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1、完形填空的讲练 学习目标 1. 掌握完形填空的解题思路掌握完形填空的5种解题技巧 入门测 完形填空练习1.Hi, everyone! Im Dale Brown. I come from England. Now I live in Taiyuan and1No. 13 Middle School. Im in Class 3. There are forty-two2in my class. I can3Chinese because my mother4from Dalian, China. I usually speak Chinese with my classmates.My fav
2、orite subject is5because Im a basketball fan（迷）and I6play basketball very well. I have P.E. at 8:457Monday. I also like biology（生物）because I like reading books on8and using the microscope（显微镜）. I dont like Friday because I have math and history on that9. Math is at 2:30 and history at 4:45. Numbers
3、are10for me. And I think studying the past（过去）is boring.AcomeBcome toCgoDgo toAstudentsBtestsCthingsDquestionsAspellBcallCspeak DthinkAamBisCareDbeAhistoryBP.E.CChineseDEnglishAcanBcantCmustDmusttAaboutBatCinDonAcolorBmusicCanimalsDcarsAdayBweek CmonthDtermAinterestingBdifficultCrelaxingDlate 情景导入 知
4、识集结 知识精讲 完形填空解读 知识讲解 完形填空解读命题规律解题步骤完形填空的解题技巧共分为5大类，分别是词汇复现法、上下文推理法、逻辑推理法、文化背景常识和固定搭配法。 例题精讲 完形填空解题技巧之词汇复现法 知识讲解 词汇复现法1. 技巧点睛“词汇复现”是指某一词汇以原词、词形变化(如easily和easy)、同义词/近义词(如road和street)、反义词(如happy和sad )、上下义词(上下义是指词的总结和分解关系，上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体或种类。如parents是father的上义词；coat是clothes的下义词) 等重复出现在语篇之中。2. 真题探究技巧典例
5、分析(1) 原词复现Lunch is from 12:00 to 1:00, and after that we have 33 . It is my favorite subject. Our Chinese teacher, Mrs. Wang, is great fun. 33. A. French B. Chinese C. English D. Japanese【答案】33. B【解析】33. 根据后文 “Our Chinese teacher, Mrs. Wang, is great fun”可知选B.(2) 词形变化There are many 47 on the farm. T
6、hey are horses, cows, 48 , and pigs. The man near the gate is a 49 .49.A. farmer B. writer C. driver D. teacher【答案】49. A【解析】49. 根据上文“on the farm”且 “farmer”为farm的名词（职业）形式，故选A。(3) 同义词/近义词复现When we wash our faces，time 55 away in front of usAnd when we play，time goes away.55. A. runs B. puts C. throws D
7、. takes【答案】55. A【解析】55. 根据下文“time goes away”可知这里缺少与“goes away”一样表示时间流逝的词汇，故选A。(4) 反义词暗示There is a popular saying，“Every little bit counts. ”In a city，every little bit of litter makes a difference. Every little bit of garbage makes a city _38_. Every “litter” bit of garbage in a garbage can helps to
8、_39_a clean city. 38. A. clean B. dirty C. special D. green【答案】38. B 【解析】38. 根据下文“a clean city”可知后面这种情况是干净的城市，而前面要描述的则是其反面意思 “dirty”，故选B.(5) 上下义词提醒There are many 47 on the farmThey are horses, cows47. A. animals B. pigs C. people D. cats【答案】47. A 【解析】根据下文“They are horses, cows”，可知此处应该填一个词囊括所有，所以选其上义
9、词“animal”，故选A. 例题精讲 完形填空解题技巧之词汇复现法 例1.Mr. Brown has done his days work, and his _ (36), Harry and Kate, have come home from school. “Hows your day, my lovely angels?” . “Great!” says both children.AcousinsBdaughtersCchildrenDsons例2.Harry and Kate _ (41) a story in a new book. The father reads his ne
10、wspaper, and the mother mends (修补) Harrys stockings.Sometimes, they tell one another what they are reading about, and have a chat over the events of the day.AwriteBreadCwatchDhear例3.Walters 34 were worried about him. “If he makes excuses all the time, nobody will believehim. He wont keep a job. No b
