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1、第二讲-Unit 1 Topic 2 The population in developing countries is growing faster.初中英语年级九年级重难点1、掌握本课的重点词汇和继续学习现在完成时2、现在完成时与 already,yet,just,before,ever,never,的连用。3、So do I.用 so 表示“也一样”的用法【知识储备】重点语法：I、Before,just,never,ever,already,yet 常用于现在完成时，用法如下：副词justeverneveralreadyyetbefore含义刚刚在 任 何 时候，从来从不已经否定句：还疑
2、问句：已经以前常 用 句型陈述句疑问句陈述句疑问句否定句陈述句疑问句肯定陈述句否定句疑问句多种句型常 见 位置谓语动词前谓 语 动 词前谓语动词前谓语动词前或者句尾句尾句尾He has just come back from school.他刚刚从学校回来。Have you been to Guangzhou before?你以前去过广州吗？Ive never eaten seafood.我从未吃过海鲜。Ive seen the film already.=Ive already seen the film.我已经看过这部电影了。Have you ever taken a plane?你曾经坐
3、过飞机吗？-Have you had your supper yet?你已经吃过晚饭了吗？-No,I havent had it yet.不，还没有。already 也可以用于疑问句中，表示疑惑，出乎意料或惊讶。如：Two weeks ago,the panda had a baby.Have you forgotten that already?两周前那只熊猫生了一只小熊猫，你已经忘记了？John,why are you here?Have you finished your homework already?约翰，你为什么在这里？你做完作业啦？练习：选词填空already,yet,ever
4、,never,have been to,have gone,have been in1.Tom has _ finished his homework.Now he is playing football on the playground.2.Have you _ been to the Great Wall?3.She hasnt come back _.4.I have _ heard of that before.It is so strange.5.He has _ eaten chocolate,has he?6.Mr.Wang isnt here.He _ Shanghai.ne
5、ver,ever,yet,already,just1.Has your English teacher come _?Yes,she has _ been here for half anhour.2.How many times have you been to Hainan?Twice.Ive _ come back from there.Its a great place of interest.3.Every evening when I get home,my mother has _ cooked supper for me.4.Have you _ seen the film H
6、arry Potter?No,_.5.I have _ been to America.I really hope I can go there to visit Disneyland one day.Section A1、Ive never been there before,but I dont want to go there any more.before以前(表示时间)，在句中是副词(不是连词或介词)，模糊时间状语，表示到说话时间为止之前发生的事，大多使用完成时态not.any more=no more-不再(强调程度)not.any longer=no longer-不再(强调时间
7、)练习：a.He is no more angry with me.=_b.Hurry up,or we wont wait for you any longer.=_2、The small town is surrounded by trees.译：小城四面绿树环绕。be surrounded by被所环绕close to 亲近，接近3、They are careful with garbage and discourage cutting trees.译：他们细心处理垃圾，禁止砍树。（禁止做某事：discourage doing sth）4、What a large population!
8、人口真多啊！population 意为“人口”，当强调人口的多少时，可以用 large/big/small 等形容词来修饰。The population of is very large.中国人口众多。Whatsthe population of China?中国有多少人口？-1.3.billion.总结：句中，population，是个集合名词，当表示“某地整体人口的数量”时，做主语，谓语动词用_(单数、复数)形式。但是，看例句：80%of the population in China are farmers.中国百分之八十的人口是农民。当“强调人口的具体分布或构成”时，做主语，谓语动词用
9、_(单数、复数)形式。句中，针对人口数量提问时，特殊疑问词用_；练习：()1.1._ is the population of Indonesia?223 million.A.How muchB.How manyC.WhatD.How5、And it is increasing by 80 million every year.译：而且世界人口每年增加八千万。increase 意为增加，既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。在上句中作不及物动词。The price of oil increased by 29%.油价涨了 29%.The number of the students in our s
10、chool has increased to 2500.我们学习的学生已增加到2500人。“increaseby+倍数或百分数”，意为“增加了”“increaseto+具体数字”，意为“增加到”注意：million 这里没有用复数形式。如果要用复数形式，则表示不定数目（与 of 连用）Thousands ofanimals live in rainforests.成千上万的动物栖息在雨林中。表达“成千上万”的短语是：_；当表示一个不确定的数字时，要在这几个单词后加_,并且要和介词_连用，构成词组，表示一个概数。两千本书 two thousand books；四百个学生 four hundred
