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1、精品word 可编辑资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - -2021 英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案PARTIIILANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A、 B、 C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO
2、.11. The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo ancient Egypts first attempt to build a smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to have beenB. was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD. is believed to be12. U.S. News rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking t
3、o apply to university campus.A. maintainsB. is maintainingC. maintainedD. has been maintaining13. He was lured into a crime he would not have committed.A. actuallyB. accidentallyC. otherwiseD. seldom14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of mountains behind th
4、e apple orchard.A. blue hazy VirginiaB. hazy blue VirginiaC. Virginia hazy blueD. Virginia blue hazy15. I long to alleviate 、 but I cannot.A. the evilB. evilC. evilsD. an evil第 1 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 可编辑资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - -16. Indeed、 it is arguable that body shattering is the
5、very point of football、 as killingand maiming .A. warB. are warC. of warD. are of war17. At 、 photography is a chemical process、 during which a light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.A. its most basicB. its basicC. the most basicD. the basic18. She hired a lawyer to investigate、 o
6、nly to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase“only to learn ”is used .A. to express an intended purposeB. to indicate a high degree of possibilityC. to reveal an undesirable consequenceD. to dramatize a stated fact19. Which of the following italicized words
7、 DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaning.A. I wonder what s behind this change of plan.B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I m getting terriblybehind.D. I suppose I m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.20. My mot
8、her was determined to help those in need and shewould have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses .A. a hypothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating we
9、re first brought to 、 their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A. justice第 2 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 可编辑资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - -B. testimonyC. trialD. verdict22. 、 the most controversialcandidate inthe electioncampaign、 he has been strongly criticized for h
10、is crude comments about women.A. QuestionablyB. ArguablyC. ContentiouslyD. Debatably23. Prices have recently risen in order to the increased cost of raw materials.A. cutB. buoyC. offerD. offset24. The celebrity says in court papers she“has no of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a d
11、ivorce. ”A. recommendationB. recordingC. recollectionD. recognition25. What actuallya good angle or a good selfie overall is rooted in what we consider beautiful.A. consistsB. constitutesC. composesD. constructs26. The school is going the mile to create the next generation of sporting stars thanks t
12、o its unique development program.A. finalB. furtherC. supplementaryD. extra第 3 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 可编辑资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - -27. The teachersunion a lawsuitagainst the districtcalling for repairing “deplorable” school conditions.A. firedB. filedC. finedD. filled28. LastMarchthe a
13、rchaeological team.A. debrisB. ruinsC. remainsD. wreckofa 19 th centurycargoshipwas foundbyan underwater29. Shes worn his designs on occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.A. countlessB. countableC. numericalD. numeral30. Aleadingintelligenceand operationscompanyhas released itsanalysisofworl
14、dwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A. oceangoingB. oceanicC. marineD. maritimePARTIVCLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word
15、on ANSWER SHEET.A. accompaniesB. automaticallyC. coupleD. goesE. indebtednessF. kindG. mannerH. mercifullyI. oneJ. obeyK. renownedL. subscribeM. unknownN. virtueO. widespreadA Few years ago、 a university professor tried a little experiment. He sent Christmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. A
16、lthough he expected some reaction、 the response第 4 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 可编辑资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - -he received was amazingholiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him. The great majority of those who returned a card never inqui
17、red into the identity of the unknown professor. They received his holidaygreeting card、 and they automatically sent one in return. This study shows the action of one ofthemost powerfuloftheweapons ofinfluencearound us the rulefor reciprocation. The rule says that we should try to repay、 in kind、 wha
18、t another person hasprovided us. If a woman does us a favor、 we should do her one in return; if a man sends us a birthday present、 we should remember his birthday witha giftof our own; ifa couple invites us to a party、 we should be sure to invite them to one of ours. By virtue of the reciprocityrule
19、、 then、 we are obligated to the future repayment offavors、 gifts、 invitations、 and the like. So typical is it for indebtedness to accompany the receipt of suchthings that a term like“ much obliged” has become a synonym for“ thank you、” nin the English language but in others as well.The impressive as
20、pect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense of obligation that goes with it is its pervasiveness in human culture. It is so widespread that after intensive study、 sociologists such as Alvin Goldener can report that there is no human society that does not subscribe to the rule.PART VREADING COMP
21、REHENSIONSECTION AMULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passagesfollowed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question、 there are four suggested answers marked A、 B、 C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHE
22、ET TWO.PASSAGE ONE（1） The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establish colonies that were free from the controls that existed in European societies. They wanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kings and governments、 priests and churches、 noblemen and aristocrat
23、s. The historic decisions made by those first settlers have had a profound effect on the shaping of the American character. Bylimitingthe power ofthe governmentand the churches and eliminatinga formal aristocracy、 they created a climate of freedom where the emphasis was on the individual. Individual
