七年级上册英语 预备单元知识点汇总.docx

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1、预备单元知识点汇总Starter Unit 1 Good morning!1 .问候语:Hi!嗨! Hello!你好!Good moming/afternoon/evening! 早上、 下午、 晚上好!Good night!晚安!(用于睡前)How do you do? 你好!注:问候语加称呼要用逗号隔开。例:Hi, Bob! Hello, Cindy! Good morning, Helen!2 .英文名分男女:男(Bob, Dale, Eric, Frank)女(Alice, Cindy, Grace, Helen). How are you? “你好吗? /你的身体怎么样? ” 回答:

2、Fm fine, thanks./Fm OK. /Fine. 一般再礼貌性反问一句How are you?或And you? “你呢? ”例:A: How are you?8: Tm fine, thanks. And you?A: Tm OK.3 . thanks=thank you “ 谢谢”例:Thank you.“谢谢你。答:Thats all right,“不客气。”Starter Unit 2 Whats this in English?1. in English “用英语”What9s this in English? 这用英语怎么说? 回答:Ifs a/an .What9s t

3、hat in English?那用英语怎么说? ” 回答:Its a/an this “这个”指近处that “那个”指远处whats二what isits二it isa, an不定冠词,用于单数可数名词前,表泛指,意为“一”a用于辅音音素前,an用于元音音素前例:This is a jacket. That is an orange,”这是一件夹克,那是一个橘子。”Spell it, please.=Please spell it.请拼写它。”Can you spell it, please? “你能拼写它吗? How do you spell it?你怎样拼写它?” please “请”置

4、于句末,用逗号隔开spell “拼写”回答时每个字母都要大写,中间要有连字符例:问:How do you spell pen? 答:P-E-N.Starter Unit 3 What color is it?l.Whatcolorisit? 它是什么颜色? ”答:I/s +颜色.例:What color is your pen? “你的笔是什么颜色? ”答:Its black.2. color n颜色;皿给涂色”例:Please color the quilt red. “请把被子涂成红色。”red yellow green blue black white purple brown 色;ad

5、jj色的”(orange 橙色 pink 粉色 gray 灰色 golden 金色)作形容词时,用来修饰限定名词 例:This is a red pen. “这是一只红色的笔。”the定冠词,用于名词前,表特指,意为“这(个/些);那(个/些)”例:What color is the key? 这把钥匙是什么颜色? ”答:The key is yellow. “这把钥匙是黄色的。”元音字母:Aa Ee li Oo Uu疑问式和简略答语Ami. . ?Yes, you are.No, you are not.Are we. . . . ?Yes, we/you are.No, we/you ar

6、e notAre you. . . . ?Yes, I am.No, I am not.Are you. . . . ?Yes, we are.No, we are not.Is he/she/it. . . . ?Yes, he/she/it is.No, he/she/it is not.Are they. . . . ?Yes, they are.No, they are not.2)动词do肯定式否认式I like.You like.He/She/It likes.We/You/They like.I do not (don9t) like.You do not (dont) like

7、.,.He/She/It does not (doesnt) likes.We/You/They do not (dont) like.疑问式和简略答语Do I like oranges?Yes, you do.No, you do not(dont)Do we like oranges?Yes, we/you do.No, we/you do not(dont)Do I like oranges?Yes, you do.No, you do not(dont)Do we like oranges?Yes, we/you do.No, we/you do not(dont)Do you lik

8、e oranges?Yes, I do.No, I do not(dont) Do you like oranges? Yes, we do.No, we do not(dont)Does he/she/it like oranges?Yes, he/she/it does.No, he/she/it does not.Do they like oranges?Yes, they do.No, they do not(don5t)当主语是第三人称单数时,动词形式有以下几种变化:规那么动词原形第三人称单数形式一般动词在词尾加-s,在清辅音后读/s/, 在浊辅音或元音后读/z/,在t后读/ts/,

9、在 d后读/dz/。help like swim listen know Play get findhelps /helps/ likes /laiks/ swims /swimz/ listens /lisonz/ knows /nouz/ plays /pleiz/ gets /gets/ finds /faindz/以字母s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词加-es,读/iz/o如果动词原形词尾已有e,那么加So以。结尾的动词也加-es,读/z/。teach goteaches goes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先边y为*1,再加-es,读/z/。studystudiesUnit6 Do

