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1、英语书面表达精讲与精练书面表达1、命题原则1) 提供交际情景。2) 强调试题的真实性。3）控制答题内容。 2、命题特点1）内容字数，控制写作。书面表达题是高考英语测试中唯一的一道主观性试题，属于控制性写作。写作的内容，考查要点都是一定的。另外，短文的体裁、人称、字数都有严格的限制，有时还限定短文的开头和结尾，因此写作自由发挥的空间不是很大。2）强调运用，贴近生活。历年的高考书面表达试题选材内容都与学生的学习、生活以及共同关注的社会焦点和热门话题息息相关，均为学生熟悉的人或事，贴近学生的学能，有利于学生组织材料，易于写作。命题强调了实际运用理念，突出了生活特色，体现了较为鲜明的时代性、思想性和人
2、文关怀。3）情景丰富，体裁多样。文字提纲、表格信息、图表说明、英文短诗、图片、连环画等。短文的体裁也多种多样，从常见的应用文书信、电子邮件，到记叙文、说明文，乃至小议论文，都出现在今年的高考英语试题中，尤其是应用文体书信占据主流位置。简单的小议论文写作也成为一种命题趋势。3、解题方法 1)认真审题，明确要求。(1)审文体。首先要弄清写何种体裁的文章。体裁有记叙文，应用文，议论文等。应用文又包括书信，通知，日记，便条等。(2)审人称。即要弄清书面表达要用第一人称，第二人称，还是第三人称。(3)审时态。记叙文尤其日记多以一般过去时为主，说明文和议论文多以一般现在时为主。 2)紧扣主题，安排要点。书
3、面表达评分的主要依据是内容，因此在认真审题，弄清题意的基础上，要逐个地完整无缺地把内容要点列出来，对于以图画或图表为内容的提示，更要仔细观察。写作时必要的细节要紧扣主题，发挥要适度，不要太随意。 3)选词造句，准确表达。一篇好的文章，要尽可能使用较多的词语和句式结构，如：从句、非谓语动词结构、插入语、谚语、倒装句、强调句、被动结构和其他常见句型。如：1.Many people believe that we should keep our own tradition不如换成It is widely believed that we should keep our own tradition.
4、2.This is the best hotel you can find here可以改为You cant find a better hotel here或Nowhere else can you find a better hotel. 3.We can solve the problem only when everybody takes action 不如改为：Only when everybody takes action can we solve the problem会更好。 4)连句成篇，行文连贯。一篇好的书面表达要有合理的段落层次，让人感觉条理清新，易得高分。每一段落要有一
5、个主题句和几个支撑句。一般文章有三段：主题段-提出问题或论点；发展段-围绕主题讨论、论据或列举；结尾段-得出结论，即论证。为了使文章结构紧凑，自然流畅，段落之间要使用适当的过度语；句子之间要使用合理的逻辑衔接词。如：It was very noisy， I could hardly go to sleep.这句话可以修改为：It was so noisy that I could hardly go to sleep / I could hardly go to sleep because it was very noisy / As a result of the noise， I coul
6、d hardly go to sleep / With so much noise， I could hardly go to sleep 等等。 5）书面表达特别注意事项。卷面要干净，字迹要工整。阅卷者首先是凭印象归档，看你的作文够得上什么等级，所以第一印象最为重要，正所谓先入为主，因此开头几句和结尾几句显得特别重要：阅卷者大多是大学老师和高中老师，因此他们往往注重语言的地道程度，一两句“中国式”英语可能会使你的作文大打折扣，至少会引起他查找更多错误的意向。直接切题，不宜过多发挥。书面表达不同于翻译。遇到生词、难句要换个角度、换个说法表达。 典例1假定你是李华，正在英国接受英语培训，住在一户
7、英国人家里。今天你的房东Mrs Wilson 不在家，你准备外出，请给Mrs Wilson 写一留言条，内容包括： 1外出购物 2替房东还书 3Tracy 来电话留言：1）咖啡屋（Bolton Coffee）见面取消 2）此事已告知Susan 3) 尽快回电 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Mrs Wilson, _ Li Hua 【写作点拨】 1、首先审题，了解到文章格式是留言条，按此格式行文。 2、组织要点go out shopping，return books，couldnt meet you at Bolton Coffee，call her back
8、，tell Susan about this change. 3、连词成句Im going out shopping，I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the City Library. Tracy called, saying that she couldnt meet you at Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning as she has something important to attend to.She wanted you to call her back as so
9、on as you are home. She has already told Susan about this change. 4、连句成篇，行文连贯，形成反文如下：【参考范文】 Mrs Wilson, Im going out shopping, and wont be back until about 5:00 pm. I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the City Library. At about 1 oclock this afternoon, Tracy called, saying t
10、hat she couldnt meet you at Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning as she has something important to attend to. She felt very sorry about that, but said that you could set some other time for the meeting. She wanted you to call her back as soon as you are home. She has already told Susan about this change.
