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1、Unit 4-Section C Developing ideas核心考点回顾【by accident】by accident 偶然; 无意中; 不小心*A caterpillar does not become a butterfly by accident. 毛毛虫蜕变成蝴蝶并不是因为一场意外。*I found this picture by accident, and it reminds me of something in life. 发现这张图片纯属偶然, 它让我想起了生活中的一些事。*This doesnt happen by chance; it happens by desi
2、gn. 这不是偶然发生的, 而是故意为之。*I took your umbrella home by mistake yesterday, which made me embarrassed. 我昨天错把你的伞拿回家, 这让我很尴尬。【语块积累】by accident=by chance无意地by design=on purpose故意地by mistake错误地by means of 依靠, 借助于by no means 一点也不, 决不 【fond】be fond of 爱好, 喜欢*He should be fond of painting, which surprised me. 他竟
3、然喜欢绘画, 这使我感到惊奇。* We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better. 我们非常喜欢我们的高智商, 所以当涉及到脑力时, 我们认为越多就越好。*Its human nature for parents to be fond of their children. 父母爱孩子是人类的天性。【语块积累】be fond of (doing) sth. 喜欢(做)某事be fond of sb. 喜欢某人 【frequen
4、t】frequent adj. 经常发生的, 频繁的*Our factory has frequent contacts with the neighbouring villages. 我们厂和附近村庄经常来往。*She gives frequent performances of her work , both at home and abroad. 她经常在国内外演出自己的作品。*Tourist buses run frequently between the city and the airport during holidays. 假期期间, 观光巴士频繁地来往于市区与机场之间。*Tr
5、affic accidents have decreased in frequency over recent years. 近年来交通事故发生的频率已经下降。【语块积累】(1)frequentlyadv. 频繁地; 经常 (=often)(2)frequencyn. 频率【熟词生义】 *He used to frequent the towns bars and night-clubs.(v. 常到, 常去) 【known短语】be known for 因而闻名*Jingdezhen in Jiangxi Province is known for fine porcelain. 江西景德镇
6、以精美的瓷器而闻名。*Luxun is known as a writer whose novels play an important role in the history of literature. 鲁迅作为一名作家而闻名, 他的小说在文学史上起着重要的作用。*The man was known to the police because of previous convictions. 因为有犯罪前科, 警察们都认识这个人。【语块积累】be known for=be famous for因而闻名, 后接原因be known as=be famous as作为而闻名, 后接身份, 职业
7、等be known to为所知, 后接某些人, 团体或地域 【lack】lack v. &n. 缺乏, 没有; 不足*Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 在19个公认的北极熊亚群中, 3个正在下降, 6个保持稳定, 1个正在增加, 9个缺乏足够的数据。*We discontinued the project because of a lack of funds
8、 . 由于资金短缺, 我们中止了这个项目。*Obviously, he did not succeed for the lack of experience. 很显然, 他因为缺少经验而没能成功。*The young lady seems to be totally lacking in common sense. 这位年轻的女士似乎一点常识都没有。【语块积累】(1)lack sth. 缺少某物(lack v. )(2)lack of. . . 缺少(lack n. )for lack of因为缺少(3)lackingadj. 缺少的, 缺乏的be lacking in 缺少(品质、特点等),
9、 在方面不足【名师点津】(1)lack虽然是及物动词, 但不能用于被动语态。(2)在动词lack后面不要加介词in或of, lack作名词时, 后面常接介词of。 【regard】be regarded as 被视作; 被认为; *Mountains are regarded as spiritual places by many cultures. 在许多文化中, 山被认为是灵魂之地。*Parents should praise childs effort regardless of whether he wins or loses in the exam. 不管孩子在考试中输赢与否, 家长
10、都应该表扬孩子所做出的努力。*The driver had very little to say regarding the accident. 关于这次事故, 司机无话可说。【语块积累】(1)regardv. 认为, 看待regard. . . as. . . 把看作=consider/treat/view/look on. . . as. . . (2)regardlessadv. 不管, 不加理会regardless of不管, 不顾(3)regardingprep. 关于 【shade】shade n. (色彩的)浓淡, 深浅, 色度; 阴凉处; (树)荫; v. 给遮挡(光线); 把
11、涂暗; 画阴影*I count twelve shades of green from where I stand. 从我站的地方, 我数了数有十二种绿色。* We took a nap in the shade of a large tree. 我们在树荫下面打了一个盹。* I tried hard but her work put mine in the shade. 我费了很大力气, 但她的成果让我相形见绌。* You cant look directly into it, and please shade your eyes or close them altogether. 你不能直
