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1、2015-2016学年度上学期期中考试高一英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项 （A）Whether you rely on your bike for transportation or exercise, youll enjoy these fun facts on this two-wheeled vehicle.In 1817, Karl von Drais, a German baron, invented a horseless carriage that would hel
2、p him get around faster. The two-wheeled, pedalless device moved by pushing your feet against the ground. The machine became known as the “draisine”, and led to the creation of the modern-day bicycle. The term “bicycle” was not introduced until the 1860s, when it was coined in France to describe a n
3、ew kind of two-wheeler with a mechanical drive.Orville and Wilbur Wright, the brothers who built the first flying airplane, operated a small bike repair shop in Dayton, Ohio. They used their workshop to build the 1903 Wright Flyer. Fred A. Birchmore, 25, circled the globe by bicycle in 1935. The ent
4、ire trip, through Europe, Asia, and the United States, covered 40,000 miles. He pedaled about 25,000 miles. The rest was traveled by boat. He wore out seven sets of tires.In the 1980s, bicycle delivery services developed into an important industry, especially in cities, where the couriers(快递员) earne
5、d a reputation for their high speed and traffic-weaving skills.Americans use their bicycles for less than one percent of all urban trips. Europeans bike in cities a lot more often-in Italy 5 percent of all trips are on bicycle, 30 percent in the Netherlands, and 7 out of 8 Dutch people over age 15 h
6、ave a bike.The Tour de France is one of the most famous bicycle races in the world. Established in 1903, it is considered to be the biggest test of endurance out of all sports. Lance Armstrong, an American cyclist, is the only rider to have won 7 titles after surviving cancer.21. The underlined word
7、 “coined” in the second paragraph can be replaced by _.A. bought B. discovered C. printed D. created22. Who made the most important contribution to the bike?A. Karl von Drais. B. The Wright brothersC. Fred A. Birchmore. D. Lance Armstrong.23. The couriers in the 1980s in the cities preferred the bik
8、e because it was _.A. beautiful and produced no noise B. a symbol of fashion and wealthC. cheap and could be moved about easilyD. fast and rarely affected by traffic conditions （B）Monkeys are very similar to us in many ways. Most have ten fingers and ten toes, and brains much like ours. In fact, Cha
9、rles Darwins theory of evolution says that monkey and humans share a common ancestor. We enjoy watching them because they often act like us, and we also love to use many expressions about monkeys in almost every language. This is why many monkey expressions are about tricky people or playful acts.Mo
10、nkeyshine is one of the expressions to show tricks or foolish acts. The meaning is clear if you have ever watched a group of monkeys playfully chasing each other: pulling tails, stealing food, doing tricks.Monkeying around with something means that you do not know what you are doing. When you feel l
11、ike doing something but have no firm idea of what to do, you are monkeying around. It is just a way to pass the time.Monkey business usually means secret, maybe illegal activities. You may come across a new report that there is monkey business involved in building the new airport, with some official
12、s getting secret payments from builders.Monkey suits are common names for clothes or uniforms soldiers wear. In earlier years in many American cities, you would find men playing musical band organs on the street. Dancing to the music would be the mans small monkey that was dressed in a tight-fitting
13、, colorful jacket similar to a military uniform. So, people began to call a military uniform a monkey suit. 24. Which of the following is NOT true about the similarities between human and monkey?A. Most monkeys have ten fingers and toes.B. Monkeys have the same brains as humans.C. Monkeys often act
14、like humans in many ways.D. Monkeys are humans closest relatives in species.25. According to the passage, an idle wander on the street can be described as_.A. monkeyshine B. monkeying aroundC. a monkey suit D. monkey business26. Monkey suits are commonly used to call military uniforms because they _
15、.A. are created particularly for soldiers uniforms.B. are originally designed for American soldiers.C. share typical features with military uniforms.D. make American soldiers look like monkeys.27. Most monkey expressions are _.A. used only in western cultures. B. used on some formal occasions.C. abo
