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1、引子:鉴于如今对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,假设译文不准确或不严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文(经济)合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有益文字,希望大家共同进步英文(经济)合同的翻译和写作。合同是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律,因此合同中的语言应表达其权威性.英文合同用语的特点之一就表如今用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,到达双方对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。一.hereby英文释义:by means of , by reason of this中文译词:特此,因此,兹用法:常用于法律、合同、协议书等正式的开头语；在条款
2、中需要强调时也可用。语法：一般置于主语后,紧邻主语.例1：The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and pletion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or su other sum as may bee payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner pr
3、escribed by the Contract.参考译文:业主特此立约保证在合同规定的限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、开工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。注释:(1)hereby: by reason of this 特此(2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同(3)pletion of the Works: 工程的开工(4)therein: in the Works在本工程中(5)the Contract Price:
4、合同总价,指工程的总造价(6)su.as: 关系代词,相当于that, whi(7)under: in accordance with 根据,按照(8)the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同条款例2：We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correct and all available information and data have been spli
5、ed herein, and that we agree to provide documentary proof on your request.注释：1hereby：特此2to the best of our knowledge：as far as we know据我们所知3foregoing statement：above-mentioned statement上述声明4herein：in this, in the statement在声明中5documentary proof：证明参考译文：特此证明据我们所知上述声明内容正确无误并提供了全部现有的资料和数据我们同意应贵方要求出具证明。例
6、3：This Contract is hereby made and concluded by and between Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party B) on (Date), in (Place), ina, on the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through amicable consultation.注释：1hereby：特此2hereinafter referred to as Par
7、ty A：以下称甲方3on the principle of equality and mutual benefit：在平等互利根底上4through amicable consultation：通过友好协商参考译文：本合同双方 以下称甲方与 以下称乙方在平等互利根底上通过友好协商于 年 月 日在中国 地点特签订本合同。例4：This agreement is hereby made and entered into on (Date), by and between Co. ina (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and Co. (hereinaft
8、er referred to as Party B).注释：1this agreement is hereby made and entered into：特此订立本协议在法律中表示“订立本协议可用以下4个动词：sign (make, conclude or enter into) this agreement, 按照同义词连用的写作特点可用上述4个动词中的两个来表示。2hereinafter referred to as Party B：以下简称乙方参考译文：本协议特由中国 以下简称甲方与 以下简称乙方于 年 月 日订立。二 hereof英文释义: of this中文译词:此点；在本中用法:
9、在表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本的时使用该词。例如表示本合同条件、条款时可以说“the terms, conditions and provisions hereof这里hereof表示“of this Contract；又如表示本工程的任何部可用“any parts hereof这里hereof表示“of this Works。语法：一般置于要修饰的名词的后面与之紧邻。hereof和thereof的区别：hereof强调“of this。例如上面的“the terms, conditions and provisions thereof中的thereof表示of the Contract；“
10、any parts thereof中的thereof表示of the Works。例1Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not, the owner of the goods shall, without interrtion, by day and night, including Sundays and holidays (if required by the carrier), sply and take delivery of the goods. Provided that the owner o
11、f the goods shall be liable for all losses or damages including demurrage incurred in default on the provisions hereof.注释：1 Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not：不港口习惯是否与本款规定相反whether or not：不是否2 the owner of the goods：货方3 without interrtion：无连续地4 carrier：承运人5 in default o
12、n the provisions hereof：违犯本款规定 hereof：of this Clause参考译文：不港口习惯是否与本款规定相反货方都应昼地包括星日和假日如承运人需要无连续地提供和提取货物。货方对违犯本款规定所引起的所有损失或损坏包括滞应负担赔偿责任。例2Foreign trade dealers as mentioned in this Law shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, cover su legal entities and other organization as are engaged in fore