11、 students思考：“与具体数字相连时”，hundred，thousand 后面是加 s，还是不加 s？_几千人a few/several thousand people(注意：thousand 有没有加 s)思考：hundred，thousand 被_和_修饰时，hundred，thousand 不加 s。【练一练】()The population has increased _ 15 percent.A.toB.intoC.byD.on()_visitors come to visit the Great Wall every year.A.Two thousand ofB.Thous
12、and ofC.Thousands ofD.Two thousands of()There are several _ students in our school.A.hundredB.hundred ofC.hundreds ofD.hundredsSection B1、So it is.的确是这样。1）-It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。-So it was.昨天的确很冷。2）-John studies very hard.约翰学习十分刻苦。-So he does.他确实很刻苦。如果表示赞同前面的内容时，应用的结构是“_+_+be/情态动词/助动词”，意为“_”，注意
13、：用这一结构时，主语与上文指同一人或物。练一练:().Jim is good at English.-_ He often speaks to foreigners.A.So is he.B.So he is.C.So was he.D.So he was.2、-I really hate going to a place like that.我真讨厌去那样一个地方。-So do I.我也是。So do I.-完全倒装句，含义是：A 如此，B 也如此，意为“某某也一样”，结构为“so+be/情态动词/助动词+另一个主语”。此句所用的时态要与前句的时态相同，“be/情态动词/助动词”的形式要与后
14、面的主语一致。如：-Kangkang is a good student.康康是个好学生。-So is Maria.玛利亚也一样。-They must come.他们必须来。-So must I.我也一样-Lucy sings very well.露西唱得很好。-So does Lily.莉莉也一样。-Tome has finished the task.汤姆完成了那项任务。-So have I.我也一样。上述结构的否定形式为：Neither/Nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语-A 不是这样，B也不是这样如果表示赞同，用“so+主语+be/情态动词/助动词”这一结构，意为“的确如此”，主语与
15、上文指同一人或物。如：-It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。-So it was.是的，昨天的确很冷。-How fast she runs!她跑得多快！-So she does.是的，她的确跑得很快！典例：a.He likes playing the piano,_.(她也是)b.They are interested in Chinese culture,_.(我们也是)c.Tom can work out the difficult problem,_.(我也能)d.He has been to Beijing before,_.(他弟弟也去过)e.I am not go
16、od at singing,_.(他也是)f.I have never been there,_.(他也是)3、China the largest population.Whats the population of the U.S.A.?形容 population 的“多”和“少”只能用和，对 population“多少”的提问只能用.eg:China has the（large）population in the world now.4、it is increasing by 80 million every year.increase by 指“”;increase to指”.eg:A
17、population of my hometown has（增加到）10000.5、It shows that the population in developing countries is larger than that in developed countries,doesnt it?此句译成:.句中“that”用来指代，在形容词比较级的句子中，用指代前面出现的单数名词，用指代前面出现的复数名词。eg:The weather in Beijing is colder thanin Fuzhou.The roads here are wider thanin my hometown.6
18、、he population in developing countries is growing faster.So it is.So it is 译成:的确是如后者对前者的陈述表示一致时，意为“的确如此”，结构为“so+主语+be/情态动词/助动词”。eg:Jim is a good student.吉姆是一名好学生，的确如此。Jim swims well.吉姆游泳很好，的确如此。Section C1、China has the largest population in the world,and about one fifth of the people in the world li
19、vein China.one fifth 是分数表达法。英文分数表达法：分子为基数词，分母为序数词，先读分子后读分母。当分子大于 1 时，分母的序数词则变为复数，直接在词尾加“s”。eg:四分之一四分之三二分之一三分之二2、one fifth of the people in the world live in China.世界上五分之一的人口生活在中国。五分之一写法是“_”,分数做定语，与所修饰的名词之间加了一个_,of 后的 people 是集体名词，所以 live 用的是_(单数复数)。分数表达口诀：分子基数词，分母序数词，先读分子再读分母。分子大于一，分母用复数，直接在词尾加“s”练习
20、：1)1/7one seventh2)2/5two fifths3)3/4_4)8/9_5)1/4one fourth 或 a quarter6)1/2one second 或 a(one)half从上面有关分数的英语表达方式中可看出，英文分数表达法：分子用_(基数词序数词)，分母用_(基数词序数词)，（也可以记为子基母序）先读_(分子分母)后读_(分子分母)。当分子大于 1 时，分母的序数词要变_(单数复数)，直接在词尾加-s。1)Three fifths of the studentshave passed the exams.3/5 的学生已经通过了考试。2)One half of th
21、e breadhas gone bad because of bad weather.由于糟糕的天气，一半的面包坏了。由上面两句可看出:分数后面可接可数名词，也可接_，谓语动词的单复数和_保持一致。练习：()Do you know _ of the students in our class hate math?A.two threeB.two thirdC.two thirdsD.second three()_ of the area _covered by trees.A.Two-third;isB.Two thirds;isC.Two-third;areD.Two thirds;areS