16、ut tricks and naughtiness. D. about terrible funny behaviors.（C）The decisions that we make shape us throughout our lives. No matter what decisions we make, good or bad, each one puts us on a new road in the future. Make a bad decision? No problem. Learn from the decision and make another decision to
17、 get on a different path. This is advice that I got from Tony Robbins in his book Awaken the Giant Within. This is a book that I recommend to anyone waiting to develop a fire within to make changes in their life. It helped me to understand how fear of making poor choices was hindering me from becomi
18、ng the great man who I am today. Now I am not saying that I am a well-known person in any particular circle. But I am the king of my castle working hard and trying to make good decisions in regard to the paths that I have chosen. I am a great man in the eyes of my wife and my children. And that is a
19、ll the recognition that I need in my lifetime. And I know that my past failures have been the building block that I continue to build my career and self-image in my community that I live in. Ben Lerer, cofounder and CEO of the Thrillist Media Group, is a good example of this. In an article on the Fa
20、st Company website, Lerer talks about this very subject. He says, ”I have to make some really tough decisions but finally, I think the best companies are those that can recognize when something isnt going right, and fix it, instead of just turning a blind eye because its easier.” Great people make d
21、ecisions. When a decision does not have the desired result, make a different decision. It does not get any simpler than that.28. From Tony Robbins book Awaken the Giant Within, the writer knew.A. making a bad decision is very terribleB. making decisions helps us become a great manC. being afraid to
22、make a bad decision is very naturalD. learning from the bad decision can help make a new choice29. The underlined word“ hindering” can be replaced by .A. stopping B. stealing C. preserving D. requiring30. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. A bad decision has a bad effect on peopleB. The
23、 best company can admit and correct a bad decisionC. People should learn how to make a good decisionD. Making a decision is much simpler than changing one31. What could be the best title of the passage?A. Overcome Your Fears B. Take Action C. Make decisions D. Trust Yourself（D）What about the effect
24、of long working hours on your weight? A new paper, written by Joelle Abramowitz, an economist, has some surprising results. She starts out by showing a simple graph: those who work longer are easy to be bigger. That seems interesting, but is not as good as expected. After all, there may be other fac
25、tors that mean that hardworking people tend to be overweight. So Ms Abramowitz uses regressions(回归), which allows her to control a variety of other factors, like income. Her results have a few surprises: those with a college degree are likely to be slimmer(苗条). Rather depressingly, marriage results
26、in women getting thinner, but men fatter. She shows that for workers in “non-strenuous(不繁重的）” jobs, like secretarial work and accountancy, ten additional hours spent working per week are connected with an increase in body size index 0.4 for women and 0.2 for men. That translates, on average, into an
27、 increase of 2.5 pounds and 1.4 pounds respectively(各自地). Unsurprisingly, for those whose jobs require a bit of physical effort, the effect no longer holds. So why do long hours result in weight gain? Only 20% of American jobs are even mildly stressful, compared to 50% in 1960. In 1960, a tenth of t
28、he American workforce was involved in agriculture, but today its more like 1%. More time at the desk means less movement. Busy people may have less time to prepare good meals, instead choosing a take-away. ( management consultants, in my experience at least, tend to be rather knowledgeable about fan
29、cy restaurants near them). They exercise less. And workaholics sleep less: inadequate shut-eye is associated with weight gain.Women gain more weight than men, Ms abramowitz reasons, because they tend to replace work for health-improving activities like exercise. However, men are pretty sedentary, wh
30、ether or not they work long hours. So maybe desk-jobbers should include a bit of physicality in the daily hard work. Standing up while working is one choice.32. What can we know about Joelle Abramowitzs graph?A. The author thinks its puzzling. B. Many people dont think its good. C. It includes many
31、factors on fatness D. It shows people working long put on more weight.33. What kind of people tends to put on weight according to the passage?A. People who feel depressed. B. People who have college degrees.C. People who work on secretarial work.D.people who often eat in fancy restaurants34.Compared
