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1、2019版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题（4）李仕才Part A：完形填空AOne day in winter, a couple of good friends headed for a frozen lake nearby to skate on ice. The boys were between five and ten years old. When they were skating, one of the boys headed deeper into the lake, but _1_ he found himself skating on very _2_ ice. B
2、efore he could _3_ it, he had fallen through the ice into the icy water below. Having seen this, his friends _4_ towards him but could not get him out of the lake _5_ the ice layer had formed back and the boy was _6_ under the transparent layer. They could see him _7_ but could do nothing to help hi
3、m. Then one of his friends _8_ to see a tree in the distance. He skated to it as fast as he could, _9_ a branch and then with all his _10_ he started digging into the ice. His work proved _11_ and he managed to make a hole _12_enough to pull his friend out.By the time the ambulance arrived, a small
4、crowd had gathered. They were all _13_ the rescuer for his _14_and calmness. However, they were all surprised as well, and _15_ how a young boy could break such a big branch. _16_， the branch was bigger and heavier than what a person of that age group could carry, drag it to the spot and _17_ it aga
5、in and again to hammer a hole in the ice. It looked like a superhuman _18_. How? How did he manage to do it? It was impossible! During the _19_， an old man spoke up, “I know how he did it.” Everybody looked at him in _20_. The old man said, “He could do it because there was nobody around him who sai
6、d he couldnt！”1. A. unfortunatelyB. probablyC. unfairly D. hardly2. A. cold B. heavyC. light D. thin3. A. stand B. realizeC. clear D. protect4. A. shouted B. laughedC. rushed D. waved5. A. because B. thoughC. if D. unless6. A. sent B. pushedC. trapped D. seated7. A. shaking B. strugglingC. trying D.
7、 breathing8. A. seemed B. continuedC. wanted D. happened9. A. borrowed B. touchedC. broke D. climbed10. A. strength B. wealthC. interest D. freedom11. A. true B. successfulC. attractive D. risky12. A. bright B. deepC. large D. round13. A. praising B. comfortingC. encouraging D. advising14. A. honest
8、y B. braveryC. generosity D. knowledge15. A. imagined B. repliedC. imitated D. wondered16. A. Obviously B. HopefullyC. Delightfully D. Occasionally17. A. throw B. raiseC. turn D. knock18. A. sign B. lessonC. effort D. idea19. A. performance B. breakC. meeting D. discussion20. A. advance B. silenceC.
9、 despair D. belief文章大意小男孩是怎么做到别人认为不可能的事情的呢？因为没人说他做不到。1. A。不幸的是(unfortunately)，小男孩发现自己在一处很薄的(thin)冰上滑冰。2. D。参见上题解析。3. B。小男孩还没反应过来，就掉下去了。realize“明白，认识到”，符合语境。4. C。其他几个男孩看到同伴掉到水里都冲(rushed)了过去。5. A。空处后为“could not get him out of the lake”的原因，故用because。6. C。根据“the ice layer had formed back”可知，小男孩被困在冰下面了。t
10、rap“困住”，符合语境。7. B。根据常识可知，小男孩应该是在冰下面挣扎(struggling)。8. D。根据“a tree in the distance”可推知，有个男孩碰巧看见远处的一棵树。happen to do sth.“碰巧做某事”。9. C。根据“he started digging into the ice”可推知，那个男孩折(broke)了一个树枝。10. A。要在冰上凿一个洞，小男孩当然要用尽自己所有的力气(strength)。11. B。根据下文的“he managed to make a hole”可知，小男孩成功了。故选B项。12. C。根据后面的“enough
11、to pull his friend out”可知，小男孩凿开的洞要足够大(large)。13. A。他们都在表扬(praising)小男孩的勇敢(bravery)和冷静。14. B。参见上题解析。15. D。根据前面的“they were all surprised”可知，他们很想知道(wondered)小男孩是怎么做到的。16. A。根据“the branch was bigger and heavier”可知，树枝比较大、比较沉，像他那样大的孩子显然(Obviously)是拿不动的。17. B。根据后面的“to hammer a hole”可推知，小男孩要一次又一次地举起(raise)树
12、枝才能砸冰。18. C。这里用effort指小男孩非凡的努力。19. D。根据上文的“How did he manage to do it？”可知，人们在议论小男孩是怎么做到的。故选D项。20. B。老人要说明原因，大家当然是静静地看着他。故选B项。B(2015呼和浩特第一次调研)The 100th Running Shoe KeychainWhen I was in grade 6，I joined the cross country running club.I hated running but _1_ because my friends were in the club.I work