22、ection D1、So far,our government has taken many measuresto control the population.到目前为止，我们政府已经采取了很多措施 来控制人口的增长。“采取措施做某事”意为_“到目前为止”意为_，上面整句话的时态是_.We have learnt over 2000 words so far.到目前为止，我们已经学了 2000 多个单词了。从这可得知，so far 常与_（填时态）连用。2、It has worked well in controlling Chinas population.它在控制中国人口方面取得了显著的
23、成效。“_”意为“在做某事方面很有成效”1）You have to work at them.你得在它们那方面下工夫。2）I have worked out that math problems.我已经算出那道数学题。3）Dont worry,Im working on it.别担心，我正在处理这件事。1）“在.方面下工夫”意为_2）“算出”意为_3）“处理”意为_练习：()Li Lei _ the math problems all by herself.A.works outB.worksC.works inD.works on3、And its difficult for lots of
24、 people to find jobs.The large population also causes many other difficulties for the whole nation.difficult 是词，其名词是，其名词复数形式是，eg:I have some（困难）in studying English.4、For example,we are short of energy and water.Be short of 表“”意思，be short for 表“是的缩写”意思。eg:She is alwaysat the end of every month.每个月底她总
25、是缺钱。5、It has worked well in controlling Chinas population.work well in doing sth.表“”意思eg:Doing eye exercisesour eyesight.做眼保健操在保护视力方面很有功效。6、Because of the large population,there is less living space for each family.Thanks to the policy,China is developing quickly and peoples living conditions are im
26、provingrapidly.以上两句句译成：because of 译成:,thanks to 译成:,它们后面只能跟.eg:(多亏了他的帮助)，I make some progress in English.We had to cancel our plan(由于下雨天).7、It is increasing _80 million every year.increase by增加了/increase to增加到8、What social problem do you think Chinas large population has caused?cause-带来，引起，导致同义词组：br
27、ing aboutdo you think 在句中做插入语9、It is difficult for lots of people to find jobsIt is difficult for sb to do sth对某人来说做某事是困难的练习：每天六点起床对我们来说是困难的10、Most cities are more crowded than before,and the traffic is much heavier.点拨：crowded-拥挤的 heavier-更繁重的11、So far,our government has taken many measures to contr
28、ol the population.so far-到目前为止,常与现在完成时一起使用So far,I _(make)several good friends in my school.So far,China _(have)the largest population in the world.12、It has worked well in controlling Chinas population.work well in(doing)sth.-在做某事方面很有成效do well in-_=be good at13、I have just called you,but you werent
29、 in.call-给打电话给打电话还可以说：_/_/_in-在家=_昨天他给我打电话时我不在家。_ he _ me yesterday,I _ _.重点词组:1)developed country 发达国家2)developing country 发展中国家3)whats more 此外，而且4)carry out 执行5)one-child policy 独生子女政策6)control the population 控制人口7)the capital of China 中国的首都8)many places of interest 许多名胜古迹9)any part of the city 城市
30、的任何地方10)a shopping center 购物中心11)not any more 再也不12)get lost 迷路13)call him up 打他电话14)hate doing/to do sth 讨厌做某事15)one fifth 五分之一16)living space 居住面积17)at the same time 同时18)the whole nation 整个国家19)a serious problem 一个严峻的问题20)so far 到目前为止21)has taken many measures to control the population 采取措施控制人口22
31、)have a long way to go 有很长的路要走【当堂小测】.词汇。(A)根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1.I think the cost of living will i_by 10 percent.2.China has the largest p_ in the world.Its 1.3 billion.3.I think I can r_ my dream one day.4.Beijing is the c _ of China.5.This is a good shop.It brings us e_ service.(B)根据句意，用所给单词或词组的适当形式填空。
