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1、高考一轮复习：选择性必修二 Unit 3 教材串讲提升练.阅读理解ARecent findings have shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception (感知) of the food in front of us. A new study suggested that our short
2、term memory may also play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, peoples hunger levels were predicted not by how much theyd eaten but rather by how much food theyd seen in front of themin other words, how much they remembered eating.This difference suggests the memory of our previous meal m
3、ay have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey MBrunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.“Hunger isnt controlled merely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory
4、 for that meal.” Brunstrom says. “This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought.”These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our bodys response to the food itself. In a 2016 study, for instance, peopl
5、e who drank the same 380 calorie milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hungerrelated hormones (荷尔蒙), depending on whether the shakes label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more fill when they thought theyd consumed a higher
6、caloric shake.1What affects our appetite according to the new study?AHow much we remember eating.BWhat time we eat our last meal.CHow much we eat our last meal.DWhat ingredients the food contains.2The underlined word “echo” in the last paragraph can be best replaced by “_”AindicateBreflectCare suppo
7、rted by Dare improved by3What is the main idea of the text?AGood eating habits contribute to our health.BEating speed often affects our food digestion.CPsychological factors influence our hunger levels.DOur biological need for energy determines our food intake.BUntil last year, Borris would never tu
8、rn down a pork steak.By the time his owner, Annemarie Formoy, entered him in the PDSA Pet Fit Club competition, he was 28kgalmost double his recommended weight.Thanks to a tailored sixmonth diet and exercise, he is now 7kg lighter.Borris, at his heaviest, was not alone.The worldwide rate of pet obes
9、ity (肥胖症) lies between 22% and 44%.The reasons are fairly predictable.Owners of overweight dogs feed them more snacks and table leftovers, are more likely to have their pets present as they prepare their own meals and are less likely to walk them daily.Owners of obese cats tend to use food as a rewa
10、rd and play with them less.But obesity also seems to be occurring even in some wild animals that arent being overfed or underexercised.If these findings are true, something else must be driving obesity and uncovering those could help solve our own problems with the condition.“Labradors are consisten
11、tly the headline act when it comes to overweight dogs，” says Eleanor Raffan, a veterinarian and geneticist.She and fellow researchers discovered that a genetic mutation (基因变异) present in around a quarter of Labradors was associated with obesity.For each copy of the mutationwhich occurred in a gene c
12、alled POMCa dog was about 2kg heavier.Most of the animals the researchers studied had one copy of the mutation, but fewer had two.“These dogs are always in the kitchen when owners are preparing food, sticking around scouring_a_titbit even if theres not much chance of getting food, or eating disgusti
13、ng stuff on walks，” Raffan says.“But theyre not doing that because its fun.Theyre doing it because theyre hungry.”Thats because POMC mutations disturb the brains function of controlling food intake and energy consumption.As a result, the behaviour of these Labradors becomes very foodmotivated.4What
14、is the function of mentioning Borris in the beginning?AStress obesity is common in pets.BShow peoples love for pets.CReveal pets have a superior lifestyle.DIndicate the need for pets to lose weight.5How is paragraph 2 mainly developed?ABy listing figures.BBy giving examples.CBy analyzing causes.DBy
15、making comparisons.6Why are Labradors ranked first among obese dogs?AThey tend to be lazy by nature.BThey all carry POMC genes.CTheir owners often overfeed them.DMany of them have POMC mutations.7Which is closest in meaning to the underlined part in paragraph 5?ALook for something to eat.BTake up th
16、e kitchen.CGet something down.DMake up to their owners.七选五The Slow Food Movement started in Rome, Italy in 1986.When a new McDonalds was opening near a beautiful historic place, some people stood outside the restaurant and shouted, “We do not want fast food.We want slow food！”1_One day Carlo Petrini
17、 went to a restaurant to eat a traditional meal.But the food didnt taste the same as he remembered.He learned that the peppers were shipped from abroad because the prices were low.This deeply concerned Carlo.Carlo wanted people to care about where their foods came from and how their foods made their
18、 culture special.So he started a group to encourage this idea.It soon became the Slow Food Movement.2._First, what is good food? Good food is fresh.The vegetables are eaten close to the place where they are grown.The fish hasnt been sitting for days before it is eaten.Good food is seasonable.3._Good
19、 food satisfies the senses.It should look good, smell good and taste good.And finally, good food is cultural food.Each country has special foods that make it different.Second, food should be clean.Today, there are great concerns about the way people grow and produce food.Farmers use chemicals to kil
20、l insects and feed plants.But the chemicals can also harm the natural environment around farms.4._Clean food means food that does not harm our bodies or the environment.And third, food should be fair.5._All people should be able to purchase healthy food.The people who grow and make food should be pa
21、id fairly for their work.They should work in safe, healthy conditions.AFood should not cost too much money.BIts goal is to have good, clean, fair food for all people.COver time, they can cause health problems in people too.DThat was how the Slow Food Movement came into being.EIt should be grown at t
22、he best time of the year for that food.FToday the Slow Food Movement has already expanded out of Italy.GThis event wasnt the only thing that started the Slow Food Movement.语法填空I once made a serious mistake in my life and I will never forget it. My deskmate is a boy from the countryside, and he alway
23、s admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel 1._(encourage) by his compliments(赞美)One day, 2._ we learned the new word “eccentric” in class, we 3._(ask) to make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it by saying“My deskmate is an eccentric boy 4._ clothes never fit him.” Hearing this,
24、the whole class burst into 5._(laugh) and my deskmates face turned red.6._ class, I learned from the teacher that my deskmate 7._(drop) out of school if he hadnt been helped by others. My mindless words must have hurt him 8._(deep)Not until then did I realize that words could be powerful 9._ both positive and negative ways. What we should always remember is that we should try our best not 10._ (hurt) others if we cant always be encouraging when we speak.参考答案.阅读理解A1-3 ACCB4-7 ACDA.七选五1-5 GBECA.语法填空1encouraged 2when 3were asked 4whose 5laughter 6. After 7would have dropped 8deeply 9in 10to hurt