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1、漳州市2014 高考英语（阅读理解）一轮暑假训练（3）（答案）If your preschoolers turn up their noses at carrots or celery, a small reward like a sticker for taking even a taste may help get them to eat previously disliked foods, a UK study said.Though it might seem obvious that a reward could encourage young children to eat the
2、ir vegetables, the idea is actually controversial, researchers wrote in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Thats because some studies have shown that rewards can backfire and cause children to lose interest in foods they already liked, said Jane Wardle, a researcher at University College Lo
3、ndon who worked on the study. Verbal praise, such as “Brilliant! Youre a great vegetable taster,” did not work as well.The study found t hat when parents gave their small children a sticker each time they took a “tiny taste” of a disliked vegetable, it gradually changed their attitudes. The children
4、 were also willing to eat more of the vegetables-either carrots, celery, cucumber, red pepper, cabbage or sugar snap peas-in laboratory taste tests, the study said.Researchers randomly assigned（分派）173 families to one of these groups. In one, parents used stickers to reward their children each time t
5、hey took a tiny sample of a disliked vegetable. A second group of parents used verbal praise. The third group, where parents used no special vegetable-promoting methods, served as a “control”Parents in the reward groups offered their children a taste of the “target” vegetable every day of 12 days, S
6、oon after, children in the sticker group were giving higher ratings to the vegetables-and were willing to eat more in the research lab, going from an average of 5 grams at the start to about 10 grams after the 12-day experience. The turnaround also seemed to last, with preschoolers in the sticker gr
7、oup still willing to eat more of the once disliked vegetable three months later.Why didnt the verbal praise work? Wardle said the parents words may have seemed “insincere” to their children.16The purpose of writing the passage is .Ato introduce a practical method of making children eat vegetablesBto
8、 show the procedure of an experiment on childrens dietCto explain why children hate to eat vegetablesDto present a proper way of vernal praise to parents17The underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 2 probably means “ ”.Ashoot from behind the backBmake a lire in the hackyardCproduce an unexpected re
9、sultDachieve what was planned18According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?AMost children are born to dislike carrots or celery.BIt remains a question whether rewarding is a good way to get children to eat vegetables.COral praise wokrs quite well in encouraging children to ea
10、t vegetables.DChildren in the sticker group will never lose interest in eating vegetables.19How did the researchers get their conclusion from the experiment?ABy comparison.BBy asking questions.CBy giving examples,DBy discussion.20What can we learn from the last paragraph?AChildren like rewards, not
11、verbal praise.BParents should praise their children in a sincere tone.CChildren are difficult to inspire.DParents should give up verbal praise.1617181920ACBAB*结束阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AIn 1939 two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald, started a drive-in restaurant in San Bernadino, California
12、. They carefully chose a busy corner for their location. They had run their own businesses for years, first a theater, then a barbecue(烤肉) restaurant, then another drive-in. But in their new operation, they offered a new, shortened menu: French fries, hamburgers, and sodas. To this small selection t
13、hey added one new idea: quick service, no waiters or waitresses, and no tips.Their hamburgers sold for fifteen cents. Cheese was another four cents. Their French fries and hamburgers had a remarkable uniformity(一致性), for the brothers had developed a strict routine(程序) for the preparation of their fo
14、od, and they insisted on their cooks sticking to their routine. Their new drive-in became surprisingly popular, particularly for lunch. People drove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime. The self-service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to
15、 be opened. They were content with this modest success until they met Ray Kroc.Kroc was a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954, when he was selling milkshake-mixing machines. He quickly saw the special attraction of the brothers fast-food restaurants and bought the right to franchise(特许经营)
16、 other copies of their restaurants. The agreement included the right to duplicate(复制) the menu, the equipment, even their red and white buildings with the golden arches(拱门). Today McDonalds is really a household name. In 1976, McDonalds had over $ l billion in total sales. Its first twenty-two years
17、 is one of the most surprising success stories in modern American business history.1. This passage mainly talks about _.A. the development of fast food services B. how McDonalds became a billion-dollar businessC. the business careers of Mac and Dick McDonald D. Ray Krocs business talent2. Mac and Di