24、 freedom is probablythe most basic of all the American values. By freedom、 Americans mean the desire and the ability of all individuals to control their own destiny without outside interference fromthe government、 a ruling noble class、 the church、 or any other organized authority.第 5 页，共 11 页 - - -
25、- - - - - - -精品word 可编辑资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - -(2) There is、 however、 a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americansbelieve they should stand on their ownfeet、 achievingboth financialand emotional independence from their parents as early as possible、 usual
26、ly by age 18 or 21.(3) A second important reason why immigrants have traditionally been drawn to the United States is the belief that everyone has a equal chance to enter a race and succeed in the game. Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution、 no formal class system developed i
27、n the U.S.(4) There is、 however、 a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity: competition. If muchof life is seen as race、 then a person must run the race in order to succeed; a person must compete with others. The pressures of competition in the life of an American begin in childhood and co
28、ntinue until retirement from work. In fact、 any group of people who does not compete successfully does not fitinto the mainstream of American life as well as those who do.(5) A third reason why immigrants have traditionallycome to the United States is to have a better life. Because of its abundant n
29、atural resources、 the United States appeared to be a “land of plenty where millionscould come to seek their fortunes. The phrase “going from rags to riches” became a slogan for the American dream. Many people did achieve material success. Material wealthbecame a value to the American people、 and it
30、also became an accepted measure of social status.(6) Americans pay a price、 however、 for their material wealth: hard work. Hard work has been both necessary and rewarding for most Americans throughout their history.In some ways、 material possessions are seen as evidence of peoples abilities. Barry G
31、oldwater、 a candidate for the presidency in 1964、 said that most poor people are poor because they deserve to be. Most Americans would find this a harsh statement、 but many might think there was some truth in it.(7) These basic values do not tell the whole story ofthe Americancharacter. Rather、 they
32、 should be thought of as themes、 as we continue to explore more facets of the American character and how it affects life in the United States.41. Para.4 seems to suggest that .A. Americans are born with a sense of competitionB. the pressure of competition begins when one starts workC. successful com
33、petition is essential in American societyD. competition results in equality of opportunities42. Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in explaining American values.A. ComparisonD. Cause and effectC. DefinitionD. Process analysisPASSAGE TWO第 6 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 可编
34、辑资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - -(1) TheNobelsare the originals、ofcourse. AlfredNobel、 the man whoinventeddeadlyexplosives、 decided to try and do something good with all the money he earned、 and gave prizes to people who made progress in literature、 science、 economics and perhaps most importantly peace.
35、(2) Not all rewards are as noble as the Nobels. Even though most countries have a system of recognizing、 honoring and rewarding people who have done something good in their countries、 thereare now hundreds of awards and award ceremonies for all kinds of things.(3) The Oscars are probably the most fa
36、mous、 a time for the (mostly) American film industry to tell itself how good it is and an annual opportunity for lots of big stars to give each other awards and make tearful speeches. As well as that there are also the Golden Globes、 evidently for the same thing.(4) But it s not only film-sthere are
37、 also Grammies、 Brits、 the Mercury Prize and the MTV formusic. In Britain、 a writer who wins the Booker Prize can expect to see theirdifficult、 literary novelhit the bestseller lists and compete withthe Da VinciCode for popularity.The Turner Prize is an award for British contemporary artists each ye
38、ar it causes controversy by apparently giving lots of money to artists who do things like displaying their beds、 putting animals in glass cases or this year building a garden shed.(5) Awards don t only exist for arts. There are now awards for Sports Personality ofthe Year、 for European Footballerof
39、the Yearand WorldFootballerof the Year. Thisseems verystrangesometimes awards can be good to give recognition to people who deserve it、 or to help people who don t make a lot of money carry on their work without worrying about finances、 but professional soccer players these days certainly aren t sho
40、rt of cash.(6) Many small towns andcommunities all over the world also have their own award ceremonies、 for local writers or artists、 or just for people whohave graduated from high school or、 got a universitydegree. Even the British Council has its own awards for“ Innovation in English Language Teac
41、hing”.(7) Why have all these awards and ceremonies appeared recently. Shakespeare never won a prize、 nor did Leonardo Da Vinci or Adam Smith or Charles Dickens.(8) It wouldbepossibletosay、however、thatinthepast、 scientistsand artistscouldwin “patronagef”orm rich people a king or a lord would give the
42、 artists or scientists money to havethem paint their palaces or help them develop new ways of making money. With the change in social systems across the world、 this no longer happens. A lot of scientific research is now either funded by the state or by private companies.(9) Perhaps award ceremonies
43、are just the most recent phase of this process.(10) However、 there is more to it than that. When a film wins an Oscar、 many more people will go and see it、 or buy the DVD. When a writer wins the Nobel Prize、 many more people buy their books. When a group wins the MTV awards、 the ceremony is seen by
44、hundreds of thousands of people across the world. The result. The group sells lots more records.第 7 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 可编辑资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - -(11) Most award ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies. This means that it is not only the person who wins the
45、 award who benefits-butalso the sponsors. The MTV awards、 for example、 are great for publicizingnot only music、 but also MTV itself.(12) On the surface、 it seems to be a “ Win-win ”situation、 with everyone being happy、 but let meask you a question how far do you think that publicityand marketing are
46、 winninghere、 and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place.43. What is the author s tone when he mentions awards such as the Oscars、 the Golden Globes and Grammies (Paras. 3 & 4)A. Amused.B. Appreciative.C. Sarcastic.D. Serious.44. According to Para. 4、 what would happen to award winning writ