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1、Unit EightListening scripts:Brief Introduction to Shaanxi ProvinceShaanxi lies in the hinterland of China in northwestern region. It occupies a total area of 205 800 square kilometers and has a population of 37 327 378 in 2010. The continental monsoon climate makes four seasons distinctly. The capit
2、al city Xian is the leader of the six ancient capitals in China and the head of Four Ancient Cities in the World. Shaanxi, with a long history and profound culture, is the representative of traditional Chinese civilization. Mausoleum of the first Qin Emperor and Qianling Mausoleum have recorded the
3、ancient culture of Shaanxi. The Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang, a huge underground treasure house of sculpture art reflecting the higher artisitc level at that time, is one of Chinas glorious chapters in the history of Chinese culture, known as the eighth wonder of the world.Shaanxi
4、 is one of the earliest regions that carry on the open-door policy. About 3000 years ago, one of its cities Changan began contacting many countries on the political and economic exchanges. The famous Silk Road started from ancient Changan.Shaanxi, the political center in Chinas history and the holy
5、land of Chinese revolution, is widely recognized as the cradle of the Chinese nation and the birthplace of Chinese civilization.Part 1 Lets Listen!Real-time Exercises 1. Fill in the table according to what youve learnt from the passage. General Situation of Shaanxi provincePositionIt lies in the hin
6、terland of China in northwestern regionArea205 800 square kilometersPopulation37 327 378 in 2010Climatecontinental monsoon climateFamous tourist attractionsQin Shihuang Mausoleum, Qianling Mausoleum,The Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses. Give a brief introduction to Shaanxi Province according to what
7、youve learnt. Shannxi province lies in hinterland of China in northwestern region and occupies a total area of 205,800 square kilometers with a population of 37,327,378 in 2010. The continental monsoon climate make four seasons distinctly. The capital city Xian is the leader of the six ancient capit
8、als in China and the head of Ancient Oriental Civilization. Shaanxi is the representative of traditional Chinese civilization. Qin Shihuang Mausoleum, Qianling Mausoleum and The Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses are world-famous. Shannxi is not only one of the earliest regions that carries on open doo
9、r policy but also the cradle of the Chinese nation and the birthplace of Chinese civilization.Part 2 Lets Learn!Real-time Exercises 2I. Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.1. T 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.TII. Answer the following questions according to what youve lear
10、nt.Answers: 1. The guide should get to know the situation and try to find clues; If the loss is confirmed, the guide should inform the travel service and get a certificate from the travel service; With the certificate issued by the travel service, the tourist should report to the local Public Securi
11、ty Bureau for another certificate with the help of the one from the travel service; The tourist go through the formalities of getting a new passport with the loss certificate in the embassy in China; The tourist should apply for another visa with the passport replacement from the local Public Securi
12、ty Bureau.2. The national guide or tour leader should search the lost guest immediately, while the local guide should continue to guide the tour group; The local guide should report to the related departments such as the police station and travel service and check with the hotel to confirm if the gu
13、est has come back; The local guide settles down the aftermath, and then submit the report in details.3. The tour leader or national guide and local guide should help the wounded at first. If not possible, call 120 for help; the local guide reports the case to police and travel service for instructio
14、ns while protecting the accident scene. The local guide comforts the other group members and continues sightseeing activities with them if the accident is not serious. The local guide cooperates with the departments for investigations and the travel service for handling following-up problems. The lo
15、cal guide writes a report in details.4. The local guide shouldnt give the sick tourist any medicine. The local guide should tell the sick tourist to see a doctor and have a good rest, or accompany the sick to the hospital if necessary.5. If the tour group belongs to another travel agency, a guide sh
16、ould first report the case to his travel service and make an apology to the tourists. Meanwhile, he must hand the tour group over to that travel agency. If the tour group belongs to the travel agency that the guide works for, but he/ she is not supposed to be their guide. In the situation, the local
