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1、英桥高级中学英桥高级中学 2021-2022 学年高一下学期期中考试学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题英语试题第一部分基础知识(55 分)（一）写出下列单词（20 分）1 尴尬2 使命3 保证4 渴望5 成绩6 射出7 起源8 物种9 使受伤10 原谅11 减轻12 批评13 捐赠14 证明(v)15 适应16 现实17 策略18 疾病19 信号20 短缺写出下列短语（20 分）1 突然大笑 breaka smile2 对感激 be grateful3 提前advance4 保持联系 keeptouch5 使.高兴起来 cheer6 此外addition7 全神关注于 concentrate8 向
2、.道歉 apologise9 与.交流 communicate10 在.方面terms of11 被控制住controlt12 由于 due13 偶然accident14 使失望 let15 吸一口气 takebreath16 帮一把 help17 站起身来 riseones feet18 放弃 give19 提出 come up20 得益于 benefit(三）单句语法填空（10 分）1 I was determined(make)my dream come true.2you nor I was well-educated.3 The teacher,as well as his stud
3、ents(be)going to plant treestomorrow.4is important is that you point out his mistake.5 The water isdirty that it makes them sick.6 It was the four great inventions inAncient Chinachanged theworld forever.7 Deeply(move)by the story,the children began to cry.8 The job market has changed and our approa
4、ch to(find)work mustchangeas well.9 I can(accurate)express the feelings I have.10 So far,more than one scientist(make)great advances inscience.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChoose Your One-Day TourTourA-BathStonehengeStonehengeincludingincluding en
5、tranceentrance feesfees toto thethe ancientancientRomanRoman bathroomsbathrooms andand Stonehenge-Stonehenge-3737 UntilUntil 2626 marchmarch andand 3939 thereafter.thereafter.VisitVisit thethe citycity withwith overover 20002000 yearsyears ofof historyhistory andand BathBath Abbey,Abbey,thethe Royal
6、RoyalCrescentCrescent andand thethe CostumeCostume Museum,Museum,StonehengeStonehenge isis oneone ofof thethe worldworlds s mostmostfamousfamous prehistoricprehistoric monumentsmonuments datingdating backback overover 50005000 years.years.TourTour B Boxfordoxford StratfordStratfordincludingincluding
7、entranceentrancefeesfees toto thetheUniversityUniversity StSt MaryMarys s ChurchChurch TowerTower andand AnneAnne HathawayHathaways s house-house-3232 untiluntil1212 MarchMarch andand 3636 thereafter.thereafter.Oxford:Oxford:IncludesIncludes a a guidedguided tourtour ofof EnglishEnglishs s oldestold
8、est universityuniversity citycity andandcollege.college.LookLook overover“thethe citycity ofof dreamingdreaming spires(spires(顶尖顶尖)”fromfrom StSt MaryMarys sChurchChurch Tower.Tower.Stratford:Stratford:IncludesIncludes a a guidedguided tourtour exploringexploring muchmuch ofof thetheShakespeareShake
9、speare wonder.wonder.TourTour C CWindsorWindsor CastleCastle HamptonHampton CourCourt tincludingincluding entranceentrancefeesfees toto HamptonHampton CourtCourt PalacePalace-3434 untiluntil 1111 MarchMarch andand 3737 thereafter.thereafter.IncludesIncludes a a guidedguided tourtour ofof WindsorWind
10、sor andand HamptonHampton Court,Court,HenryHenry VIIIVIIIs sfavoritefavorite palace.palace.FreeFree timetime toto VisitVisit WindsorWindsor CastleCastle(entrance(entrance feesfees notnotincludedincluded）WithWith 500500 yearsyears ofof history,history,HamptonHampton CourtCourt waswas onceonce thethe
11、homehomeofof fourfour KingsKings andand oneone Queen.Queen.NowNow thisthis formerformer royalroyal palacepalace isis openopen toto thethepublicpublic asas a a majormajor touristtourist attraction.attraction.VisitVisit thethe palacepalace andand itsits variousvarioushistorichistoric gardens,gardens,w
12、hichwhich includeinclude thethe famousfamous mazemaze(迷宫迷宫)wherewhere itit isis easyeasytoto getget lost!lost!TourTour D DCambridgeCambridgeincludingincluding entranceentrance feesfees toto thethe TowerTower ofof SaintSaintMaryMary thethe GreatGreat-3333 untiluntil 1818 MarchMarch andand 3737 therea
13、fter.thereafter.IncludesIncludes a a guidedguided tourtour ofof Cambridge,Cambridge,thethe famousfamous universityuniversity town,town,andand thethegardensgardens ofof thethe 1818ththcentury.21 Which tour will you choose if you want to see Englishs oldest university city?ATourABTour BCTour CD Tour D
14、22 Which of the following tours charge the lowest fee on 17 March/AWindsor Castle Hampton CourtB oxfordoxford StratfordStratfordCBathStonehengeStonehengeD D CambridgeCambridge2323 WhyWhy isis HamptonHampton CourtCourt a a majormajor touristtourist attraction?attraction?A AItIt usedused toto bebe the
15、the homehome ofof royalroyal families.families.B BItIt usedused toto bebe a a well-knownwell-known maze.maze.C CItIt isis thethe oldestoldest palacepalace inin Britain.Britain.D DItIt isis a a worldworld famousfamous castle.castle.BGrowing up,Deka Ismail says she let labels define what she could be.