13、ign trade dealings.注释：1 foreign trade dealers：对外贸易经营者2 as mentioned in this Law：本法所称3 the provisions hereof：the provisions of this Law 本法规定4 legal entity：法人5 be engaged in foreign trade dealings：从事对外贸易经营活动参考译文：本法所称对外贸易经营者是指按照本法规定从事对外贸易经营活动的法人和其他组织。例3The establishment of a limited liability pany or a
14、 pany limited by shares shall ply with the conditions and provisions of this Law. A pany plying with the conditions and provisions hereof may be registered as a limited liability pany or a pany limited by shares. Provided that if a pany fails to ply with the conditions and provisions hereof, the pan
15、y in question shall not be registered as a limited liability pany or a pany limited by shares.注释：1a limited liability pany：有限责任2a pany limited by shares：股份3provisions hereof：本法规定 hereof: of this Law4may be registered as：登记为参考译文：设立有限责任、股份必须符合本法规定的条件。符合本法规定的条件的登记为有限责任或者股份；不符合本法规定的条件的不得登记为有限责任或股份。例4If,
16、 as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons, an arbitrator fails to perform his duties as an arbitrator, another arbitrator shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, be selected or appointed.注释：1 as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons：回避或者其它原因2 arbitrator：仲裁员3 the provisions hereo
17、f：the provisions of this Law 本法规定4 be selected or appointed：选定或指定参考译文：仲裁员因回避或者其它原因不能履行职责的应当按照本法规定重新选定或指定仲裁员。例5In the event of conflict between the provisions on arbitration formulated and prepared prior to the effective date of this Law and the provisions of this Law, the provisions hereof shall pre
18、vail.注释：1 conflict：相抵触2 prior to the effective date of this Law：本法施行前3 the provisions hereof shall prevail：以本法为准 hereof：of this Law参考译文：本法施行前制定的有关仲裁的规定与本法的规定相抵触的以本法为准。例6Where, in accordance with laws, the circumstance(s) specified in Article 15 and Article 16 of this Law is /are confirmed, the organ
19、ization with pensatory obligations shall pay pensation in any of the circumstance in question.Where the claimant for pensation demands the confirmation of one of the circumstances specified in Article 15 and Article 16 hereof, and the demanded organization refuses to make the confirmation, the claim
20、ant shall have the right to lodge a plaint. Where the claimant claims pensation, the claim, shall, first, be lodged to the organization for pensatory obligations.The provisions of Article 10, Article 11 and Article 12 hereof shall apply to/ in the procedures of pensation.注释：1 the organization with p
21、ensatory obligations：赔偿义务2 shall pay pensation：应当给予赔偿3 the claimant for pensation：赔偿恳求人4 Article 15 and Article 16 hereof：本法第十五条、第十六条 hereof：of this Law5 shall have the right to lodge a plaint：有权申诉6 claims pensation：要求赔偿7 apply to/ in：适用 More Examples: The ment applies equally here. /That argument d
22、oes not apply in this case. /That applies to at least nine-tenths of the people we see about. /These remarks apply to every town in this kingdom. /The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.参考译文：赔偿义务对依法确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定的情形之一的应当给予赔偿。赔偿恳求人要求确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定情形之一的被要求的不予确认的赔偿恳求人有权申诉。赔偿恳求人要求赔偿应向赔偿义务提出。赔偿程
23、序适用本法第十条、第十一条、第十二条的规定。例7If an arbitrator involved in one of circumstances specified in Item 4, Article 34 of this Law, and if it is serious, or those specified in Item 6, Article 58 hereof, the arbitrator in question shall, in accordance with the law, bear the legal liability and responsibility. The