10、you like bananas?1. like喜欢1) like sb. / sth.喜欢某人/某物2) like to do sth.喜欢/想要做某事(表一次性或特指的某一具体的动作)3) like doing sth喜欢做某事(表习惯性的动作或爱好)eg:我喜欢每天打篮球。I like playing basketball every day.eg:今天很冷,我喜欢呆在家里。Today is cold, I like to stay at home.2. Do you like bananas?你喜欢香蕉吗?可数名词可用复数表示一类人或事物。3. 名词的分类1)名词分为“专有名词和普通名

11、词两大类。专有名词是个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名 称,如:Gina, Chinao专有名词的第一个字母要大写。2)普通名词又可分为下面四类:个体名词:表示某类人或东西中的个体。如:pen, student, appleo集体名词:表示假设干个体组成的集合体。如:family, class0物质名词:表示无法分为个体的物质。如:water, broccoli等。抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、情感等。如:work, h叩piness等。个体名词和集体名词都是可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词都是不可数名词。3)有些名词既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词,但意义不同,要注意区分。glass C.杯子U.玻

12、璃 orange C.橘子U.橘汁还有表示动物类的名词,表示动物时是可数名词,作为菜肴时是不可数名词。chicken C.小鸡 U.鸡肉;fish C.鱼 U.鱼肉salad, ice cream, food, fruit作总称讲是不可数名词,作种类讲是可数名词。eg: She likes hamburgers, salad and apples.eg: a salad of tomatogood / well1) good adj. “好的”,常用来修饰名词,也可放在系动词后做表语。eg: a good student 位好学生 That sounds good.(表语)welladj“好的

13、 “健康的(指身体好)adv好”常用来修饰动词,放在动词之后。 eg: He doesnt feel well.他感觉不舒服。eg: He learns English well.他英语学得好。4. 许多1) lots of = a lot of 修饰可数或不可数名词。eg: lots of / a lot of bananas lots of / a lot of water2) many 修饰可数名词eg: many boys many bananas3) much 修饰不可数名词eg: much water much broccolithink about 思考;考虑5. sports

14、star体育明星sport作修饰语时通常用复数形式。如:sports meeting运动会;sports shoes运动鞋ask sb about sth.询问某人关于某事的情况eg: He asked me about the meeting.他问我关于运动会的一些情况。6. What do you like for breakfast?你早餐喜欢(吃)什么?7. For breakfast, she likes eggs, bananas, and apples,=She likes eggs, bananas, and apples for breakfast.她早餐喜欢吃鸡蛋,香蕉和苹

15、果。sb like.for +某餐=For+某餐,sb. like(某人某餐喜欢吃什么)one last question 最后一个问题12.1 don want to be fat 我不想变胖。want to be”想要成为;想要变得,动词be后接形容词或名词。eg: Do you want to be a teacher?你想成为一名老师吗? I don、want to be old!我不想变老!Unit7 How much are these socks?1. 询问价格-How much is + 单数商品? - It,s + 钱-How much are + 复数商品?-They5re

16、 + 钱- Whats the price of + 商品? - Its + 钱2. how many/how much询问数量 how many + 可数名词,how much + 不可数名词1)你有多少苹果? How many apples do you have?2)你想要多少水? How much water do you want?3. socks袜子,shoes鞋,shorts裤子,trousers裤子等都是成双成对的物品,一般以复数形式出 现,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。但它们和apairof (一双、一副或一对)连用作主语时, 谓语动词要与pair在数上一冬The shorts

17、 are Tom* 这条短裤是汤姆的。The pair of shorts is Toms.这条短裤是汤姆的。4. 英美等西方国家的货币单位像dollar (美元)、cent (美分)、pound (英镑)、penny (便 士)、shilling (先令)等有单复数变化。我国的货币单位元(yuan) 角(jiao)、分(fen)单 复数一样。表示货币等度量衡单位的词在句中作主语时二谓语动词用单数形式。100 dollars is quite a lot of money for him. 100 美元对他来说是相当多的钱。5. Can I help you?我能帮助你吗?此句是主动提供帮助时

18、的服务用语。它的翻译随着场所的不同而不同。在饭店:你想吃点什 么?在商店:你想买点什么?肯定回答: Yes, please. .否认回答:No, thanks. (.)与 Can I help you?同义的常用表达还有:What can I do for you?/May I help you?/Is there anything I can do for you?6. want sth想要某物want to do sth.想要做某事want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事Here you are.给你。7. It looks nice.它看起来很漂亮。look“看起来;看上去”

19、,连系动词,后接形容词作表语。8. Til take it 我买了。10 .表感谢的用语:Thank you / Thank you very much / Thanks / Thanks a lot / Many thanks. 回答感谢的用语:Thats all right / Thats OK. / Not at all./ You,re welcome./ No problem.11 . Come and buy your clothes at our great sale!我们在大甩卖,快来买衣服!1) come and do sth 来做某事Come and see us.来拜访/