32、 to the past, _. A. Americans are fatter because of lack of exercise B. Americans are fatter because of improvement of life C. Americans become fatter because of less stressful work D. Americans men are more likely to put on weight than women.35. Whats the meaning of the underlined word “sedentary”
33、in paragraph 5?A.Hard-working. B. Inactive C. Thoughtful D. Changeable 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nowadays, many people love to travel. It is very common for people to go on a trip at any time. 36 Perhaps, the reason for its present popularity is that more people h
34、ave come to realize the benefits of traveling. Traveling provides a good many opportunities for fun, adventure and discovery. When we visit other countries, we gain a better understanding of the people living there. We learn their cultures, history and background. We discover the similarities they h
35、ave with us. 37 It is interesting to learn from people with different backgrounds.Traveling helps to enrich our lives. 38 When we visit interesting places, we discover and learn many things. We discover new people, surroundings, plants and animals. If we want to make our travel more exciting and cha
36、llenging, we can plan our own tour and select the specific places we want to visit.Traveling is refreshing. It is a psychological necessity, especially for people who have stressful jobs. 39 Staying at home during the weekend is not enough to make some people feel relaxed. 40 It helps them to handle
37、 the stress they experience at work better. After the break, they feel more energetic in their work. For many working adults, regular getaways help them keep their energy and enthusiasm they require for their work. Without these breaks, they may suffer from work burnout.A. Years of hard work finally
38、 pay off.B. We also get to know their differences from us.C. It increases our knowledge and widens our vision.D. Some even consider traveling as part of their lifestyle.E. In todays society, many people suffer great stress at work.F. Taking periodic (定期的) trips produces better results for them.G. It
39、 is indeed a joyful thing to share the experience of a special trip with others.第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My grandmother was always encouraging me to set goals and work hard to achieve them. She would tell me not to be a followe
40、r and not to set 41 on what I could achieve. She 42 believed that there were no limits that you could 43 whatever you wanted.I would never forget the following story that she once told me：A farmer won first 44 at the country fair for his huge radish (小萝卜) that was the exact shape and 45 of a milk bo
41、ttle.Many were 46 as to how the farmer was able to grow this radish that was the exact shape of a milk bottle. 47 one gentleman went up to the farmer and asked the question. The farmer replied, “ It was 48 . I got the seed growing and then I put it into the milk bottle. It had 49 else to go.”You can
42、 use this story as an analogy (比喻) to lifeour lives are 50 by the kind of surroundings we place ourselves in, the people that we allow to 51 us, and the goals we give ourselves.If we only 52 and take no action, then we get no further. But if we 53 , set a goal and take action, then our life takes a
43、54 shape.Goals and actions can help us accomplish more in a year than what some people will accomplish in a lifetime. To prove this 55 , read the biographies of 56 people and you will see that goals and actions 57 played a big role in their success.Remember the 58 of Mary Kay Ash, who said, “Dont li
44、mit yourself. Many people limit themselves to what they think they can do. You can go 59 your mind lets you. Whatever you believe, remember, you can achieve.”In summary, dont put yourself in a bottle; in other words, move out of what is 60 and secure if you want to move forward.41. A. expectations B
45、. rules C. limits D. lines42. A. truly B. naturally C. tightly D. partly43. A. win B. grasp C. realize D. achieve44. A. remark B. prize C. position D. award45. A. size B. length C. weight D. height46. A. doubtful B. worried C. anxious D. curious47. A. Immediately B. Gradually C. Finally D. Actually4
46、8. A. strange B. easy C. funny D. secret49. A. nowhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. anywhere50. A. shaped B. formed C. controlled D. improved51. A. understand B. help C. influence D. contact52. A. dream B. refuse C. doubt D. change53. A. struggle B. insist C. continue D. plan54. A. beautiful B. different C. solid D. clear55. A. theory B. lesson C. point D. evidence56. A. successful B. brave C. friendly D. careful57. A. as usual B. above all