24、 arbitration mission shall remove the name of the arbitrator in question from the list of arbitrators.注释：1 arbitrator：仲裁员2 Article 58 hereof：本法第五十八条 hereof：of this Law3 bear the legal liability and responsibility：承担法律责任4 the arbitration mission：仲裁会5 remove the name of the arbitrator in question from
25、 the list of arbitrators：将其除名参考译文：仲裁员有本法第三十四条第四项规定的情形情节严重的或者有本法第五十八条第六项规定的情形的应当依法承担法律责任仲裁会应当将其除名。例8If, pursuant to this Law, the relevant responsible authorities with the duty of approvals fail to grant approval to su an application as meets the requirements and provisions hereof, or the pany regist
26、ration authorities fail to register a pany whose application meets the requirements hereof, the party in question may, in accordance with laws, apply for reconsideration or bring an administrative suit.注释：1 the relevant responsible authorities with the duty of approvals：履行审批职责的有关主部门2 meets the requi
27、rements and provisions hereof：符合本法条件3 the pany registration authorities：负责登记的主部门4 the requirements hereof：本法条件 hereof: of this Law5 apply for reconsideration：申请复议6 bring an administrative suit：提起行政诉讼参考译文：按照本法履行审批职责的有关主部门对符合本法条件的申请不予批准或负责登记的主部门不予登记当事人可以依法申请复议或者提起行政诉讼。例9This Decision shall apply to th
28、e crimes mitted against Article 9, Article 10 and Article 11 hereof by the staff and workers of enterprises other than limited liability panies and panies limited by shares.注释：1 the crimes mitted：犯罪行为2 against Article 9, Article 10 and Article 11 hereof：犯有本第九条、第十条、第十一条规定 hereof: of this Decision参考译文
29、：有限责任、股份以外的企业职工有本第九条、第十条、第十一条规定的犯罪行为的适用本。例10panies registered and established prior to the effective date of this Law shall, in accordance with Laws, administrative regulations, local regulations and pursuant to the “Standard Opinion on Limited Liability panies or the “Standard Opinion on panies Lim
30、ited by Shares issued by the relevant responsible department of the State Council, continue to exist.Those panies not pletely satisfying the requirements of this Law shall, within the specified time limit, meet the requirements hereof. Specific methods for implementation of this Law will be set out
31、in separate regulations issued by the State Council.注释：1 panies registered：已登记成立的2 the “Standard Opinion on Limited Liability panies：?有限责任?3 the “Standard Opinion on panies Limited by Shares：?股份?4 the relevant responsible department of the State Council有关主部门5 in separate regulations issued by the St
32、ate Council：由另行规定参考译文：本法施行前已登记成立的应按照法律、行政法规、地方性法规和有关主部门制定的?有限责任?和?股份?继续保存。其中不完全具备本法规定的条件的应当在规定的限内到达本法规定的条件。详细施行由另行规定。例11Unfair petition mentioned in this Law refers to acts of su business operators as contravene the provisions hereof, with a result of damaging the lawful rights and interests of othe
33、r business operators, and disturbing the socio-economic order.注释：1 unfair petition：不正当竞争2 business operators：经营者3 contravene the provisions hereof：违犯本法规定 the provisions hereof：本法规定 hereof：of this Law4 the lawful rights and interests：合法权益5 disturbing the socio-economic order：扰乱社会经济秩序参考译文：本法所称的不正当竞争是指
34、经营者违犯本法规定损害其他经营者的合法权益扰乱社会经济秩序的行为。三 hereto英文释义: to this中文译词:至此在此上。用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的本的时使用该词。例如表示“本合同双方可以说“the Parties hereto这里hereto表示“to this Contract；表示“本协议附件4可用“Appendix 4 hereto这里hereto表示“to this Agreement。语法：一般置于要修饰的名词的后面与之紧邻。hereto和thereto的区别：同前面所言hereof和thereof的区别类似hereto强调的是“to this。例1All disp
35、utes arising from the performance of this Contract shall, through amicable negotiations, be settled by the Parties hereto. Should, through negotiations, no settlement be reaed, the case in question shall then be submitted for arbitration to the ina International Economic and Trade Arbitration missio
36、n, Beijing and the arbitration rules of this mission shall be applied. The award of the arbitration shall be final and binding on the Parties hereto. The Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration mission.注释：1 the performance of this Contract：履行本合同
