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1、一般将来时1、 一般将来时由“助动词will/shall+动词原形”构成。will用于第二、三人称，shall第一人称。在口语中，will在名词或代词后常缩写为ll，will not简缩为wontwount。但在美国英语中，各种人称皆可用will。 He will help his sister with her lessons.他将帮助他妹妹做功课。 We wont be free this afternoon.今天下午我们没空。 2、一般将来时的用法 （1）表示未来的动作或存在状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, next Sunday, soon, in a month
2、, in the future等。 We shall leave for London next Monday.我们将在下周一去伦敦。 He will come to see you the day after tomorrow.后天他要来看你。 You will be 20 next year.明年你就二十了。 （2）表示将来反复发生的动作或习惯性动作 We shall come and work in this factory every year.我们将每年来这工厂参加劳动。 The students will have five English classes per week thi
3、s term.本学期学生每周将要上五节英语课。 3、一般将来时的其他表达法 （1）“be going to+动词原形”表将来 这种结构表示打算、计划、决定要做的事或肯定要发生的事。 What are you going to do next Sunday? 下星期天你打算干什么？ They are going to meet outside the school gate.他们打算在校门口见面。 还可表示说话人根据已有的事实或迹象，认为某事即将发生、肯定会发生或可能出现的情况。 I think Im going to die. 我想我要死了。(现在生命垂危) Look at the cloud
4、. Its going to rain.瞧那乌云，天要下雨了。(乌云密布，使我断定天要下雨) The ice is going to break.冰就要破了。 这种结构表示“肯定、预测，注定会”。在这种情况下可以和“think, hope, want, believe, like”等表示静态的动词连用。 The question is going to be very complex.这个问题将会很复杂。 The voters arent going to like him.选民们不会喜欢他的。 be going to 和will的区别 a. will表示说话人认为、相信、希望或假定要发生的事
5、，不含任何具体的时间，可以指遥远的将来；而be going to 指有迹象表明某事即将发生或肯定发生，通常指很快就要发生的事情。 Listen to the wind. We are going to have a rough crossing.听那风声，我们横渡时一定困难很大。 She will not shove the heavy load onto others.她不愿意把重担推给别人。 He will get better.他的病会好的。（即认为最终会恢复健康，而不是马上恢复） He is gong to get better.他的病就会好了。(指有恢复的迹象) b. be goin
6、g to 和will均可表示意图，但事先考虑过的意图用be going to，不是事先考虑过的意图用will。 -Why have you torn the paper into pieces?你怎么把论代撕了？ - I am going to rewrite it.(事先考虑，不用will)我要重写。 -Is it really a big stone? -I will help you to move it.(未经事先考虑，不用be going to ) c. be going to可以用在条件状语从句中表示将来，而will不能。 If you are going to attend th
7、e meeting, youd better leave now.如果你要去参加这个会，你最好现在走。（不用will） If you are going to accept the job, start to work now.如果你想接受这项工作，从现在开始上班。（不用will） （2）用现在进行时来表示将来 现在进行时表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，这一结构常用于表示位置转移的动词，如come , go , leave, start ,move, arrive等，还有join, play, eat, work, return, take, wear, stay, sleep, meet等。
8、常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 Im leaving for Tibet on Sunday.星期天我要去西藏。 When are you going back to your factory? 你什么时候回工厂？ He is not coming.他不来了。 They are arriving tomorrow afternoon.他们明天下午到达。 进行时表示将来与be going to 的区别 be going to表示说话前事先考虑过的意图(intend)，现在进行时表示事先安排的动作（plan）；表示有迹象表明某事即将发生或肯定发生用be going to，不用现在进行时。 Mary
9、and Jane are going to meet tonight.（have an intention to） Mary and Jane are meeting tonight.( 事先安排的动作) I feel dizzy, I think I am going to faint.（不能用I fainting）我感到头晕，我想我要昏倒。 （3）“be about to+动词原形”表将来 “be about to+动词原形”表示打算或据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用。 The English evening is about to start.英语晚会即将开始
10、。 They are about to set out.(不能说，They are about to set out soon) 他们就要出发。 The ship is about to sail.轮船马上就要启航。 比较：be about to 与be not about to 的差异 be about to 意为“正要、马上就”；be not about to 意为“不愿意”。 He is about to come out. Please wait a moment.他马上就出来，请稍等。 He is not about to do that again.他不愿再做那件事了。 （4）“b
11、e to+动词原形”表将来 “be to+动词原形”表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务要求要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意见。 Theres to be a slide show this afternoon.今天下午要放幻灯。 You are to hand in your papers by 10 oclock.到10点你得交上试卷。 If a man is to succeed, he must work as hard as he can.一个人要想成功，他就必须拼命干。 4.基本结构： 1、肯定句 主语+am/is/are+going to + do； w
12、ill/shall + do. 2.否定形式：am/is/are not going to do ； will/shall not do。 一般将来时练习题 ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont wo
13、rk ( ) 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 5. _ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.
14、 A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give ( ) 7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? _. （不，不要。） A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. No, ple
15、ase dont. D. No, please. ( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( ) 10. If they come, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. will give
16、( ) 12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote ( ) 13. He _ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back ( ) 14. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating. A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine
17、( ) 15. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? No, _ （不去）. A. they will nt. B. they wont. C. they arent. D. they dont. ( ) 16. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go ( ) 17. We _ the work this way next time. A. do B. will
18、 do C. going to do D. will doing ( ) 18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go ( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match. A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch ( ) 20. There _ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be