12、视它, 请遮住眼睛或索性闭上。【语块积累】a delicate/pale/heavy/soft shade of +颜色 淡/浅/浓/柔和的in the shade of 在的阴影下put sb. /sth. in the shade使(某人或事物)黯然失色; 使相形见绌 【sponsor】sponsor v. 资助, 倡议; n. 赞助者, 发起人, 主办方*The senator announced that he would sponsor the health care plan. 这位参议员宣布他将发起这一保健计划。*A wealthy sponsor came to our res
13、cue with a generous donation. 有个富有的赞助人慷慨捐赠来解救我们。*We dont know who is the sponsor of the research program. 我们不知道谁是这个研究项目的发起人。*The sponsor of the project asked the designer to revise the plan. 项目的主办方要求设计师修改方案。【语块积累】sponsor a meeting主办一次会议sponsor a show赞助一次展览 【比较级】The more time he spent observing these
14、 animals, the more his understanding of them grew. 他观察这些动物的时间越长, 对它们的了解就越深。【句式解构】该句为“the+比较级. . . , the+比较级. . . ”结构, 意思为“越, 就越”。第一个“the+比较级”相当于一个状语从句, 第二个“the+比较级”相当于主句。*The harder you work, the more achievements you will get in your work. 你工作越努力, 你获得的成就就越多。*Usually, the stranger the idea is, the m
15、ore it gets noticed. 通常, 想法越奇怪, 就会得到越多的关注。*The more you practise, the more skillful you will become. 你练习得越多, 就越熟练。【名师点津】the+比较级. . . the+比较级. . . “the+比较级, the+比较级”, 表示在程度上后者随前者的变化而变化, 意为“越就越”。前面的句子用一般现在时, 后面的句子用一般将来时或者一般现在时; 或者前后的句子都用一般过去时。本结构可以用省略形式。例如: The sooner, the better. 越快越好。 【感叹句】What a ma
16、gnificent horse! 多么壮观的马啊! 【句式解构】该句为what 引导的感叹句, 基本结构为What+a/an+adj. +单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)! *What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we would have had a good time together. 真可惜! 你错过了观光, 不然我们本应该在一起玩得很开心的。*What wonderful ideas we have! 我们的想法太棒了! *What bad weather it is! Youd better stay at home. 天气太糟糕了!
17、你最好待在家里。*How beautiful the fresh flowers are! And you must take good care of them. 这些鲜花多美啊! 你一定要好好照顾它们。*How clever a boy he is! He has won many prizes in this field. 多么聪明的男孩啊! 他在这个领域获得了很多奖项。【名师点津】what/how引导的感叹句句式(1)由what引导的感叹句形式: What+a/an+adj. +单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)! What+adj. +不可数名词(+主语+谓语)! What+adj. +可
18、数名词复数(+主语+谓语)! (2)由how引导的感叹句形式: How+adj. / adv. (+主语+谓语)! How+adj. +a/an+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)! 【it作形式主语】It is said that when the Emperor asked Han Gan to take a master of horse painting as his teacher, the artist replied, “I have my own teachers, Your Majesty. All the horses in your stables are my very te
19、achers. ”据说, 当皇帝让韩干把一位画马大师当做老师时, 这位艺术家回答说: “陛下, 我有自己的老师。您马厩里所有的马都是我的老师。”【句式解构】该句为复合句, 句中“it is said that从句”为“it+be+过去分词+that从句”结构。在该结构中, it为形式主语, that从句为真正的主语。*It is said that the scene of sunrise there is very beautiful, but I had never seen it before. 据说那里的日出很美, 但我从来没见过。*It is suggested that stude
20、nts (should) be encouraged to read more printed books instead of e-books. 我们建议学生们应该被鼓励多阅读印刷书籍而不是电子书。*It is reported that the recently discovered painting may be painted by Picasso. 据报道最新发现的绘画可能是毕加索的作品。【名师点津】(1)“it+be+过去分词+that从句”结构是常用的表达。常见的表达有: It is said that. . . 据说It is reported that. . . 据报道It
21、is believed that. . . 人们认为/相信It is hoped that. . . 人们希望表示建议、命令、请求等: It is suggested / ordered / requested / required / insisted that. . . 句型中用“(should)+动词原形”(2)有的“It is+过去分词+that从句”结构可与“sb. /sth. is+过去分词+to do. . . ”结构相互转换。It is said that he lived abroad, but we dont know which country he lived in. =He is said to have lived abroad, but we dont know which country he lived in.