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1、8AU4 Grammar&Integrated skills新课讲解Grammar（一）祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。1. 肯定的祈使句(1) 动词原形+其他Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。(2) Be + adj.Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！(3) Lets + 动词原形Lets go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。2. 否定的祈使句(1) Dont + 动词原形Don
2、t stand up. 别站起来。Dont be careless. 别粗心。Dont let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。(2) Lets (let sb) + not + 动词原形Lets not say anything about it. 对于这件事，咱们什么也别说。Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。3.祈使句的反意疑问句(1)肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或wont you。Please open the door, will/ wont you? 请把门打开，好吗？(2)否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问
3、部分只用will you。Dont be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？(3)以lets开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。Lets turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？【特别注意】只有以lets开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we，而let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you或wont you.如：Let us stay here, will/ wont you? 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？（二）should, ought to和had better1、掌握基本用
4、法had better，should，ought to 含义及语气有所不同，请看下表：情态动词含义语气备注had better最好最弱Should 与ought to常可通用should应该较强ought应该较强2、should和ought to均为提建议型情态动词,可表示“责任”、“义务”，常用来劝告别人去做某事，译为“应该”，还勇于纠正某人的错误。 其特点是：和另一个动词共同构成谓语，没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形可以表示现在、将来或过去将来，由时间状语或上下文决定。例如：We ought to be more careful with our homework.我们应当更加认真地做作业
5、。You should follow Mr. Wangs advice. 你应当听王老师的话。she should be back tomorrow.它应该明天回来。I ought to do my homework now.我应该现在就做作业。Whats wrong with my answer? It should be 62,not 26.我的答案出了什么错误？它应该是62，不是26。(1)、陈述句肯定形式：I/You/He /She/We/They should discuss it. ought to discuss it.否定形式：I/You/He /She/We/They sho
6、uld not(shouldnt) discuss it. ought not (oughtnt) to discuss it.(2)、一般疑问句：Should We discuss it now?Ought we to 简略回答：Yes , we should /ought to .No, we shouldnt /ought not (oughtnt) to.(3)、反意疑问句:You should study hard, shouldnt you? 你应该认真学习，是吗？You ought to study hard, oughtnt you?He shouldnt speak in c
7、lass, should he? 你上课不应该讲话，是吗？He oughtnt to speak in class, ought he?3、should和ought to +have done（一）should/ought to + have done 意为本来应做但实际没有做，表达遗憾的感情色彩。 例如：There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You ought to have come, but why didnt you? （二）shouldnt / oughtnt to have done，意为本来不应做但实际已做，表达遗憾的感情色彩。
8、例如：I was really anxious about you. You shouldnt have left home without a word. 4、should和ought to +be doing ，表示“应该在（立即）”例如：You oughtnt to be talking so much.你不应当说这么多话。They felt they ought to be doing something.他们感到他们应该做点什么事。5、had better表示最好had better 作为情态动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。I/You/He /She/We/They had
9、 better go to bed early.I/You/He /She/We/Theyd better go to bed early.(缩写)(1) 陈述句肯定形式：had better do sth You had better go there at once. 你最好立即去那里。否定形式had better not do sthYou had better not start at this time. 此时你最好别出发。(2) 一般疑问句：Had he better start early at once? 他最好立即出发吗？Yes ,he had./ No, he hadnt.
