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1、2013中考英语核心考点曝光 中考备考大冲刺同学们，大家好！今天我们讲座的题目叫2013年中考英语备考大冲刺，内容包括2013年英语中考的命题趋势，各题型的解题方法及所要考察的知识点，以及如何科学备考。目的就是通过这个讲座，在短时间内帮助大家提高分数。从2012年全国各地的中考题目内容上看，2012年的中考试题坚持了“稳重求发展，变中求新意，注重基础，立足语篇，强调运用，突出能力”的命题原则，试题覆盖面广，选材内容新颖，信息量大，以求综合考察学生的语言知识的运用能力。2013年的命题将大体保持这个总方针，这也为我们今年的复习指明了方向。2012年全国各地的中考题型主要集中在：听力理解， 单项选
2、择，完形填空，阅读理解，和书面表达。其中难点主要集中在 完形填空，阅读理解和书面表达。下面我们就分别讲一讲各题型的特点，所考察的知识点以及解题方法。一 听力理解听力试题主要考察学生对语言的分辨，理解，反应和拼写能力。分析近几年特别是2012年全国各地中考英语试题，可以看出听力试题也在逐渐变化。主要表现为考查内容从简单化，单一化向复杂化，多元化发展，考查形式由单纯的选择题向开放性，理解类题目过渡。主要热点题型有：A 听对话或句子，选图片。B 听对话，选取正确答案。 C 听短文，选取正确答案。D 听力填表 下面分别来举例说明：听对话或句子，选图片。（2012 上海）Listen and choos
3、e the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _这个题型很简单，大多数考生都没有问题。对话理解2012 杭州听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 听力原文： M: Hello , Mary. You are getting ready for tomorrows lessons, arent you? W: Yes, Im a bit nevous. I have no idea whatll happen in class and how Ill get along with my classmate
4、s. M:I understand how youre feeling.Just take it easy .Youll make a lot of new friends very soon.W:Thank you.Ill try my best to get used to my new school life as soon as possible.By the way, what time does the first class begin?M:At 8 oclock.But before that we have 10 minutes to hand in homework and
5、 then 20 minutes for mornig reading.W:OK.How long does each class last?M:45minutes,I think,with 10 minutesbreak.W:Thank you for your kindness.M:My pleasure. 6. Why was Mary worried first? A. She was a newcomer to the school. B. She was afraid of getting up early.C. She wasnt ready for the lessons.从听
6、力原文I have no idea whatll happen in class and how Ill get along with my classmates. 以及Ill try my best to get used to my new school life as soon as possible.我们可以判断出Mary是一个新人。所以选A 7. What should the students do before the first class? A. Do some cleaning. B. Hand in homework. C. Do morning exercise.从听力
7、原文But before that we have 10 minutes to hand in homework我们可以判断出 第7题选B 8. What does Mary think of the man speaker? A. Hes hardworking. B. Hes helpful. C. Hes strict.从听力原文Thank you for your kindnes.我们可以判断出 第8题选B 短文理解 2012 北京请听一段独白，完成第14至第16小题。听力原文：Good day. Im Michale and Im a science teacher at the D
8、arwin school of distance education. We teach students age 11 to 18. In many ways, teaching at a distance high school is just like teaching in an ordinary high school. We have to read and mark a lot of course work which the students hand in by mail. The biggest difference I think is the classroom. It
9、s a small room and there is nobody in it except me. The other difference is that I give the class and do experiments in front of the camera. It seems strange at first but it is easier than teaching in front of the class of thirty kids. Another difference, and this is the most difficult thing for me,
10、 is that I cant see any of the students. They can see me, but I cant see them. So I dont know if they are interested or bored by the lesson. But I can hear them, so I usually ask them questions during the lesson to make sure they are listening. Actually most of my students are great, they listen car
11、efully to the lessons and they are very good on working on their own. Sometimes we have problems with one or two students, they dont do their course work or they dont log in any of the lessons. But this doesnt happen very often. In fact, students at a school of distance education work hard and often
