian Shepherds that have also beenspecially trained for rescue efforts were sent to the site of the collapsed EnriqueRebsamen School in southern Mexico City.Equipped with goggles(护目镜)that pr
19、otect her eyes from dust and smoke,bootsto prevent damage to her paws while she climbs over rough ruins,Frida took to herwork looking over every part of the ruins.“If Frida detects the presence of a survivor,she is trained to bark to alertrescue workers,but if she detects a corpse,she stops suddenly
20、 before proceeding，”her handler explained.Eleven children were rescued from the ruins at the school,but this time humanrescue workers rather than the dogs were the ones who located them.However,that hasnt stopped Frida from becoming a social media star and reachinga new level of fame this week.Video
21、s and other social media posts that highlightthe work of Frida and her impressive records of detecting people trapped by naturaldisasters spread quickly online.While she has yet to detect anyone trapped in the ruins this week,she and otherrescue dogs are continuing to work tirelessly,searching throu
22、gh spaces that humanscannot reach.With the possibility that there are still people trapped alive,timewill tell whether she adds to her rescue records.1.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Severe Earthquakes in MexicoB.Undertaking Rescue WorkC.People Waiting for RescueD.Special
23、 Rescuers in Mexico2.What makes Frida a social media star?A.Her rescue records and tireless work.B.Her cooperation with the rescue team.C.Her cool appearance with some special devices.D.Her ability to search spaces beyond humans reach.3.What does the underlined word“corpse”in Paragraph 5 probably me
24、an?A.An article of clothing.B.An unconscious animal.C.A dead person.D.A special signal.4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.A.Frida will achieve nothingB.Frida will probably work miraclesC.more dogs will be sent to the areaD.the rest of the rescue will be done by dogs【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章
25、主要讲述了在墨西哥发生强烈地震后，来自海军军犬队的十五条军犬参与了救援工作，其中 Frida 获得了大量关注。1.D标题归纳题。通读全文可知，在墨西哥发生强烈地震后，并不是只有救援人员和成千上万的志愿者参与了救援行动，来自海军军犬队的十五条军犬也参与了救援工作。故选 D。2.A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Videos and other social media posts thathighlight the work of Frida and her impressiverecords of detecting people trappedby natural disasters spr
26、ead quickly online.”可知，使 Frida 成为社交媒体明星的是它的营救记录和孜孜不倦的工作，故选 A。3.C词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“the presence of a survivor”和转折连词 but可推断画线词 corpse 与 survivor 意义相反，其意思为“尸体”，故选 C。4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While she has yet to detect anyone trappedin the ruins this week,she and other rescue dogs are continuing to work tirelessly
27、,searching through spaces that humans cannot reach.”可知，Frida 可能会创造奇迹，故选 B。.七选五HowHow toto ManageManage HolidayHoliday StressStressAs the holiday season approaches,I encourage my patients to ask themselves ifthe glass is half full or half empty.How we manage the holidays may have as muchto do with ou
28、r expectations as our resources.1Your neighbours are throwing a holiday party,and theyve asked you to make allof the desserts.2While you feel very overwhelmed,you feel a sense of obligation(义务)to please others.In situations like these,I advise my patients to take a step back and rememberthat theyre
29、not supermen.Dont let“supposed to do”take the place of what youwould like to do.To reduce pressure,try to keep your life simple by talking withfamily members or friends before making decisions.3It also helps to get prepared for some problems.This goes back to managingexpectations.Prepare for the une
30、xpected and know that some problems are possiblesuch as traffic or forgetting a present for a family member.4The holidays can also be a time of year that brings unpleasant memories such assad events or anniversaries.For some who have experienced abuse,holiday activitiescan lead to unpleasant memorie
31、s.5Make the most of them.Look for easy,social and comforting ways tocelebrate.Get together with family and friends to bake while listening to great musicor to help younger children make crafts for their presents while watching an old movie.These activities can reduce stress and can also be easy on y
32、our budget.A.Remember that the holidays are as short as life.B.It is not a good idea to give in to others requests.C.It is important to be realistic about what you want.D.But you want to spend time with your family baking.E.Spare your time with your family during the holiday.F.This will help you to
33、spend the holidays what you want.G.Most importantly,dont blame yourself for what goes wrong.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。随着假日的到来，有些人感到紧张不安，如何才能愉快地度过假期呢？作者在文中给我们提出了建议。1.C上一句谈到如何度假与自己的实际情况有关，C 项“对自己想要什么实事求是是很重要的”说明了这个道理。空前的“our expectations”与 C 项中的“what you want”对应。2.D上一句中的“邻居让你做所有的甜点”及下文的“尽管你感到特别不知所措，但你觉得自己有义务去取悦别