10、(3) 反义疑问句：You had better not go home, had you? 你最好别回家，是吗？She had better water the flowers as soon as possible，hadnt she？她最好尽快给花浇水，不是吗？【课堂练习】一、单词拼写1. Are you (清楚) about our plan?2. Pass me the (剪刀), please.3. -Wheres your dad? -He (修理) his bike over there.4. Please read all the (指示) before you take t
11、he medicine.5. Tell me (准确地) where he is.6.The young parents want to (装饰) the room for the baby . 7. My dad is c about football. He is a football fan .8. Something (可怕的) happened to the village .9.The (水管) was broken ,and my room was f with water . 10. Suzys cousin has to take a c in DIY. He isnt go
12、od at it .11. There are many (架子) in the supermarket.12.He (曾经) lived in Shanghai13. Thousands of people a the great mans funeral (葬礼). 14. C the tomatoes in two halves with the knife.15. A large bouquet (花束) of r arrived on her desk.二、单项选择( ) 1. I dont like this pair of glasses at all. Please show
13、me .A. the other oneB. the other pairC. another oneD. another pair( )2. -Is Mr. Read really very ill? - . Hes in hospital.A. I hope so. B. No, he isnt C. I dont think so D. Im afraid not( )3.-Can you help me repair the bike? - . Come and get it in half an hour.A. No problem B. Im sorry I cant C. Not
14、 at all D. Its a pleasure( )4.There more cars now in our country.A. have B. are C. is D. has( )5. Youd better computer games too much.A. not to play B. play C. not play D. dont play( ) 6. I thought that you from Shanghai.A. are B. were C. will be D. was( ) 7. Youd better too much time playing comput
15、er games.A. dont spend B. not to spend C. to not spend D. not spend( ) 8. Please the cup water. A. fill, in B. full; in C. fill; with D. full; with( ) 9. -My recorder is broken. Could I use yours?- , but you have to return it tomorrow.A. Im not sure B. No problem C. Im sorry InterestedD. I hope so(
16、)10. Tom Mary speaks good Chinese, so they can communicate with these Chinese students very well.A. Neither, nor B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. Either; orIntegrated skill要点讲解1. cut 动词， 意为“切，割”，其现在分词为cutting , 过去式为 cut.My mother cut the tomatoes in half. 我妈妈把西红柿切成了两半。cut 常见词组：cut down 砍倒 cut o
17、ff 分开 切断 cut open 割开 cut in 插嘴例：If farmers _trees and forests, giant pandas_nowhere to live.A. cut down: have B. will cut down; will haveC. will cut down; have D. cut down; will have2. Pieces of 是a piece of 的复数形式。 不可数名词不可以直接用数次修饰， 但可以用像pieces of 这样的量词修饰。 有类似的用法还有a pair of 一对， 一双 a bottle of 一瓶Wheres
18、 that piece of metal? 那块金属板在哪儿？Please give me a piece of bread. 请给我一片面包3. Please dont give up 请不要放弃Give up 意为放弃，同义词为stop. 后接名词，代词或动名词作宾语。give up doing sth= stop doing sthHe gave up smoking= He stopped smoking. 他戒了烟。It was a difficult time for the quake-hit victims in Yaan, but they didnt hope.A. Giv
19、e upB. Give offC. Give inD. Give out.4. should 和 had better 的用法情态动词should 常用来表示劝告，建议或义务，意思是“应该”， 可用于各种人称，其语气比must， ought to 委婉。 后接不带to 的动词不定式。 此外，should还可表示合理的推论，意思是“应该，理应”You drive your car so fast, its very necessary.A. wouldnt B shouldnt C couldnt D mightnt 5. mix 作为动词，意为“混合”， 其第三人称单数形式为mixes, 它的
20、形容词形式是 mixed. 常用短语为 mix with “把东西混合起来” 和mix up “ 弄错，弄混“Oil does not mix with water 油和水不能混合His explanation just mixed me up more 他的解释令我更加糊涂了6. add 的用法(1) add 表示“加，增加”， 常和介词to 连用，add . To. 把.加到.中去。If you add 4 to 6, you will get 10 四加六等于10(2) add 表示“ 补充（说道）”Mother added that we must get back as soon a
21、s possible. 妈妈接着又说我们必须尽早回来。(3) add to 表示“增加， 增添” 其中to 是介词，后接名词或代词。有时也可用来表示“扩建” “续写”The soldiers were extremely tired and the heavy rain added to their beauty.(4) add.up 表示“把.加起来” add up to.则表示“加起来总和为.”Can you add these ten figures up? 你能把这十个数字加起来吗？7. 祈使句的用法祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末
22、用感叹号或句号，读降调。【课堂练习】一、单项选择1. The TV is too loud. Please .A. turn it downB. to turn it downC. turn down itD. to turn down it2. late again, Bill!A. Dont to be B. Dont be C. Not be D. Be not3. cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.A. Not B. Wont C. Doesnt D. Dont4. Please help me carry it, ?