12、 get good results better than a lot of students at a regular school. 分析：这段独白是一个老师在介绍他们学校，Distance education远程教育。学校这个话题学生本应该比较熟悉，但是老师一再说的是他们和ordinary school 的区别，还是需要考生去想象情景。14. Whats the speaker mainly talking about?A. His students. B. His job. C. His trouble.老师一直在介绍他的工作，很明显应该选B. 15. What do the stud
13、ents usually do during the lesson?A. Mark their coursework. B. Do experiments. C. Answer questions.做对这道题的关键是这句话： So I often ask them questions to make sure they are listening. 选C.16. What does the speaker think of his way of teaching?A. It bores the students. B. It saves time C. It works.做对这道题的关键是这段
14、话：In fact, students at a school of distance education work hard and often get good results, better than a lot of students at regular school. 选C。it works 意思是很有效。听力填空2012 岳阳你将听到一段短文，根据你所听到的短文内容，完成下列表格 The Voice Of The School(校园之声)What timeIts 16 oclock now. Its time for you to have a break.WhatMusic c
15、an help you forget all the 17 .HowYou and your classmates must be 18 to hear your favorite music.What kindWestern classical(经典的) music makes people feel richer and 19 music makes people do things faster.WhoMost of 20 like pop music best.听力原文：Boys and girls, its ten oclock now. Its time for us to hav
16、e a break. Here comes “The voice of the school”. I think you must be tired after class. What do you think of listening to music at this time? Music can help you be more active. And listening to music can help you relax. Its true that we can learn better when were relaxed. Music can help you forget a
17、ll the problems. So its really helpful for your next class. You and your classmates must be very happy to hear your favorite music. You can sing and dance to music. Scientists believe that the sound of western classical music makes people feel richer. Fast music makes people do things faster. Isnt t
18、hat interesting? Haha,but I think most of the middle school students like pop music best. Ok, now lets enjoy the most popular song “Baby” from Justin Bieber.价格、人口等。 有时候考查的往往不是录音材料中直接的数字，而是以这个数字为参照的另一个数字。所以考生必须快速地把这个数字记下来，在此基础上进行运算。 4.学会捕捉信息（1）.确定对话发生的场合。例如：F：May I help you? M：Yes，Id like to听到这二句话，马上
19、就联想到这是用在服务行业的用语 。 （2）确定人物之间的关系。 从Dont be late for school中可以推断人物之间的关系为师生。再如，医生与病人一般谈健康或治病；售货员与顾客一般谈论货物与价格，等等。(3)学会找同义词、近义词 。 如 favourite =like best .推测“弦外之音”。根据说话人的语气或相关的词来判断说话者的真实含义。例如：M：May I use your dictionary?F：But Im using it myself.Q：What does the woman mean?根据说话人的语气，我们知道She wont lend her dict
20、ionary to the man.（5）注意转折和让步。一般来说，听到but时，要特别注意but之后的句子意思 。还要注意： 对那些自己有把握的试题要快速作答； 不会作答的， 暂时搁置，准备听下一题。听的过程中,如果遇到生词，最好先跳过去。如果一个题目暂时没听清或没听懂，要学会放弃。否则会影响后边做题。答题的正确步骤：可先将答案标在试卷的相应位置上，或直接在正确选项上打个勾，等听力考试结束时，再将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。不要一边听，一边涂。 二 单项选择单项选择是中考英语的测试重点之一，几乎所有的试卷都有这个题型。它知识容量大，覆盖面广。包括语法，词汇 ，常识和惯用法测试等，几乎可以包括
21、初中英语所学的全部语法内容。从近几年的中考试题可以看出，单项选择由原来的语法型测试逐渐转向测试学生的交际能力，语言应变能力，词语运用能力等为主的能力型测试。 下面我们来总结一下单选的热点试题。考点一 冠词 2012 重庆Lin is _ good basketball player in the NBA.A. a B. an C. the D./句中的plyer 用了单数形式，前面需要一个不定冠词来修饰，good 是辅音音素开头，所以选A。考点二 代词 2012 南京 I think _ can make Andy change his mind. He is such a person wh
22、o never gives up easily.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 本题考查不定代词的用法。Something 常用于肯定句，anything 常用于否定句或疑问句，nothing 没有什么事情，表否定。Everything 一切事物。由句意可知选C. 考点三 名词2012 河南 Jennifer takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always full of _. A. knowledge B. energy C. change D. courage 本题考
23、查名词的辨析。Knowledge 知识，energy 能量，精力，change 改变，courage 勇气，由句意可知选B。 考点四 数词2012 哈尔滨It is said that _ young people may lose their abilities to hear after five years if they listen to MP4 players which are too loud for more than five hours a week. A thousand of B. six thousands C. thousands of A.B 选项都是错误的，不