17、 guide may make the best of the mistake by acting as their guide and provide them good service. Part 3 Lets Speak!Real-time Exercises 3 (Omitted) I. Role Play. II. Simulated Acting. Part 4 Lets Read!Real-time Exercises 4.1I. Match the mausoleums in Column A with the corresponding emperors in Column
18、B.Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor - Emperor Qin Shihuang the Xiaoling Mausoleum - Emperor Zhu yuanzhangthe Qianling Mausoleum - Emperor Wu zetianthe Changling Mausoleum - Emperor Zhu Dithe Yuling Mausoleum - Emperor Qian Longthe Dingling Mausoleum - Emperor Wan LiII. Answer the following question
19、s according to what youve learnt.1. Mausoleum is an important part in ancient Chinese architectures. Believing that soul exists after death, ancient Chinese attached great importance to the funeral. 2. Mausoleums have got remarkable development, which are integrated with various art forms, such as p
20、ainting, calligraphy, carving and so on, becoming the synthesis reflecting achievement in many artistic fields. As an important profile of history, the mausoleums could reflect the political thought, philosophy, aesthetics as well as financial resource of the country at that time. The perfect harmon
21、y between natural landscape and man-made construction is unique with Chinese imperial mausoleums, and plays an important role in world civilization and culture.3. How mausoleums were built depends mainly on dynasty-influence, especially the economy, social ideology and interest or taste of the perio
22、d. 4. The forms of Chinese mausoleums have been changing as time goes on. Coffins with exterior wooden enclosure were prevalent before Western Zhou dynasty. Covering large scales and a big mound with a wide base is a typical representation of Qin and Han Dynasty. Tang Dynasty is a peak of building m
23、ausoleums in Chinas history, during which, the mausoleums were built against a mountain. Mausoleums in Song dynasty were smaller and emperors of Yuan Dynasty were buried according to Mongolian customs. Ming Dynasty is another climax of building tombs in Chinas history, Ming tombs are always surround
24、ed by mountains. There is usually a paved path leading to the tomb with stone persons and stone beast on both sides. Many trees, usually pines and cypresses are planted around the mausoleums adding solemn, respectful and quiet atmosphere. Qing Dynasty is the glorious period in the history of Chinese
25、 ancient mausoleum as it added the idea of the harmonious unity of mausoleum construction with nature.5. These imperial mausoleums are well-known in the world for their grandness, extremely skilled craftsmanship as well as the preciousness and abundance of various buried treasures.Real-time Exercise
26、s 4.2. Choose the best answer for each item according to the passage.1. A 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A. Fill in the blanks according to the passage.1. Mausoleum of Emperor Qin Shihuang 2. World Heritage Site 3. underground palace4. Chinese character 5. fantastic wonder treasure housePart 5 Lets Improve!Real-time
27、 Exercises 5. Fill in the blanks with the proper words given below. Change their forms if necessary.1. intelligence 2. developed 3. impressive 4. earliest 5. resemblance. Answer the following questions according to what youve learnt.Answers:1. The manufacture of jade articles was already highly deve
28、loped in Shang Dynasty. In later periods, ancient jade shapes derived from bronze vessels, and designs of painting were used, essentially to demonstrate the craftsmans extraordinary technical facility.2. Jade has been used in virtually all periods of Chinese history and generally accords with the st
29、yle of decorative art characteristic of each period.Sacrificial and auspicious jade articles used in all kinds of ancient rites were generally called “ritual utensils”. 3. The bronze ware is the appliances made of bronze coming into being in Bronze Age.4. Ancient Chinese bronze ware was classified i
30、nto three types: ritual vessels, weapons and daily-used objects. 5. Pottery is made of clay that has been fired at high temperatures. 6. The earliest porcelain ware was found in the Shang Dynasty and got rapid development in Han Dynasty. A large number of porcelain wares in daily use substituted the
31、 ones made of gold, silver and jade during Tang Dynasty. A variety of porcelain styles appeared and became a fashion in Song Dynasty. Well developed in Yuan dynasty, the main stream-Blue and White Porcelain was the symbolized artistic ware in Ming and Qing dynasty. 7. The coins were made variously f
32、rom shells, jade, gold, silver, and paper.8. By the Shang and Zhou dynasties shell money was the oldest coin form. Hoe-like money was evolved from an ancient Chinese farming tool as it showed a close resemblance to a hoe. The knife-shaped money was derived from a certain weapon from old days since b