20、看看我们吧。Please come and have dinner with us.请来跟我们吃顿饭吧。2) on sale廉价出售for sale 出售. We sell all our clothes at very good prices.我们卖的所有服装价格都很优惠。at very good prices以合优惠的价格.for的用法1)供用,给的Is this apple for me?这个苹果是给我的吗?Here is a letter for your mother.这儿有你妈妈的一封信。2)作用(表用途)Do you need bags for sports?你需要运动包吗?I

21、need a cup for milk.我需要一个装牛奶的杯子。3)就而言,对于来说For lunch, I like hamburgers and salad.午饭我喜欢汉堡和沙拉。For girls, we have T-shirts in all colors.女孩子们可以买到各种颜色的T恤衫。4)以的价格(表交换、价格)_You can buy socks for only 5 dollars each.你可以买到每双只卖5美元的袜子。5) for oneself 亲自Come and see for yourself.你亲自来看看吧。14. buy sb. sth. = buy st

22、h. for sb.给某人买某物buy my mother a sweater 二 buy a sweater for my mother 给我妈妈买 了 件毛衣 sth 假设是代词,只能用 buy sth. for sb.如:buy it for himhave a look at = look at 看一看Unit8 When is your birthday?1. months 月份January 一月 February 二月 March 三月 April 四月 May 五月 June 六月 July 七月 August 八月 September 九月 October 十月 Novemb

23、er k月 December 十二月2. 基数词变序数词口诀 基变序,有规律,词尾大多加上th。三,特殊t己,first, second, third;八去 t,九去 e, ve 要用 f 替 (eight一eighth, nine一ninth, five一fifth, twelve一twelfth) 遇到整十来结尾,一定将 y 变 ie 再加 th; (twenty一twentieth, thirty一thirtieth)假设是碰上儿十儿,只变个位就可以(twenty-onetwenty-first, thirty-fourthirty-fourth)date of birth (出生日期)

24、=birthday3. Happy birthday!生日快乐!4. 问年龄用how old+be +主语?答:主语+ be +基数词(years old)How old are you?=Whats your age?你多大了 ?Fm fifteen(years old)我 15 岁。1) How old is the baby?这个婴儿多大了 ?He is 10 months old.他 10 个月大。6. When is your birthday?你的生日是什么时候? =Whafs the date of your birth?7. in / on /at 表时间“在”in表在某一周/

25、月/季节/年/世纪等。in 1979 在 1979 年in September 在 9 月份in spring在春天on通常表在某一天或某一天的上/下午、晚上。on September 1st 在 9 月 1 日on a cold morning在一个寒冷的上午1) at通常表在某个点时间。at 8:00在8:00; at 9:25在9:25表时间at on in4)固定词组at dawn在黎明;at noon在中午;at night在晚上;at sunrise在黎明/日出时;at Christmas在圣诞 节;at lunch time 在吃中饭时;at this / that time 在

26、这/那时;at the age of 20 在 20 岁时;on weekend(s)在周末;in the morning / afternoon / evening 在上午/下午/晚上8. See you. / Goodbye. / Bye. / Bye-bye. 再见See you later.回头见;过一会儿见。See you tomorrow/next week.明天见 / 下周见See you then.到时见。9. have a good time = enjoy oneself (oneself 要随主语的变化而变化)=have funThey are having a good

27、 time. = They are enjoying themselves.= They are having fun. 他4正玩得高 兴。10. 各种节日的英语月 1 日元旦(New Year* Day)1 月 14 日情人节(Valentines Day)月 8 日国际妇女节(International Womens Day)3月12日中国植树节(China Arbor Day)月 1 日愚人节(April Fools1 Day)2 月 5 日清明节(Tomb-sweeping Day)月 1 日国际劳动节(International Labour Day)5月4日中国青年节(Chines

28、e Youth Day)月 1 日国际儿童节(International Children* Day)8月1日中国人民解放军建军节(Army Day)8 月 12 日国际青年节(International Youth Day)9月10日中国教师节(Teachers Day)10 月 1 日国庆节(National Day)10月31日万圣节(Halloween)12 月 25 日圣诞节(Christmas Day)5月第二个星期日母亲节(Mother,s Day)6月第三个星期日父亲节(Father* Day)10月的第二个星斯一加拿大感恩节(Thanksgiving Day)11月最后一个星