16、“I was ablack girl,from a refugee(难民)family，”Deka said.“It was as if I was only allowedto explore in this predetermined（预定的）box.”After a high school chemistry class inspired her to think about a career in scienceand gave her confidence in the field,Deka learned to live outside labels and beganmaking
17、 big plans for her future.Now she is about to begin her freshman year at theUniversity of California,planning to become a professor.Born and raised in San Diegos City Heights neighborhood,Deka is the daughterof a Somali refugee couple.While some might say Dekas success happened in spiteof her backgr
18、ound,she would say differently,that experiences shaped her and inspiredher to be the driven,young scientist that she is today.When Deka was eight years old,her mother got a job by studying hard back inschool in order to support the whole family.That made Deka realize that educationcould make a diffe
19、rence to ones life.She spent a lot of time in the library readingbooks,and didnt do many of the things her peers did,like partying or havingromantic relationships.“I always felt like I had to be the perfect girl for my family，”Deka said.“Youhave to do your best and do much better than everyone else.
20、I felt like the wholeworld was waiting for me to mess up.”Dekas efforts paid off.The summer before her senior year of high school,shewas accepted to the American Chemical Society Project SEED Programme.“Shebrought both enthusiasm and focus，”Botham,a researcher at this research institute,recalled.“Sh
21、e arrived every day ready to work,ready to learn and ready to tackle newchallenges regardless of whether or not she had done anything similar.”When asked what advice she would give to others like her,Deka warned themnot to underestimate（低估）themselves.“Dont tell yourself that scholarship（奖学金）is too b
22、ig or this programme is too competitive or Ill never get into thisschool，”she said.“I was not sure whether I could make it until I started seeing theacceptance letters rolling in.”24What can we learn from the passage?ADeka was adopted by a refugee family.BDeka became a professor after graduation.CDe
23、kas experiences drove her to work hard.DDeka spent a lot of time going to parties.25Deka realized the importance of education.Aafter her chemistry classBfrom her mothers experienceCby reading books in the libraryDthrough working at the institute26According to the last paragraph,Deka advised that stu
24、dents should be.ApatientBambitiousCconfidentDgenerous27What does the story intend to tell us?ALife is not all roses.BPractice makes perfect.CWell begun is half done.DHard work leads to success.CA ten-year-old boy from Howell,Michigan is being praised as a hero thanks to hispersistence(坚 持)that led t
25、o saving the life of an elderly neighbor.The eventhappened late in an evening when Danny DiPietro was being driven home fromhockey practice by his mom.Thats when the young boy noticed an open garage and a figure that he believedwas a dog outside an apartment building near his house.Given the freezin
26、g weather,the young boy got a feeling that something was not right.But instead of giving it uplike most kids at his age,he insisted that his mother,Dawn,find out what wasgoing on.Dawn tried to make Danny believe that no one would leave a dog out insuch coldweather,but he refused to take no for an an
27、swer.Dawn finally gave in and decided to drive to the area with the family dog and seeif there was any truth in Dannys hunch(直觉).Sure enough,as she got closer to theapartment building she noticed a garage that was wide open and someone wavingmadly for help.Upon getting there,she realized that it was
28、 not a dog the young boyhad seen,but Kathleen St.Onge.The 80-year-old woman had fallen down on some icein front of her garage and had been lying there for two hours,unable to get up.Dawn rushed home to get her husband to help and called 911.The two thenreturned with some blankets to cover Ms St.Onge
29、,and after that they waited for theambulance to arrive.Though still in hospital,the elderly woman is recovering welland forever grateful to Danny for following his hunch!28When seeing a figure in front of an open garage，Danny.Arecognized it was an old womanBthought it was a homeless dogCrealized som
30、ething was wrongDbelieved it was nothing important29What happened when Dawn got closer to the garage?AShe noticed the dog had gone away.BShe knew Dannys hunch was wrong.CShe found an old lady waving for help.DShe felt something must have been stolen.30Which of the following can best describe Danny?A
31、Brave and patient.BFriendly and honest.CConsiderate and positive.DPersistent and smart.31What could be the best title for the passage?AAlways Follow Your HunchBBe Ready to Help Save the ElderlyCAn Unknown Hero Brings Love and HopeDA10-Year-Old Boy Saved His Elderly Neighbors LifeDScientists say they
32、 have developed a system that uses machine learning to predictwhen and where lightning will strike.Researchers report the system is able to predictlightning strikes up to 30 minutes before they happen within a 30-kilometer area.Lightning is a strong burst of electricity in the atmosphere.Since it ca