33、ronze cast during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods. Bronze coins with a round hole in the centre first appeared in China in the late Warring States Period. The round hole in the bronze coins changed into a square after Qinshihuang unified the nation and the currency. The round bronze
34、 coin with a square hole in the centre was replaced by paper money after the extinction of Qing dynasty. . Oral Presentation. (Omitted)Part 6 Lets Practice!Self-checkI. Complete the following dialogue according to what youve learnt.1. encounters 2. unexpected 3. influence 4. accidents5. certificate
35、6. transportation 7. profound 8. emergenciesII. Complete the following dialogue according to what youve learnt.1. Can I help you?2. How long have the symptoms lasted?3. eat some medicine4. stay in bed and try to drink more water5. light food is your better choice.6. Id like to take your advice.7. Yo
36、u are welcome!III. Translate the following items into English or Chinese1. 如果确定护照丢失，导游应该通知旅行社并从旅行社开具证明。2. 如果酒店内发生火灾，导游员要拨打119报告火情。3. 陵墓建筑是中国古建筑中最宏伟、最庞大的建筑群，其作用举足重轻。4. 中国古青铜器分为三种：礼器、武器和日用品。IV. List the items according to the requirement.1. The measures of losing certificate: The guide should get to k
37、now the situation and try to find clues; If the loss is confirmed, the guide should inform the travel service and get a certificate from the travel service; With the certificate issued by the travel service, the tourist should report to the local Public Security Bureau for another certificate with t
38、he help of the one from the travel service; The tourist go through the formalities of getting a new passport with the loss certificate in the embassy in China; The tourist should apply for another visa with the passport replacement from the local Public Security Bureau.The measures of losing guest:T
39、he national guide or tour leader should search the lost guest immediately, while the local guide should continue to guide the tour group; The local guide should report to the related departments such as the police station and travel service and check with the hotel to confirm if the guest has come b
40、ack; The local guide settles down the aftermath, and then submit the report in details.The measures of fire accident:The guide should dial 119 to report the fire situation; The guide informs all the group members of evacuating from the building through emergency exits; The guide helps the group memb
41、ers save themselves; The guide handles the following-up problems.The measures of missing transportation:The guide should report to the Travel Service or the concerned departments as quick as possible and ask for help; The guide contacts the airport, railway station or port and help the tour members
42、transfer another follow-up flight/train/ship immediately or other means of vehicles;The guide may comfort the tour members and make a good arrangement for the tour during the stay; The guide informs the next destination in time to alter the itinerary; The guide makes an apology to the tour members;
43、The guide writes a report including the analysis and explanation of the problem.The measures of illness of guest:The local guide should tell the sick tourist to see a doctor and have a good rest, or accompany the sick to the hospital if necessary; The local guide arranges room service for the sick t
44、ourist if hes staying in the hotel during the day; After the tour group returns to the hotel, the local guide should pay a visit and show concern to the sick tourist; The local guide shouldnt give the sick tourist any medicine. 2. Some famous ancient imperial mausoleums still standing in China. the
45、Xiaoling Mausoleumthe Qianling Mausoleumthe Changling Mausoleumthe Dingling Mausoleumthe Yuling Mausoleum3. The excavated items of Outer City in the Mausoleum of Emperor Qin shihuang. The excavated items in this area include a chamber for stables, 31 chambers for birds and rare animals, 48 tombs for
46、 imperial concubines buried with the emperor and three sites of homes of officials in charge of gardens and temples.V. Writing exercise.Reference answer:Cloisonn is famous traditional enamelware, known as the “Blue of Jingtai” in China, with a history of over 500 years. It is so called because blue
47、was the typical color used for enameling and “Jingtai” was the reign title of the 7th Ming emperors reign. Enamelware became very popular during the emperors reign. There is a great variety of products, such as the traditional vase, jar, bowl, plate, box and ash-tray. A great number of new varieties
48、 have also been created. They are brilliant in colors and splendid in design and enjoy a high reputation both at home and abroad. Cloisonn is one of the famous arts and crafts of Beijing.The bodiless lacquerware starts with a body of clay, plaster or wood. Grass linen or silk is pasted onto it, layer after layer, with lacquer as the binder. The original body is removed after the outer cloth shell has dried in the shade. It is then s