23、A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we5. Dont make so much noise, ?A. will you B. wont you C. shall we D. do you6. Do you know the girl under the tree?A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood7. Kate, your homework here tomorrow.A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing8. me the truth, or Ill
24、 be angry.A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell9. Ive kept the dog Maomao for a long time.A. Name B. named C. naming D. to name10. Dont you know that is good for our health?A. swim B. swimming C. swam D. swims【课后练习】1. -I hear not only many foreign countries but also China involved in the financial c
25、risis (经济危机) last year.A. isB. areC. wasD. were2. -Would you like another cup of tea? - ? Thanks.A. Do IB. Will IC. May ID. Am I3. -Nice to meet you, Mike. ?-Everything is OK. Thanks.A. What are you doingB. Where have you beenC. How is it goingD. Whats wrong with you4. He heard of a fox, but never s
26、aw .A. thatB. oneC. itD. the one5. We dont know when the meeting . When the meeting , please tell me.A. holds, beginsB. holds, will be begunC. will hold, is begunD. will be held,begins6. -Id like to take a weeks holiday.- . Were too busy.A. Dont worry!B. Dont mention itC. Pardon meD. Forget it7. - H
27、ave you heard of Alexander Graham Bell?- Yes, he invented telephone in 1876.A. B. a C. the D. one8. - Listen! David is talking happily with his mother in the next room.- It be his mother. She has gone to Yushu to be a volunteer doctor.A. should B. must C. cant D. mustnt9. - What are you going to do
28、tomorrow? - I want to have a picnic with my friends it rains.A. if B. although C. because D.unless10. - He was not sure for his mothers birthday. - What didnt he ask his dad for some advice?A. what was he going to buy B. what he was going to buyC. to buy what D. what he is going to buy11. - Did you
29、enjoy yourself at the party? - Yes, Ive never been to one before.A. a more exciting B. the most excitedC. a more excitedD. the most exciting12. - Where does he come from? - Im not sure, but his spoken English Australia.A. suggestsB. soundsC. listensD. smells13. The teacher found him and gave him som
30、e different homework to do every day.A. was clever B. was a clever boy C. a clever boy D. clever boy14. The coat silk looks cool you.A. made of ; in B. made from; onC. made of; onD. made in; in15. - Is this park youve visited recently ? - Yes, its the most beautiful one Ive ever visited before.A. th
31、e oneB. thatC. which D. where16.- When will Han Hans new book ? - Sorry, I dont know. But Im sure it will sell well. A. come on B. come out C. come up D. come over 17. -May I smoke in the room? -Sorry, you .There are so many children here.A. might not B. couldnt C. mustnt D. neednt18. it was for us
32、to hear you play piano at the party！A. What fun; the B. What a fun; the C. How fun; a D. How a fun; 不填19. -Hes never sung English songs before, he? - . Its his second time to sing in English.A. has; Yes B. is; Yes C. has; No D. is; No20.-May we leave the classroom now? -No, you . You to leave until
33、the bell rings.A. mustnt; are allowed B. cant; arent allowed C. dont have to; are allowed D. neednt; arent allowed短文填空 The weekend is usually a time of rest. B 1 todays Chinese students cannot rest during the weekends. According to a survey(据调查), 24% of the junior students in Beijing have classes at
34、 the weekend. Over 40% of the Junior 3 have less t 2 eight hours sleep each night because o 3 too much study. Ji Ping, a junior student in Guangzhou, h 4 to get up at 6:30 am on Saturday. Then she has a whole day of classes. On Sunday she goes to extra classes for math and English. But she doesnt co
35、mplain (抱怨). She says that a 5 her classmates work hard on Sunday. Liu Yang is from Dalian. As a Junior 2 student, his weekends are less busy. But he also spends Saturday in school. On Sunday, after d 6 homework, he plays basketball. He feels happy b 7 he still has time to do the things he likes. A
36、few students are a little luckier. Yang Qing, a Junior 3 student from Zibo, Shandong, is o 8 of them. And she is a top student. During the weekends, she usually gets up at 8:00. Then she s 9 some time doing homework. After that she is free to go shopping or watch TV. “Dont push yourself too much. Le
37、arning well at school is e 10 ,” she said. 参考答案Grammar课堂练习1. clear 2.scissors 3.is fixing 4.instructions 5.exactly 6. decorate 7.crazy 8.terrible 9.pipe filled 10.course 11. shelves 12.once 13.attended 14.Cut 15.roses二、1. D 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.B Integrated skills课堂练习1-5. ABDBA 6-10. CADBB课后练习15 CCCBD 610 DCBDB 1115 AACCA 1620 BCAAB1.But 2.than 3.of 4.has 5.all 6.doing 7.because 8.one 9.spends 10.enough 9