11、right girl will like him,” said his father.AparentsBfriendsCclassmatesDteachers例4.The police can _32_. They can watch for litterbugs. Litterbugs are people who throw（扔） garbage on the ground. But sometimes even the police cannot help much.AuseBanswer ChelpDsave 完形填空解题技巧之上下文推理法 知识讲解 上下文推理法1. 1. 技巧点睛“
12、上下文推理法”是指根据对上下文的语义和整个语篇的理解，进行适当的推理判断，因此需重点注意挖空处的上下文语境，判断清楚所要表达的含义。2. 真题探究技巧典例分析(1) 挖空处向下看适用于下文是对挖空处的解释或举例“ There must be a (an) 42 .” “Well. Yes.” His father said. “We have a really good excuse for forgetting your birthday, Walter. 33. A. answer B. reason C. plan D. example【答案】B【解析】根据下文“We have a re
13、ally good excuse”可知有一个很好的理由，故选B.His neighbor Cathy was a 34 girl. She had many friendsshe helped him. She talked a lot with him and sometimes played with him. 34. A. kind B. bad C. hard D. beautiful【答案】A【解析】根据下文“She had many friends, she helped him.”可知这个女孩很友善，故选A。(2) 挖空处向上看适用于上文是对挖空处的描述或举例 “Hows you
14、r day, my lovely angels?” _37_ Mr. Brown when he walks into the room37. A. answers B. asks C. talks D. tells【答案】B【解析】根据上文 “Hows your day, my lovely angels?”可知这是在询问今天怎么样，故选B。 “Great!” says both children. They learn their lessons well today, and both feel _38_. 38. A. sure B. sad C. happy D. bored【答案】
15、C【解析】根据上文“Great !”和“They learn their lessons well today”可知他们对自己这一天很满意，所以应该是开心的，故选C.(3) 挖空处上下看适用于挖空处是上文与下文的过渡“Itll be my birthday tomorrow.Ill have a birthday 37 . Will you come?38. A. card B. present C. cake D. party【答案】D【解析】根据上文“Itll be my birthday”和下文“Will you come?”可知明天我将举行生日party，故选D. 例题精讲 完形填空解
16、题技巧之上下文推理法 例1.The next day was Walters birthday. When he thought of 38 birthday presents, he couldnt waitAsendingBbuyingCgettingDgiving例2.There were no presents, not evena card. He was very 41 .AsadBhappyCnervousDcareful例3.My friends，we must keep in mind， “Time and tide wait for no man” Now we are s
17、till 60 It is the best time for us to learnAoldByoungCstrongDweak例4.Harry and Kates bedtime comes first. The little boy and girl 42 their dear father and mother a sweet good nightAteachBhaveCgiveDkiss 完形填空解题技巧之逻辑推理法 知识讲解 逻辑推理法1. 技巧点睛 “逻辑推理法”是根据文章的逻辑关系（如因果、并列、让步、转折、时间顺序、目的、条件、选择等）进行适当的推理判断，因此需特别注意挖空处
18、表示逻辑关系的连词（如and表并列，but和however表转折，because和so表因果，first of all、then和finally表顺序等）。2. 真题探究 技巧典例分析(1) and表并列and前后表达的意思应该保持一致，或存在一定的顺承含义Before he left，he would give me a big kiss(亲吻)on the face _38_tell me to be a good boy. 38. A. but B. so C. or D. and【答案】D【解析】根据上下文“give me a big kiss”和“ to be a good boy”
19、可知前后存在并列关系，选D(2) but和however表转折but前后表达的意思应该不一致.A city can buy more garbage cans（垃圾桶）. _31_usually that doesnt help much. In some cities，people dont use garbage cans. 31. A. But B. So C. Or D. And【答案】A【解析】根据上文“A city can.”下文“doesnt help much.”可知前后存在转折关系，因此选A。(3) because和so表因果某事的结果，because+原因某事的原因，so+
20、结果. Every day she came to the womans house and left a golden feather（羽毛）. She was happy 37 her life was better than before. 37. A. because B. or C. but D. so【答案】A【解析】根据下文“her life was better than before”可推断出“她开心是因为她的生活比之前要好多了”，故选A。 例题精讲 完形填空解题技巧之逻辑推理法 例1.Then at 9:00 I have science. It is difficult