18、ck managed all of the following businesses except _.A. a drive-inB. a theater C. a cinemaD. a barbecue restaurant3. We may infer from this passage that _.A. Mac and Dick McDonald never became wealthy for they sold their idea to Kroc.B. the place the McDonalds chose was the only source of the great p
19、opularity of their drive-inC. forty years ago there were lots of fast-food restaurantsD. Ray Kroc was a good businessman4. The passage suggests that _.A. creativity is an important element of business successB. Ray Kroc was the close partner of the McDonald brothersC. Mac and Dick McDonald became br
20、oken after they sold their ideas to Ray KrocD. California is the best place to go into business(A) BCDA *结束BHIGHFIELD COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOLSCHOOL REPORTForm Teac her: G. Baker Pupils Name: Simon WatkinsTerm: Summer 2010Form: BSubjectExamClass workCommentsEnglish5961Simon has reached a satisfactory st
21、andard but now needs to apply himself with more determination.Mathematics7785Sound work and progress throughout the year. Well done!History4653A disappointing exam result. He is unable to give attention to this subject for long.Chemistry7885His obvious ability in the subject was not fully reflected
22、in his exam work, but I have high hopes for him nevertheless.Physics8694An excellent terms performance. He goes from strength to strength. A born scientist, I feel.Biology5760This time next year he will be taking the “0” exam. He needs to concentrate on the work, not on class conversation.French4146
23、Clearly he didnt bother to revise. His general attitude is far too casual.PhysicalEducation/31Weak. Its time he exercised his body more and his voice less. He should try to work with a team.FORM TEACHERS REMARKS HEADMASTERBasically satisfactory work and progress I shall be keeping an eye on histhoug
24、h he will now have realized, I hope, that progress in his weaker subjectsin certain subject areas he needs to make speedy though his success in the sciences is improvement. most pleasing.5.According to the comments of the Physical Education teacher, Simon_.A .is too talkative in the class B. likes t
25、o work with his classmatesC. doesnt exercise his body at the right timeD. becomes weak because he doesnt exercise at all6. Which of Simons subjects will attract the headmasters attention in future?A. Biology and Maths. B. History and French.C. English and Chemistry.D. Physics and Physical Education.
26、7. Which of the following statements best describes Simon?A. He has made great progress in language classes.B. His potential has been fully reflected in science classes.C. His grade in maths makes him a born scientist.D. He needs to improve his attitude on certain subjects.8. Based on the school rep
27、ort, which of the following statements is true?A. Simon didnt bother his teacher to revise French. B. Basically, Simon did a good job in science.C. Simon is a determined learner in English. D. Simon is able to pay attention to history for long. (B) ABDB *结束CDo you know what really troubles me? For s
28、ome reason, words with silent letters have always bothered me. For example, consider these words: know, design, island, school, wrist, naughty, and salmon. All of these words have at least one letter that is not typically pronounced, and these words are just a very small part of words with silent le
29、tters in them. Some words are even worse, consider this word: colonel. Not only are some letters not pronounced, but letters that are not even there are pronounced. Even foreign languages, especially French, are guilty of this needless complexity and confusion. I know there must be some main histori
30、cal reasons why the words are spelled and pronounced the way they are, but that does not mean bad traditions must continue to survive. Especially if they are no longer logical. Unfortunately, there is very little that anyone can do for it, because theres no group of people who can change or have the
31、 right to change the English language for everyone. However, the only thing we can do is make changes in the way we talk and write in hopes that it catches on. For example, I pronounce the letter “l” in salmon on purpose to make people annoyed and to sound more different or complicated. I even prono
32、unce colonel the correct or French way. I can only hope these two minor changes to the English language make sense to you, and you will help to keep up these minor changes forever in your everyday life.9. Which of the following is the main reason for silent letters? A. French language. B. Historical
33、 reasons. C. Some linguists D. Bad traditions.10. The underlined phrase “catches on” probably means “_”. A. becomes popular B. gets across C. follows the fashions D. doesnt fall behind11. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. Troubles in everyday life B. Traps in English words C. Words with silent letters D. Necessary changes of languages (C) BAC *结束- 7 -