24、成立，所以选C 考点五 介词2012 南京 My father has a habit of jogging _ the jinchuan River for an hour in the morning.A. between B. along C. over D. throughbetween在之间 along 沿着 over 越过 through 穿过， 根据句意，选B 考点六 连词2012 山西Nobody believes a 92-year-old woman could run a marathon she passed the finishing line. People of
25、all ages can challenge themselves.A. if B. since C. untilif 如果，since 自从， until 直到 句意为：没有人相信一个92岁的人能跑马拉松，直到她跑过终点线，任何年龄的人都能挑战自己。根据句意，选 C考点七 形容词2012 安徽-You are relaxing yourself here?- Yes.It feels to walk slowly along the river. A.fantastic B. boring C. strange D.terrible Fantastic 极好的，boring 无聊的，stra
26、nge奇怪的， terrible可怕的，根据句意，选A考点八 副词2012 杭州-Do you consider yourself as a rude person?-_ not. I always have good manners.A. Probably B. Usually C. Generally D. CertainlyProbably 可能，Usually通常，Generally一般，Certainly当然根据答语，我一直都很有礼貌，与rude相反，所以选D考点九 动词2012 广东( )31. Jenny _in the kitchen when you called her a
27、t 5 oclock this afternoon? A. is cooking B. was cooking C. cooks D. cooked( )34._ I swim here?Im sorry. Children _ swim alone here. A. Must , cant B. May , must C. Can, mustnt D. Cant can( )35. Hot water_ in the students flats from 5 pm to 7 pm now.A. supplies B. is supplied C. supplied D. was suppl
28、ied( )36. If our government _attention to controlling food safety now, our health _in danger.A. wont pay, is B. doesnt pay, is C. wont pay, will be D. doesnt pay, will be( )37.- Both Li Lei and Han Meimei _ fond of the TV program A Bite of China. - I am also deeply moved by its stories. A. is B. am
29、C. was D. are( )39. Our English teacher is very nice. We _ friends since three years ago. A. were B. became C. have been D. have made( )41. I love this song by Lady Gaga. Would you _ the TV a bit, please? I cant hear it clearly. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down( )43. You havent been to
30、 the West Lake, have you?_. But I will go there with my parents this summer vacation. A. No, I havent B. No, I didnt C. Yes, I have D. yes, I did( )44. It took me two weeks _ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming. . A. finish B. to finish C. finishes D. finishing 共考了9道有关动词的题，分别考查了动词时态，情态动词，系动词，
31、被动语态，动词辨析，动词短语，动词不定式等方面。可以看出，动词是单选题考查的重要内容。考点十 主从复合句2012 潍坊Weve given her some advice, but I dont know_ shell accept itAwhat Bwhere Cwhether Dwhich考查宾语从句的引导词。通过转折句意和dont know可以推断用whether 引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，句意为“我们给了她一些建议，但我不知道她是否会接受。”所以选C。Piano is a word_ was originally borrowed from ItalianAwhere Bwho Cw
32、hich Dwhose考查定语从句引导词。句中先行词为word，表示“物”，用which或that引导定语从句，在定语从句中作主语。所以选C。除了这十个考点之外，单选一般还考察常用句型，主谓一致，标识等等。总的来讲，单选在中考题中不是难题，但是，它容易得分也容易失分。做单选一般有哪些方法和技巧呢？三 完形填空完形填空是历年各地中考必考题型之一。 而且它在中考试卷中始终是难题，以北京中考为例，近三年来，完形这个题目的得分率都只有49%。 它综合性强，首先在语篇层面考查阅读理解能力，侧重对语篇、情感、态度、价值观、写作目的等深层次问题的理解。其次，它考察词汇运用能力，侧重一词多义、近义词辨析、词语
33、搭配。同时还涉及文化背景知识、生活体验、逻辑思维的考察。完形填空一般由英文原文加工而成，文体以叙事为主，渗透情感、体验、生活感悟和哲理。常见话题有家人，朋友、学校生活、青少年情感故事、励志 ，助人等等。完形填空所挖的空关乎文章的主线或主题的理解、人物心理和动作的准确描述等，词性考查多样，包括动词、名词、形容词、副词、连词、代词、介词等等。在设置选项的时候，还会有意设置一些干扰项，有些选项会对题目形成很大干扰。 2012年，全国各地完形填空的主要题型有选择填空和选词填空，其中大多数为选择填空。 首先我们以2012 北京卷为例分析如何解题。阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、
34、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。我们先读一遍文章：Several weeks ago, our headmaster, Mr. Gaudi, told us that our school had been chosen to compete on Smart Alecka game show which my best friend Carla and I both love. Carla has a good imagination, and I know a lot of history, so we thought wed be good _35_ for the team.A fe