11、Li Hua 典例2假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Sarah 打算暑期来北京旅游，来信询问改建后前门大街的情况。请你写封回信，简单介绍以下内容： 1. 简况：长800余米、600多年历史、300余家商铺； 2. 位置：天安门广场南面； 3. 交通：公共汽车17、69、59等路，地铁2号线； 4. 特色：步行街、当当车、茶馆、剧院等。 参考词汇：步行街 pedestrian street 当当车 trolley car 地铁 subway 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头语已为你写好，请将完整的回信书写在答题卡上。Dear Sarah,Thank y
12、ou for your letter asking about the rebuilt Qianmen street. Here is something about it. _【写作点拨】 1、审题得知是书信格式，开头已给出，只需写正文。2、写出要点： a famous street of over 600 years old，Along this 800-meter street, more than 300 shops，in the center of Beijing, to the south of Tiananmen Square, You may take Buses No. 17
13、, 69 or 59. Subway Line 2 has a stop there. Qianmen Street is a pedestrian street, trolley cars to take you to the shops, to chatters and teahouses等.3、连词成句： a famous street of over 600 years old. Along this 800-meter street, there are more than 300 shops. As the street is in the center of Beijing, j
14、ust to the south of Tiananmen Square, You may take Buses No. 17, 69 or 59. Subway Line 2 has a stop there too. Qianmen Street is a pedestrian street, but there are trolley cars to take you not only to the shops, but also to chatters and teahouses where you can experience a truly Chinese way of life.
15、 4、核对补充，使行文连贯，范文如下：【参考范文】 Dear Sarah,Thank you for your letter for asking about the rebuilt Qianmen Street. Here is something about it. Qianmen Street is a famous street of over 600 years old. Along this 800-meter street, there are more than 300 shops. As the street is in the center of Beijing, just
16、 to the south of Tiananmen Square, its very convenient to get there by bus. You may take Buses No. 17, 69 or 59. Subway Line 2 has a stop there too. Qianmen Street is a pedestrian street, but there are trolley cars to take you not only to the shops, but also to chatters and teahouses where you can e
17、xperience a truly Chinese way of life. Im sure youll like it. 典例 3某国际动物关爱协会面向全球中学生招募“动物代言人”，希望申请选择一种自己喜欢的动物，为之代言（speak for）。假设你是重庆新华中学的学生李华，有意参加该活动。先请你用英文在线填写申请表（仅需填写“申请陈述”部分，）内容如下：表示有意参加说明自己富有爱心、关爱动物打算为何种动物代言，并说明理由希望申请成功 Application Form(申请表)(申请表主要内容有：姓名：李华 性别：男 年龄：18 电子邮件地址：lihua 申请陈述开头：I am a stu
18、dent from Xinhua Middle School in Chongqing, China.)注意：请在答题卡规定区域内作答;词数100左右；“申请陈述”第一句已经给出，不计入总词数。【写作点拨】 1、审题得知是申请，只需写正文。 2、写出要点： from Xinhua Middle School，like to be a spokesman for animals， to try my best to protect them，like animalss, especially polar bears, want to speak for polar bears，weather i
19、s getting warmer and warmer, some people kill polar bears for their own sake，the number of polar bears is becoming smaller and smalle, I apply for the spokesman for polar bears sincerely等。 3、连词成句： I am a student from Xinhua Middle School in Chongqing, China. I would like to be a spokesman for animal
20、s to try my best to protect them. I like animals very much and I have a loving heart for animals, especially polar bears. I want to speak for polar bears.the balance of nature is being destroyed and the weather is getting warmer and warmer. some people kill polar bears for their own sake. the number
21、 of polar bears is becoming smaller and smaller. to increase peoples awareness of protecting polar bears, I apply for the spokesman for polar bears sincerely.I hope I can be chosen as a spokesman for polar bears.4、核对补充，使行文连贯，范文如下：【参考范文】 I am a student from Xinhua Middle School in Chongqing, China. I
22、 would like to be a spokesman for animals to try my best to protect them. I like animals very much and I have a loving heart for animals, especially polar bears,. So I want to speak for polar bears. Nowadays, the balance of nature is being destroyed and the weather is getting warmer and warmer. What
23、s more, some people kill polar bears for their own sake. As a consequence, the number of polar bears is becoming smaller and smaller. So, in order to increase peoples awareness of protecting polar bears, I apply for the spokesman for polar bears sincerely. I do hope I can be chosen as a spokesman fo