13、ed hard but no matter how hard I trained，I _2_ came in the last.After yet another meet where I came in last，I told my coach that I was going to _3_.I couldnt run.I hated running and all I was doing was pulling the _4_ down.I dont remember his words，but I do remember he _5_ to let me quit.I remember
14、feeling that he believed in me even though I didnt believe in myself.I kept _6_ and participating in the meets.He never gave up on me.Instead，he always encouraged me to keep going，and told me that I could do it.Then the final meet came，a huge _7_ with less than two hundred students running.We learne
15、d that not only the first 20 students _8_ the line would win an award，but also the first 100 would be given a running shoe keychain as encouragement.We set off and I quickly _9_ behind.I didnt stop and kept running.My friends who _10_ me encouraged me to keep running.When I passed the _11_，finally，a
16、nd received the 100th keychain，there were still several students behind me.For the first time，I was not the _12_ one！I remember how excited I felt and how my friends felt happy for me.The following week there was a school gathering.We were all called up in front of the school.The coach shared that w
17、e were high _13_ at the meet，and almost everyone on the team came home with _14_.I felt ashamed，for I was the one who didnt win an award.I only came in the 100th place and didnt _15_ his praise.Then he came behind me，put his hands on my shoulders and told the school he was _16_ of me because I never
18、 gave up and because of that，I pulled from last _17_ to the middle of the racewhich was an unbelievable personal _18_.He spoke on how we all _19_ one another and how well we worked together，_20_ we all were racing alone.I still keep that keychain，which tells me never to give up and always work with
19、others.It doesnt matter if you are the first；what matters is doing your best.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。不擅跑步的作者加入跑步俱乐部在比赛中屡屡失意。作者萌生退意，后来在教练的鼓励和队友的支持下取得了很大进步，从而得出了不轻言放弃、要与他人合作的人生感悟。1A.joined BobeyedCagreed Dpractised解析：选A。考查动词辨析。join意为“参加，加入”；obey意为“服从，遵守”；agree意为“同意”；practise意为“练习”。由文章第一句中的“joined”提示可知，作者尽管不喜欢跑
20、步，但还是因为自己的朋友参加了而加入了跑步俱乐部。故答案选A。2A.approximately BconstantlyCpersonally Dabsolutely解析：选B。考查副词辨析。approximately意为“大约”；constantly意为“始终，一直”；personally意为“亲自地，个别地”；absolutely意为“完全地，绝对地”。空格前一分句为让步状语从句，所以此空格所在的句子应与前一分句构成转折。由此可知，此处指不管作者怎么努力训练但还是经常跑最后一名。这与下文作者想退出比赛相呼应。故答案选B。3A.fall BloseCquit Drest解析：选C。考查动词辨析
21、。fall意为“摔倒，掉下”；lose意为“丢失，失败”；quit意为“退出”；rest意为“休息”。由上文可知，作者经常跑最后一名，在经历了又一次失败后，作者告诉教练自己想退出俱乐部的比赛。故答案选C。4A.score BcoachCrecord Dteam解析：选D。考查名词辨析。score意为“分数”；coach意为“教练”；record意为“记录”；team意为“队伍”。结合语境可知，作者退赛的原因是讨厌跑步并且自己一直在拖队伍的后腿。pull down意为“拖后腿”。故答案选D。5A.regretted BforbadeChesitated Drefused解析：选D。考查动词辨析。
22、regret意为“后悔”；forbid意为“禁止”；hesitate意为“犹豫”；refuse意为“拒绝”。根据下文作者继续训练与参加比赛的事实可知，作者提出退赛时，教练没有同意。故答案选D。6A.begging BtrainingCfailing Dapplying解析：选B。考查动词辨析。beg意为“乞求”；train意为“训练”；fail意为“失败”；apply意为“申请”。根据句中“kept”和“and participating in the meets”可知，教练拒绝了作者的退赛请求并给予作者鼓励与信任，因此作者又继续训练了。故答案选B。7A.amount BsuccessCaff
23、air Dhonour解析：选C。考查名词辨析。amount意为“数量”；success意为“成功”；affair意为“事件”；honour意为“荣耀”。此空格所在部分为“the final meet”的同位语，是对它进行解释。由空格后的参赛选手数量“less than two hundred students”可知，本次比赛为一场大型赛事。故答案选C。8A.across BbeyondCover Dto解析：选A。考查介词辨析。across意为“(从表面)通过”；beyond意为“(抽象意义上的)超越”；over意为“(从上方)越过”；to意为“到达”。根据句意可知，此处指完成比赛跑过终点线
24、的前20名选手将获奖。故答案选A。9A.followed BkeptCleft Dfell解析：选D。考查动词辨析。follow意为“跟随”；keep意为“保持”；leave意为“留下”；fall意为“落下”。fall behind意为“落后”，为固定搭配。本句句意为：我们开始跑了，我很快就落后了。C项为干扰项，如选用，须用被动语态，故排除。故答案选D。10A.helped BpassedCinspired Dsupported解析：选B。考查动词辨析。help意为“帮助”；pass意为“路过”；inspire意为“启发”；support意为“支持”。根据文意可知，作者落后了，许多作者的朋友们