21、32 interesting. Aso BorCbutDand例2.By watching TV, children can hear and watch at the same time, 39 they cant see anything over the radio.AandBorCsoDbut例3.Some said they had many classes in summer school. And many students even(甚至) thought their vacation was really 38 . AboringBinterestingCrelaxingDe
22、xciting例4.“I know. So part of the day was bad,” said Mr. Green. “ 38 tell me about the best thing today.”AandBorCbutDif 完形填空解题技巧之文化背景常识法 知识讲解 文化背景常识法1. 技巧点睛“文化背景常识法”是指完形填空的文章内容往往与我们的文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识，答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断。事实上，该技巧与“推理判断”常常交织在一起的，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理。需注意中外文化的差异性，不能总是用中国人看问
23、题的角度来看待其它国家发生的事情。2. 真题探究技巧典例分析Step 1: 了解特定文化背景Step 2: 辅之以推理判断One summer there was no 47 and the crops (庄稼) were dying.47. A. rain B. wind C. cloud D. river【答案】A【解析】根据生活常识我们应该知道庄稼死了，在这四个选项中只有没有雨可能成为其原因，故选A。Food is important. Everyone needs to 31 well if he or she wants to have a strong body.31. A. sl
24、eep B. read C. drink D. eat【答案】D【解析】根据上文“Food is important.”再结合常识可知吃得好对健康非常重要，故选D。 例题精讲 完形填空解题技巧之文化背景常识法 例1.Lunch is from 12:00 to 1:00, and after that we have Chinese. It is my favorite subject. Our Chinese teacher, Mrs. Wang, is great fun. My classes 34 at 1:50, but after that I have an art lesson
25、.AgetBopenCstartDfinish例2.We must make good use of every 62 and be the master of time. AminuteBweekCmonthDyear例3.But his life is not a bed of roses. It is 29 for him to travel. He cannot drive; he travels by bus.AeasyBgoodCbadDdifficult 完形填空解题技巧之固定搭配法 知识讲解 固定搭配法1. 技巧点睛完形填空以语境考查为主，但也有小部分题目考查语法知识、固定搭配
26、和固定句型，解题过程中我们需要结合所学固定搭配选出正确答案。2. 真题探究技巧典例分析(1) 根据固定搭配直接选择.David got home and thought 39 what he could give to Cathy.39. A. up B. out C. about D. for【答案】C【解析】根据后文的问题“what he could give to Cathy.”可知他在思考，固定词组 “think about”, 故选C。(2) 固定搭配+推理判断One is a boyThe other is a girlThey are 51 schoolThey study ha
27、rd.51. A. on B. for C. at D. with【答案】C【解析】根据上文“They study hard”可知孩子们在学校，再结合固定搭配“at school”为“在学校”的含义，故选C。 例题精讲 完形填空解题技巧之固定搭配法 例1.Zhu Hui is talking 29 the phone to his cousin in Shenzhen.AinBatCbyDon例2.By watching TV they can see and learn a lot and know many things 37 their country and the world.Ain
28、BwithCforDabout例3.They go to bed very late. They cant have 44 good rest.A/BtheCanDa例4.One of her hobbies is playing 28 piano.AaBanCtheD/ 当堂练习 完形填空练习1.My name is Sandra. I have a brother. _1_ name is Tom. We like different(不同的)sports. I like playing_2_. It is fun. I like tennis，too. _3_I dont like ba
29、sketball. It is _4_. My brother_5_ basketball. He has four basketballs. He _6_basketball every day. We like different _7_. I like eggs， apples and hamburgers _8_breakfast and dinner. For dessert(甜食), I like _9_. Tom likes oranges, chicken and carrots. We are _10_ because(因为) we often play sports and
30、 eat good food.AHeBSheCHerDHisAvolleyballBTVCwatchDorangesAAndBWithCButDOfAfunBdifficultCinterestingDfineAlikesBdont likeClikeDdoesnt likeAlooksBknowsCplaysDhasAfoodBbooksCcolorsDclassesAinBonCforDatAhamburgersBchickenCbreadDice creamAboringBhealthyCgreat Drelaxing练习2.Hi, boys and girls! Do you need