35、w days later, Mr. Gaudi held a meeting with everyone interested in the_36_ . He told us that Smart Aleck uses a five member team. He also said that three more people would be needed as backup（替补）. Unluckily four times that many students were at the meeting. So Mr. Gaudi said we would have a _37_ and
36、 the top eight scorers would become the team and the backup. Everybody agreed that this was a _38_ way to decide.Yesterday, all of the hopefuls went to the dining hall after school. We would have to decide the starting line-up（阵容）.Mr. Gaudi acted as the host. After a couple of hours, all the _39_ on
37、 the team were set except one. Carla and I _40_ for that last position. We had to hold a one-on-one competition between the two of us. The winner would be on the team and the loser would be the backup.Midway through our two-person competition. I was starting to pull ahead._41_ I saw the look on Carl
38、as face. I waited for a second and knew what I had to do. As much as I wanted to be on Smart Aleck, Carla wanted _42_ even more.So, starting with my next question, I held back and let Carla _43_,just by a little bit. Her expression as she _44_ she would be on the show made up for my not being on the
39、 team. And since I will go as backup, Ill still have the fun of seeing the show up close.Was I _45_ by not trying as hard as I could? I dont think so. No one noticed, and Carla and I didnt _46_ it. It wont hurt the team because Carla will be a very good competitor on the real show. I think that maki
40、ng my best friend happy was the right thing to do.这篇完形讲的是学校要参加一个Smart Aleck 的游戏，我和我的好朋友Carla都很想参加。这个游戏需要五个队员和三个替补，但是有四倍多的学生都想加入，于是大家比赛来决定。几个小时之后，所有的位置都定下来了除了一个，我和Carla要进行一对一的竞赛，胜的人参加比赛，输的人做替补。在比赛中，我一开始领先，但是看到Carla的表情，知道她更想赢得这个机会，于是我让Carla一点一点赢了比赛。文章最后说，让我的好朋友高兴是我要做的正确的事情。这篇文章源自美国六年级学生的一本练习册。比较原汁原味。再
41、来看选项：Several weeks ago, our headmaster, Mr. Gaudi, told us that our school had been chosen to compete on Smart Alecka game show which my best friend Carla and I both love. Carla has a good imagination, and I know a lot of history, so we thought wed be good _35_ for the team.35. A. choicesB. pairsC.
42、leadersD. fanschoices 被选中的人，pairs一对，一副， leaders领导者，fans狂热爱好者。由上文Carla has a good imagination, and I know a lot of history,可知我们是小组中的最好人选。选AA few days later, Mr. Gaudi held a meeting with everyone interested in the_36_ . He told us that Smart Aleck uses a five member team. He also said that three more
43、 people would be needed as backup（替补）. Unluckily four times that many students were at the meeting. So Mr. Gaudi said we would have a _37_ and the top eight scorers would become the team and the backup. Everybody agreed that this was a _38_ way to decide.36. A. courseB. workC. trip D. show37. A. dir
44、ectionB. discussionC. competitionD. conversation38. A. specialB. hardC. fairD. funny第36题，course 过程，work工作，trip 旅程，show节目。由上文Mr. Gaudi, told us that our school had been chosen to compete on Smart Alecka game show可知，Mr. Gaudi给每一个对这个节目有兴趣的人开会。选D第37题，direction 方向，discussion讨论，competition 比赛，conversation
45、对话。由上下文可知，我们要进行一场比赛。选C第38题，Gaudi先生说我们得比赛选出得分高的前8名。大家都认为这是一个“Fair公平的”办法。选C,其他选项“special特别的”“hard困难的”“funny可笑的”都不符合文义。Fair一词在这里是“公平的”， 这个词还有很多其他的意思，如“美丽的，白皙的，头发金黄的，清楚的”等等。Yesterday, all of the hopefuls went to the dining hall after school. We would have to decide the starting line-up（阵容）.Mr. Gaudi acted as the host. After a couple of hours, all the _39_ on the team were set except one. Carla and I _40_ for that last position. We had to hold a one-on-one competition between the two of us. The winner woul