24、r polar bears. 典例4 某校英文报开辟了一个专栏：Experience。本期话题是如何解决学习中遇到的困难。请你以“My Approach to Difficulties in Learning”为题，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈自己的做法。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.短文中不能出现本人相关信息。【写作点拨】 1、审题得知是短文，只需写自己的看法。 2、写出要点： difficulty to another in the process of learning，Everyone has their own way to deal with them，I usually refer
25、 to relevant learning materials . In this way, improve my ability to overcome problems，turn to my classmates or teachers for help, ask my parents for advice, made steady progress in my studies等。 3、连词成句：As high school students, we run into one difficulty to another in the process of learning. Everyon
26、e has their own way to deal with them. When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or Web pages. I can not only work it out but also improve my ability to overcome problems. when it is something beyond my competence, I turn to my classmates or teachers
27、 for help.I also ask my parents for advice. I have made steady progress in my studies. 4、核对补充，使行文连贯，范文如下：【参考范文】 My Approach to Difficulties in Learning As high school students, we run into one difficulty to another in the process of learning. Everyone has their own way to deal with them. Here I woul
28、d like to share mine. When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or Web pages. In this way, I can not only work it out but also improve my ability to overcome problems all by myself. However, when it is something beyond my competence, I turn to my cla
29、ssmates or teachers for help. Sometimes, I also ask my parents for advice. As a result, I have made steady progress in my studies. 典例5 最近，某中学生英文报开设了“After-class Activities”的栏目。请你根据以下提示，为该栏目写一篇英文稿件，并鼓励同学们积极参加课外活动。你校开展课外活动的情况；你参加过的课外活动及给你带来的益处；位同学选择课外活动提出建议；为学校课外活动提出建议。注意：词数100左右；文中不得提及人名、校名及地名；稿件的开头已
30、为你写好（不计入 总词数）。 After-class Activities Nowadays, after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools. 【写作点拨】 1、审题得知是英文稿件，内容是鼓励同学们积极参加课外活动。 2、写出要点： after-class activities，more and more popular，there are various kinds of activities: arts and sports, We enjoy them, Playing football
31、 and reading stories, building my body and enriching my knowledge, they also free me from study. Here I have some suggestions, students should choose activities, organize more activities for students, leave students more time for activities by giving less homework, please actively take part in after
32、-class activities, make your school life colorful, improve your learning.等。 3、连词成句：after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools. In our school, there are various kinds of activities: arts and sports. We enjoy them very much. Playing football and reading stories are my fa
33、vorites. It does me lots of good, building my body and enriching my knowledge, they also free me from heavy study. I have some suggestions, students must choose activities which interest you and suit you; to schools, they should organize more activities for students and leave students more time for
34、activities by giving less homework, please actively take part in after-class activities, it will not only make your school life colorful, but also improve your learning.4、核对补充，使行文连贯，范文如下：【参考范文】 After-class Activities Nowadays, after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools
35、. In our school, there are various kinds of activities, for example, arts and sports. We enjoy them very much. Playing football and reading stories are my favorites which do me lots of good. Besides, building my body and enriching my knowledge, they also free me from heavy work of study. Here I have
36、 some suggestions. To students, youd better choose activities which interest you and suit you; to schools, they should organize more activities for students and leave students more time for activities by giving less homework. Dear friends, please actively take part in after-class activities, which will not only make your school life colorful, but also improve your learning.6