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1、好好学习 天天向上中考英语语法复习之宾语从句北流市清湾镇初级中學 作者 卢沛兰宾语的概念:宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。例如:I like my teacher.（名词作宾语)I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语）I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）I know him .（代词作宾语）宾语从句概念:句子的宾语一般由名词、代词,动名词或动词不定式充当,当一个句子充当宾语时,我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句,宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。We know he likes Eng
2、lish.主S 谓V 宾O宾语与宾语从句的区别:我们 知道 姚明We know Yao Ming我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员We know that he is a famous basketball player宾语从句的句子结构:主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句哪些句子可以做宾语？陈述句: He is a famous basketball player.一般疑问句: Will our teachers attend the meeting？特殊疑问句: Which coat did you prefer?Find out the Object Clauses:1.Our teac
3、her told us that the earth goes around the sun.2.Please tell me where she has gone.3.I dont know if he will come tonight.4.Lets find out whats on tonight . 5.We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .宾语从句三要素: 1.引导词 2.语序 3. 时态引导词:1.that2.whether/if3.连接代词 who whom whose w
4、hat which4. 连接副词when why where how 一、引导词That（连词） 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句/否定句）, 连接词由that引导, 因为that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 1. He said, “life is better than before”. He said（that）life is better than before. 2. He says, “Tom is a good student ”. He says(that)Tom is a good student .2. 当宾语从句是一般疑
5、问句时,由连接词whether 或if引导（口语中常用if）,译为“是否”,不能省略。1. She asked, “ Do they often come here early? ” She asked if/whether they often came here early.2. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked. He asked if/whether they would go to visit the Great Wall.whether, if 引导的宾语从句的区别:1. I want to know _.（他是否跟我
6、们一起去公园）2. Ask him _ . （他是否能来）3. I dont know _.（是否要下雨） 4. I dont care of_ he is handsome.5. He wondered _ to stay here the next week.总结:1、当句末为or not时,引导词只能用whether而不能用if.2、在to do不定式前,引导词只能用whether而不能用if.3、介词后只能用whether.4、作主语只能用whether.3.由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句。这
7、些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。1)Do you know whose book it is ? （谁的,做定语）2)Could you tell me why the train is late? （为什么,作状语）3)He asked who could answer the question. （谁,作主语）二. 宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序,即是“主语在前,谓语在后”的顺序。主句+引导词+主语+谓语+其他1、Helen says that she will learn French next year.2、Do you know where he comes from?3、He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time.三.宾语从句中时态的变化1.当主句是一般现在时,宾语从句的时态不作限制,我们可以根据句子的需要使用合适的时态。（主现从任）2.当主句是一般过去时,宾语从句必须用相对应的过去的某一种时态。（主过从过）3.当主句是一般过去时,如果宾语从句表述的是客观 真理或自然现象,从句时态不受主句限制,仍然用一般现在时。（主过从现）5