33、rries anextremely powerful electrical charge,it can be destructive and deadly.Europeanresearchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed bylightning worldwide each year.For this reason,climate scientists have long sought todevelop methods to predict lightning.The system teste
34、d in the experiments uses a combination of data from weatherstations and machine learning methods.The researchers developed a prediction modelthat was trained to recognize weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.The model was created with data collected over a 12-year period from 12 S
35、wissweather stations in cities and mountain areas.The data,related to four main surfaceconditions:air pressure,air temperature,relative humidity（潮湿）and wind speed,was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm(算法),which compared it torecords of lightning strikes.Researchers say the algorithm wa
36、s then able to learn theconditions under which lightning happens.The researchers tested and ran the system several times.They found that thesystem made predictions that proved correct almost 80 percent of the time.“It cannow be used anywhere，”the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology said in astatem
37、ent.The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with aEuropean effort that aims to create a lightning protection program.The effort is calledthe European Laser Lightning Rod project.Scientists working on the project areexperimenting with a laser technology that could someda
38、y control lightning activity,transferring lightning charges from clouds to the ground.They hope that suchtechnology can one day be used as protection against lightning strikes.Possible usescould be at stations,airports or places where large crowds gather.32Why was the system developed?ATo meet kids
39、curiosity about lightning.BTo show the power of lightning.C To keep track of lightning deaths.D To protect people from lightning.33What is special about the system?AIt was based on a number of samples worldwide.BIt adopted a different machine learning algorithm.CIt used an effective method of collec
40、ting data.DIt required low cost of predicting lightning.34What will the researchers do next with the laser technology?AMonitor lightning activity.BPrevent the occurrence of lightning.CDirect energy from lightning.DGenerate electricity with lightning.35What can be a suitable title for the text?AASyst
41、em of Controlling LightningBAMethod of Forecasting LightningCATheory of Employing LightningDAModel of Creating Lightning第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Competition（竞争）is a common phenomenon in our social life.36Thereis constant competition for academic degrees,jo
42、bs,customers,money and so forth.Ina sense,competition is one of the motive forces to the development of society.37Therefore,the only way to survive is to be competitive.Growing in acompetitive environment is important for a child because future adult life is difficult.Finding a good job,for example,
43、is an extremely competitive activity.Today,most people obtain knowledge through various ways and a large numberof people get good education.38The quality of people is rapidly increasing.Competition is more violent than what we thought it should be.The potentiallysuccessful job applicant has to be pr
44、epared in stronger position by gaining morequalifications and experience.In the sports contests,the strongest will come out aswinners.In the business world,to beat your competitors,you must be better than theother employees.39Though the only way our world rewards people is to give honor to the winne
45、rs,not to the losers,by attempting to compete at different activities,we can still learn towin and lose,gain experience and know our strengths and weaknesses.Competitionprepares us for the tough things in life.Whether in games,in study or in business alike,the aim is to win the game,thedegree,the tr
46、ophy,and the contract.40AOtherwise,you will be defeated.BModern society demands high-quality talents.CLearning to be competitive is clearly the best preparation for life.DThere are also many people who have higher degrees in their special fields.EChildren have to learn to be competitive in order to
47、adapt to modern society.F In the natural world,the weak will be replaced by the strong and the fittest canlive.GWe compete when we play games and when we try to do better than others inour study.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选Two years ago,my
48、 friend and I were at college.With his birthday quickly41,he came to me with an unusual request:Instead of receiving presents,hewanted to do some acts of kindness.I was42with such an idea.Giving instead of taking for the birthday wasreally different.I asked him how he could come up with such a43idea
49、.He toldme about a TED talk he had watched on generosity,which had44him.So westarted to45creative things we could do.Our university employed some security guards（保安）to46its students.They have to work around the clock，keeping watch on every corner throughout theuniversity.For the most part its a than
50、kless job as most people grow47toseeing the guards all around and eventually barely notice their48,let aloneacknowledge（承认）their efforts.How could we show them our appreciation?We decided to make a large pot of hot49.We hired a Uber and asked thedriver to take us around the campus where we knew the5