29、期四美国感恩节(Thanksgiving Day)农历节日农历正月初一春节(the Spring Festival)农历正月十五元宵节(the Lantern Festival)农历五月初五端午节(the Dragon-Boat Festival)农历八月十五中秋节(the Mid-Autumn Festival)Unit9 My favorite subject is science.1) What飞 your favorite subject?你最喜欢的学科是什么? =What subject do you like best?My favorite subject is math.我最喜

30、欢的学科是数学。=I like math best.1)favorite前一定要用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格一起来修饰后面的名词。不可根据汉语意 思而用人称代词如L He等。Whats Ginas favorite subject? Gina 最喜欢的学科是什么?Her favorite subject is math,她最喜欢的学科是数学。favorite(美)亦可拼为 favourite(英)favorite n.最喜欢的人或物(复数形式是favorites)These clothes are my favorites.这些衣服是我最喜欢的。Which color is your fav

31、orite?哪种颜色是你最喜爱的?2. Why do you like math?你为什么喜欢数学?Because its interesting.因为它很有趣。3. How为your day?今天过得如何?Its OK.还行。/ Great!棒极了!4. have+学科:上某一学科的课。have English上英语课have a class / lesson 上课have breakfast / lunch / dinner 吃早饭 / 中饭/ 晚饭have a soccer game举行足球比赛have a school trip开展校外活动have a party举行派对;举办聚会5.

32、 Thats for sure.确实如此。6. be busy with sth / be busy doing sth 忙于做某事Vm busy with my homework. =rm busy doing my homework.我在忙着做家庭作业。He is busy writing a letter.他在忙着写信。7. interesting / funnyinteresting“有趣的”,指引起理性的或智慧的兴趣。fimny”逗乐的;使人快乐的、强调“滑稽可笑的”English is interesting.英语很有趣。I find this book interesting,我

33、发现这本书很有趣。This is a funny movie,这是一部搞笑的影片。8. fromto从到”,用来表述时间、地点等范围。from Monday to Friday 从周一到周五from Beijing to Shanghai 从d匕京至U上海9. for + 一屡时间:表(某个动作或某种状态)持续了多长时间。I played with him for two hours.我和他玩 了两个小时。10. Is that OK with you?那对你来说合适吗?11. If s Tuesday, November 11.今天是 11 月 11 日,星期二。1)日期和星期同时表达时,通

34、常先说星期后说日期。2)句中it用来表示时间。12. be strict with sb.对某人要求严格be strict in sth.对某事(在某方面)要求严格1) Our English teacher is very strict with us.我们的英语老师对我们要求很严格。2) Our English teacher is very strict in our homework.我们的英语老师对我们的家庭作业要求很严格。13. play with.和起玩look, see, watch, read1) look为未及物知词,指看的动作,不一定看见。后接宾语须加at。2) see用

35、作及物动词。后面直接接宾语。“看见,看到”强调看的结果。“看医生”“看电影”常用 这个词。 He looks at the blackboard, but cant see the words.他看着黑板,但看不见这个词。see the doctor看医生 see a Elm/movie 看电影3) watch为及物动词。“观看,注视”指非常仔细全神贯注地看。“看电视”“看比赛”习惯用这个 词。(D watch TV看电视 watch the football game 看足球比赛4) read本义为“读,朗读”,“看书,看报,看杂志”常用这个词read a book 看书;read the

36、e-mail 读这封电子邮件;read a newspaper 看报纸15.辨析 interesting 与 interestedinteresting可作表语,指某人/事/物本身有趣;也可作定语修饰人或物。The book is interesting.这书很有趣。(作表语)I have an interesting book.我有本有趣的书。(作定语)1) interested 用于 be/get/become interested in(对感兴趣)这一结构中。He is interested in playing football.他对踢足球感兴趣。16. on weekends 在周末

37、play the guitar 弹吉他play erhu 拉二胡play chess下国际象棋play soccer 踢足球1)演奏某种乐器,乐器名词前要用the (汉语拼音组成的名词除外)2)球类/棋类运动,名词前不用冠词join / take part in 参力口join多指参加某个团体或组织,成为其中的一员take part in多指参加某项活动,并在其中起一定的作用join the Party 入党;join the army 参军take part in the meeting 参力口会议join in(参加某项活动)= take part injoin sb.加入到某人当中joi