37、2 through amicable negotiations：友好协商3 the Parties hereto：the Parties to this Contract本合同双方4 shall then be submitted for arbitration：提交进展仲裁5 the ina International Economic and Trade Arbitration mission, Beijing：中国国际经济贸易仲裁会北京6 the arbitration rules of this mission：其仲裁规那么7 the award of the arbitration：
38、仲裁裁决8 unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration mission：仲裁会另有裁定的除外参考译文：对于因履行本合同所发生的一切争议本合同双方应友好协商解决如协商无法解决争议那么应将争议提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁会北京根据其仲裁规那么进展仲裁。仲裁裁决是终性的对双方都有约束力。仲裁费用应由败诉方承担但仲裁会另有裁定的除外。例2“Patented Tenology means su patent, and su applications for the patent as are presently owned or will hereafter be
39、 acquired in the future by Party B, or as Party B has or may have the right to control, or as are permitted to be transferred during the effective period of this Contract in any or all countries of the world, and as are applicable to or may be used in the manufacture of Contract Products specified b
40、y the Parties hereto.注释：1 patented tenology：专利技术2 patent：专利3 application for the patent：专利申请4 may have the right to control：可能有权控制的5 permitted to be transferred in any or all countries of the world：在世界任何容许转让6 Contract Products specified by the Parties hereto：本合同双方规定的本合同 hereto: to this Contract参考译文：
41、“专利技术系指乙方目前拥有的或将来获得的或乙方有权或可能有权控制的或在本合同有效间在世界任何容许转让的适用于或可能适用制造本合同双方规定的本合同的专利和专利申请。例3“Tenical Documents means the data and the information specified in Appendix 1 hereto, su as engineering, manufacturing and original information relating to the manufacture and maintenance of the Contract Products, inc
42、luding drawings, blueprints, design sheets, material specifications, photographs, photostats and general data, and design and their specifications relating to manufacturing euipment, tools and facilities. Provided that the above-mentioned information shall be su information as is only available to P
43、arty B and applicable to the business operation of Party A under this Contract.注释：1 tenical documents：技术资料2 the data and the information：资料3 engineering：工程4 manufacturing：制造5 original information：原始资料6 blueprint：蓝本7 design sheets：设计图表8 material specifications：材料规格9 photostats：影印资料10 general data：一般资
44、料11 design and their specifications relating to manufacturing euipment, tools and facilities：与制造设备、工具和装置有关的设计及其说明书参考译文：“技术资料系指列于附件1与制造和维修合同有关的工程、制造及原始资料包括与制造设备、工具和装置有关的图纸、蓝本、设计图表、材料规格、照片、影印资料和一般资料、设计及其说明书等但上述资料仅限于乙方拥有的资料和甲方用于本合同业务活动的资料。例4If Party B demands to audit the accounts of Party A, Party B s
45、hall, within 10 days after receiving the written notice issued by Party A under Sub-Clause 3.4 of this Contract, notify Party A of the mater in question. The specific contents and procedure of auditing accounts are detailed in Appendix 4 hereto.注释：1 audit the accounts of Party A：查核甲方的帐目2 Sub-Clause
46、3.4 of this Contract：本合同第3.4款3 the specific contents and procedure of auditing accounts：其详细的查帐内容和程序4 Appendix 4 hereto：本合同附件4 hereto：to this Contract参考译文：乙方如需查核甲方的帐目时应在接到甲方依上述本合同第3.4款规定开出的书面后10天之内甲方其详细的查帐内容和程序详见本合同附件4。例5The parties to this Agreement agree that either Party hereto shall, immediately
47、and fully, notify the other Party hereto of any su matters prising an improvement, modification, further invention or design as the Party in question may discover, make or develop with respect to manufacture and assembly of the Licensed Products or ponents thereof.The Party discovering, making or developing the subject matter in question may, at its own expense and its own name, file application for Letter Patent or take other necessary legal steps to protect the same, and any patent arising therefrom shall belong to the Party