25、从作者身边跑过时都鼓励他继续奔跑。故答案选B。11A.field BtestCline Dmatch解析：选C。考查名词辨析。field意为“田地，场地”；test意为“测验”；line意为“(终点)线”；match意为“比赛”。根据此空格前的“passed”和空格后的“finally”提示可知，作者最终跑过了终点线。故答案选C。12A.last BleastCquickest Dfarthest解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。last意为“最后的”；least“最少的”；quickest意为“最快的”；farthest意为“最远的”。根据上一句中的“received the 100th keyc
26、hain”可知，作者跑了第100名。上文提到参赛选手有将近200名，所以有史以来第一次，作者不是最后一名。故答案选A。13A.speeds BspotsCquality Dchance解析：选B。考查名词辨析。speed意为“速度”；spot意为“点”；quality意为“质量”；chance意为“机会”。本句及之后的内容表明教练在表扬队员，此空格前有“high”，与spots搭配有“亮点”的意思，指队员们是比赛场上的亮点。故答案选B。14A.presents BawardsCwishes Dkeychains解析：选B。考查名词辨析。present意为“礼物”；award意为“奖项”；wis
27、h意为“愿望”；keychain意为“钥匙圈”。由比赛奖励规则可知，前20名获得奖项，前100名获得运动鞋钥匙圈奖励。根据后一句“I felt ashamed，for I was the one who didnt win an award.”可知，大部分队友都获得了award(奖项)。故答案选B。15A.deserve BvalueCbelieve Drequest解析：选A。考查动词辨析。deserve意为“应得”；value意为“看重”；believe意为“相信”；request意为“要求”。根据上文可知，作者没有获得奖项，只得到第100名，于是感到羞愧，觉得自己没资格获得教练的表扬。故
28、答案选A。16A.aware BsureCcapable Dproud解析：选D。考查形容词辨析。aware意为“意识到的”；sure意为“确定的”；capable意为“胜任的”；proud意为“自豪的”。根据空格后的“because I never gave up and because. unbelievable personal.”可知，教练为作者不放弃并取得的巨大进步感到自豪。故答案选D。17A.number BplaceCrace Dminute解析：选B。考查名词辨析。number意为“数量”；place意为“位置，名次”；race意为“比赛”；minute意为“分钟”。此处指教练
29、表扬“我”从最后一名上升到中间的名次。故答案选B。18A.victory BambitionCmatter Dopinion解析：选A。考查名词辨析。victory意为“胜利”；ambition意为“野心”；matter意为“物质，事情”；opinion意为“观点，看法”。本句中，教练表扬“我”经过努力提升了名次，这对“我”自己来说是一个难以置信的胜利。故答案选A。19A.introduced BencouragedCproved Dattracted解析：选B。考查动词辨析。introduce意为“介绍”；encourage意为“鼓励”；prove意为“证明”；attract意为“吸引”。此
30、处指教练表扬“我们”彼此相互鼓励与合作，与文章第二段中的“My friends who _ me encouraged me to keep running.”相呼应。故答案选B。20A.as if Bin caseCeven though Das long as解析：选C。考查连词辨析。as if意为“似乎”；in case意为“万一”；even though意为“即使”；as long as意为“只要”。本句为从句，由逗号前的主句中“together”和从句中的“alone”可知，此从句与主句构成转折关系，应为让步状语从句，句意为：他说尽管我们都是独自参加比赛，但我们相互鼓励与合作。故答案
31、选C。Part B：短文语法填空Philip was a junior office assistant in a large company. He was quite ambitious, so he was keen to make a good 1._ (impress) on the boss. He often stayed late at the office, to show 2._ committed and hardworking he was. One evening, he was just 3._ to go home when he saw his boss 4._
32、 (stand) in front of the shredder (碎纸机), holding a document.“Ah, Philip! Im glad youre still here in the office！”said the boss，“Good 5._ (see) all your hard work and professionalism. Now I wonder if you could help me.”“Of course，” replied Philip.“Its no trouble.”“Good man! You see, my secretary has
33、already gone home 6._ I havent got a clue how this thing works. Its so important that I have to get this done before tomorrow. If you 7._ (can) do this one more thing before you go home, Id 8._ (real) appreciate it.”“No problem，” said Philip, 9._ (happiness) to be asked to do such a simple job.He to
34、ok the document from his boss, turned on the machine, inserted the document and pressed the start button.“Thats excellent，” said the boss, as the document vanished into the shredder (碎纸机). “I just need two 10._ (copy).”【参考答案】1impression make a good impression on sb.是固定短语，意为“给某人留下好印象”。2how句意：他经常在办公室里
35、待到很晚，以此来显示他是多么地敬业和勤奋。“committed”和“hardworking”是形容词，所以用副词how修饰，表示程度。3about固定句型 be about to do sth. when .意为“正要做某事时突然”。故填 about。4standing动词see后通常接动词原形或现在分词作宾语补足语，此处表示正在发生的动作，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。5to see分析句子结构可知，形容词“Good”前省略了it is，所以用动词不定式作真正的主语。6and分析句子结构可知，此处用连词and连接两个并列的句子。7could根据主句中的谓语动词可知，此处是指与现在事实相反的虚拟，所以if引导的条件状语从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去时。故填could。8really应用副词修饰动词“appreciate”。real的副词形式为 really。9happy根据语境可知，Philip很高兴被要求做这样简单的工作。分析句子结构可知，空格处用形容词happy作状语，表伴随。10copies根据数词“two”可知，此处名词应使用复数形式。copy的复数形式为copies。9