38、n us加入到我们当中17. 辨析 speak, say, talk, tellspeak说”,“讲话”。强调说的能力。作及物动词,只能接某种语言作宾语:speak +语言“说某种语言,作不及物动词,“讲话,发言”She is speaking.她正在讲话/发言。1) say说”,后面跟说的内容。lean say ABC.我会说 ABC.say hello to sb.向某人问好say sorry to sb.向某人抱歉。say it in English 用英语说(它)。2) talk“谈论,交谈”。talk to sb.对某人说话talk with sb同某人交谈 talk about/o

39、n谈论tel告诉,讲述, tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb.告诉某人某事tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人去做某事tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事tell a story讲故事tell a lie 撒谎tell the truth 讲实话Help Wanted 寻求帮助wanted常用于招聘或启事等的标题Teachers Wanted 招聘教师Waiters Wanted招聘服务员be good with sb.和某人相处得好(同义 get on well with

40、sb.)be good to sb.对某人好 My teacher is good to me.be good for. 对有益 Learning English well is good for us.be good at. 擅长Lucy is good at English.20. helpn.帮助Thanks for your help.谢谢你的帮助。1) v.帮助help with sth.帮着做某事 Please help with my homework.help sb. with sth.帮助某人(做)某事 Could you help me with my English?he

41、lp sb.(to) do sth,帮助某人做某事 Could you help me (to) learn English?23 .选择疑问句:用。r连接的可供选择的疑问句。回答选择疑问句不能用yes和no,选择什么 答什么。读选择疑问句时,or前用升调,。后用降调。假设选择疑问句中有三个或三个以上并列 局部,or用来连接最后一局部,前面并列局部用逗号隔开。Can you play the piano, the trumpet, the drums, or the guitar?你会弹钢琴、吹喇叭、打鼓、还是弹吉他?I can play the piano.我会弹钢琴。Which is th

42、e smallest, the sun, the moon or the earth?哪一个是最小的,太阳,月亮还是地球?24 .辨析 little, a little, few, a fewlittle, a little修饰不可数名词;few, a few修饰可数名词。1) little, few表否认含义“几乎没有”,a little, a few表肯定含义“一点儿,少量”. go to school 去上学go to the school 去学校in hospital 在住院in the hospital 在医院里. get up 起床go to bed 睡觉. what time /

43、 when都可对时间进行提问,表示“什么时候what time用来询问具体的时间点;when既可用来询问 具体的时间点,还可用于询问时间段。1)询问动作发生的具体时间时,两者可互换。What time / When do you usually go to school?你通常几点去上学?2)询问钟表示的具体时间时,只能用whattime,不能用when。What time is it?几点 了 ? =What,s the time?3)询问年份、月份、日期等非点时间时,只能用when,不能用whattime。When is the Music Festival?音乐节是什么时候?25 .感叹

44、句感叹句常用what和how引出强调局部,并放在句首,一般情况下,what修饰名词,how修饰形 容词、副词。1) what感叹句的结构为:what+a / an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其他!What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语+其他What a good boy he is!他是一个多么好的男孩啊!What an interesting book it is!多有趣的书啊!What delicious broccoli (it is)!多好吃的花椰菜啊!What beautiful flowers in the garden !花园中的花式多么美丽啊!2) h

45、ow感叹句的结构为:How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!How interesting the book is!这书多有趣啊!How beautiful the flowers in the garden are!花园中的花式多么美丽啊!How well he draws !他画得多好啊!29. People love to listen to him!人们喜欢听他(演奏)。 people“人,人们 集合名词,没有单数形式,作主语时,谓语动词总是用复数。The people there are teachers.那儿的那些人是老师。2) hear / listen to listen to

46、听强调“听”的动作,不一定听见;hear听见,听到“,强调“听”的结果。 Please listen to me,请听我说。I cant hear.我听不见。30. Can you think what his job is?你能想出他是做什么工作的吗?what his job is是think的宾语,因它也是一个句子,故称宾语从句。宾语从句假设是特殊疑问句, 疑问词后面的局部应用陈述句语序。Do you know how old he is?I want to know what your name is.31. best wishes致以最美好的祝愿best wishes to sb.向某

47、人致以最美好的祝愿Best wishes to you.向你致以最美好的祝愿。best wishes for +节日”致以节日最美好的祝愿”Best wishes to you for Teachers9Day.向你致以教师节最美好的祝愿32. 时刻表达法1)顺读法:先说小时数,再说分钟数。8:00 eight (oclock)9:05 nine o five7:15 seven fifteen7:30 seven thirty6:45 six forty-five2)逆读法:先说分钟数,再说小时数 分钟数S30用“分钟数+ past +小时数”来表达(即儿点过了几分)15分常用a quarter(一刻钟,四分

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