31、 good _1_? Welcome to our store! Our store is very_2_. We have lots of clothes in it and many of them are _3_. Every day _4_ people come and buy clothes in our store. We have _5_clerks: five boys and five girls. The _6_ in our store are cheap.Do you _7_ backpacks? We have many cheap backpacks. We _8
32、_ them for only 8 dollars. We also have pants, shoes, sweaters, shirts and shorts. They are in many _9_, blue, green, black, yellow and white. Do you _10_ these things? Come to our store, please.AbooksBvegetablesCclothesDhamburgersAbigBredCsmallDshortAin needBat schoolCon saleDon TVAnoBonlyCmanyDmuc
33、hAfiveBeightCnineDtenAclerksBbooksCthingsDpriceAtakeBneedCthankDmeetAsellBlostCbuyDfoundApricesBnamesCcolorsDnumbersAlikeBknowCwatchDbring 当堂测 完形填空练习1.Lan and Fred are _1_. They are both twelve years old, and they are in the same _2_ in their school. Last Friday afternoon they had a _3_ in class, an
34、d their teacher was very _4_. He said to both of them, “Stay here after the lessons this afternoon, and _5_ your names a thousand times.” After the last lesson, all the other boys _6_ home, but Lan and Fred stayed in the classroom with their _7_ and began writing their names. Then Fred began _8_. Th
35、e teacher looked at him and said, “_9_ are you crying, Fred?” “Because his names Lan May, and _10_ name is Frederick Hollingsworth,” Fred said. AfriendsBgirlsCbrothersDboysAroomBofficeCfamilyDclassAfightBrestCfriendDclassmateAhappyBniceCangryDworriedAcallBwriteCmeetDchangeAwentBgotCleftDcameAbrother
36、BclassmateCteacherDfatherAlaughingBtalkingCplayingDcryingAHowBWhyCWhenDWhereAherByourCmyDhis练习2.It started 30 years ago with a squirrel. A few months after I had moved into a downtown_1_ my next-door neighbor, Nicole Figaro, knocked, asking for help with a squirrel that had gotten into her fatI frig
37、htened the unexpected _2_ away and made a new friend. Soon Nicole was inviting me over fordinneror_3_home-made food at my door. When I went to my beach house, Nicole helped_4_my mail and water my plants. And when she traveled as a flight attendant, I did the same for her. Wherever she went, shed_5_t
38、o bring me wonderful gifts, but her smile has been the greatest of all. In 1997, I had a lovely child and it was Nicole who took care of me and him. Years later, I returned the favour. I helped out when her husband was sick, _6_ her and giving her support. , More and more, we drew inspiration from e
39、ach other. _7_, the pandemic hit. My husband was out of work and my son couldnt be back to Britain because of the virus. I was _8_ about them. Nicole helped my family to prepare for the pandemic and shared necessities with me. Without her, I couldnt go through 9_times. A 10 might separate our flats
40、and masks can separate the viruses, but nothing is able to separate our hearts. 1. A. houseB. flatC. streetD. area2. A. customerB. hostC. guestD. enemy3. A. sellingB. makingC. postingD. leaving 4. A. look forB. copy downC. pick upD. hold out 5. A. forgetB. keepC. thinkD. remember 6. A. helping outB. staying withC. smiling atD. depending on7. A. EspeciallyB. ActuallyC. GenerallyD. Unluckily8. A. worriedB. madC. nervousD. serious9. A. excitingB. simpleC. difficultD. good10. A. room B. wallC. yardD. garden 当堂总结