34、人”暗示着“在假期，你也有自己想做的事情”。故选 D。3.F依据本段首句的“In situations like these”可知，作者提出了应对的建议，做决定之前与家人、朋友交谈，这可以帮助你用自己想要的方式度假。故选 F。4.G上文谈到可能会有一些不愉快的事情出现，与 G 项中的“what goes wrong”对应。5.A下文谈到要充分利用假期，好好享受假期，说明“假期就像生命一样短暂”，故选 A。.完形填空I shall never forget the day when the earthquake took place.It was about 5 oclockin the aft
35、ernoon and I was1to my daughters school.Our plan was to go2together.Id stopped at a3to get some fresh fruit.We like to have somefruit to eat4our swim.I was driving along a high road on the way.5my road was another road which was built like a6.I was hungry so I put the bagof apples7me and started to
36、eat one.8I saw the cars in front of me startto9from side to side.Then my car started to shake!I didnt know what washappening.Perhaps something had10wrong with my car.I drove a little moreslowly and then I11the car and at the same moment the road12onto the carsin front of me.I found myself in the13.I
37、 couldnt move.My legs and feet werehurting badly and I couldnt move them.All round me was14，but above me I couldhear shouts and a lot of noise.Then I memorised what had happened.I had been15an earthquake.1.A.drivingB.leadingC.walkingD.running2.A.shoppingB.dancingC.swimmingD.sightseeing3.A.farmB.shop
38、C.parkD.school4.A.afterB.duringC.sinceD.once5.A.UnderB.AlongC.OverD.Beside6.A.bridgeB.roofC.coverD.top7.A.underB.alongC.insideD.beside8.A.FinallyB.ActuallyC.SuddenlyD.Slowly9.A.moveB.rollC.burstD.jump10.A.beenB.brokenC.goneD.done11.A.parkedB.startedC.movedD.stopped12.A.putB.ranC.fellD.jumped13.A.dar
39、kB.afternoonC.sunD.car14.A.noisyB.dustyC.quietD.bloody15.A.onB.atC.byD.in【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在去女儿学校的路上遇到地震的情形。1.A根据下文中的“I was driving.”可知，“我”正开着车。2.C根据下文中的“our swim”可知，“我们”计划一起去游泳。3.B根据下文中的“get some fresh fruit”可知，在一家商店那里停车去买些新鲜水果。4.A“我们”喜欢游泳后吃些水果。5.C根据下文中的“the road12onto the cars in front of me”可
40、知，在道路上还有一条道路。6.A由下文可知，发生了地震，路塌了，砸到了“我”的车，由此可知“我”开车走的路上方应该是一条像桥一样的道路。7.D“我”饿了，因此把那袋苹果放在“我”旁边。8.C突然“我”看见前面的汽车开始左右摇摆。suddenly“突然”，符合语境。9.A汽车在路上左右摇摆。10.C根据上文中的“Then my car started to shake！”可知，作者认为可能自己的车出了故障。11.D“我”把车速放慢，然后停了下来。12.C根据上文中的“5my road was another road which was built like a.”可知，上面的道路掉了下来。fa
41、ll“掉落”，符合语境。13.A根据上文中的“.the road12onto the cars in front of me.”可推断出“我”被埋在了路下，因此“我”发现自己处于黑暗之中。14.C根据下文可知“我”周围非常安静。quiet“安静的”。15.D根据第一句“I shall never forget the day when the earthquake took place.”可知，“我”遇到了地震。.语法填空Despite many laws and national parks to protect tigers,their habitats continueto be des
42、troyed and they are still hunted.1.(sad),tigers are among themost endangered species in the world nowadays.Altogether,there are no more than5,000 tigers 2.(leave)in the wild.Some think that the tiger is alreadyto the point of 3.(die)out in the wild.There are many reasons 4.this,like habitat loss and
43、 hunting.Over the years,a number of steps 5.(take)to help preserve the tigerpopulation.The Wildlife Conservation Society(WCS)protects wildlife and habitats.Today WCS is carrying out work in 53 nations across the world,protecting6.great variety of species from butterflies to tigers.In 2010,WCS starte
44、d TigersForever,7.aim was to increase the number of tigers in the world by 50 percentin the next 10 years.To achieve their goals,they are working together withgovernments and other 8.(organise)which are willing to take strong andeffective measures to protect tigers and other wild species.Right now t
45、he tiger population 9.(increase)under this programme in Indiaand in Far East Russia.Thanks to the hard work of WCS,these large cats have a chanceof survival in their 10.(nature)environments and not just in zoos.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。尽管有很多法律和自然公园用来保护老虎，但老虎的栖息地还是不断被破坏，老虎依然遭到猎捕，老虎成了世界上最濒危物种之一。幸运的是，野生动物保护协会正在致
46、力于保护它们。1.Sadly考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词作状语，故填 Sadly。2.left考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词作后置定语，tigers和 leave(留下)之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填 left。3.dying考查动名词。此处应用 die 的动名词形式作介词 of 的宾语，故填 dying。4.for考查介词。此处考查搭配 reason for“的原因”，故填 for。5.have been taken考查时态和语态。此处是句子的谓语动词，根据“Over the years”判断为现在完成时，steps 和 take 之间是被
47、动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填 have been taken。6.a考查冠词。此处考查短语 a variety of“大量”。great 是辅音音素开头，故填a。7.whose考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词“Tigers Forever”在从句中作定语，故用关系代词 whose，故填 whose。8.organisations考查名词的单复数。分析句子结构可知，此处应填名词作为介词 with的宾语，由 other 判断用该名词的复数形式，故填 organisations。9.is increasing考查时态。此处是句子的谓语动词，根据 Right now(现在)判断为现在进行时，population 作整体概念时，谓语动词使用单数形式，故填 is increasing。10.natural考查形容词。此处应填形容词作为 environment 的定语，故填 natural。