32、little,work well in,difficult,be known as,so far6._,I have been to Beijing twice.7.The Green Great Wall has _ controlling sandstorms(沙尘暴).8.I have some _ in learning English.9.He _ a great scientist.10.Some parents in _ developed areas prefer boys to girls.完成句子。1.Tom studies Chinese well.Jim studies
33、 Chinese well,too.(合并为一句，使其意思不变)Tom studies Chinese well,and _.2.中国的人口是多少？(完成译句)_ the population of China?III.单项选择。()1.Have you improved your English _?Yes,I have.Ive _ improved it.A.already;alreadyB.already;yetC.yet;alreadyD.yet;yet()2.China has a_ population.A.manyB.muchC.lot ofD.large()3.Have you
34、 been to the village _ Gum Tree?Its a beautiful place.Oh,really?I will go there some day.A.calledB.is calledC.callsD.call()4.I like to sing English songs.What about you?_A.So I do.B.So do I.C.Either is OK.D.Neither do I.()5.Have you seen the film _?Yes,I saw it three years _.A.ago;beforeB.before;ago
35、C.ago;agoD.before;before()6.Lucy,_ you _ your ticket?Not yet.A.did;findB.have;foundC.has;foundD.do;find()7.The farmers _ half of the oranges on the farm so far.A.pickedB.have pickedC.were pickingD.pick()8.Have you ever been to Beijing Park?Yes,I _ there last Sunday.A.wentB.have beenC.shall goD.go()9
36、.They had to stay in the classroom after class _ the bad weather yesterday.A.thanks toB.thanks forC.becauseD.because of()10.The mountain is _ meters high.A.eight thousand,eight hundreds and forty-eightB.eight thousands,eight hundred and forty-eightC.eight thousand,eight hundred and forty-eightD.eigh
37、t thousands,eight hundreds forty-eight()11.David has made great progress recently.-_ and _.A.So he has;so you haveB.So he has;so have youC.So has he;so have youD.So has he;so you have()12.He invited _ 10 people for his birthday party,but to his surprise,over 30 peoplecame.A.more thanB.at leastC.fewe
38、r thanD.at last【课后作业】.单项选择。从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。()1.Have your parents been to Russia?Yes.So _ I.A.doB.have beenC.didD.have()2.The population of Shanghai is larger than _ of Shenyang.A.thatB.itC.oneD.this()3._ the population of the U.S.A.in 2005?It _ about 296 million.A.What is;isB.What was;
39、wasC.How many is;was D.How many was;is()4.There are sixty teachers in our school._ of them are women.A.Two thirdB.Two threesC.Two thirdsD.Second three()5.Hes read this book before,_?A.hasnt heB.doesnt heC.isnt heD.wasnt he()6.The _ population has caused many serious problems.A.increaseB.increasedC.i
40、ncreasingD.increases()7.Have you found your lost book_?No,I havent.A.already B.yetC.stillD.once()8.Our government should_ measures to control the population.A.giveB.takeC.putD.get()9.How much is the white coat?Its_yuan.A.one thousand,six hundred,eighty-eightB.one thousand six hundred eighty-eightC.o
41、ne thousand,six hundred and eighty-eightD.one thousand and six hundred and eighty-eight()10.I have never visited a paper factory.n_A.So have I.B.So I have.C.Neither have I.D.I havent now.()1.The question is _ difficult than that one.So he still cant answer it.A.much tooB.much moreC.far lessD.far too
42、()2._ of the area _ covered by trees.A.Two-third;isB.Two thirds;isC.Two-third;areD.Two thirds;are()3.The new policy has _ improving our environment.A.been good atB.done well inC.been weak inD.worked well in()4.Doing eye exercises _ well in _ our eyesight.A.work;protectingB.works;protectC.works;prote
43、ctingD.work;protect()5.The worlds population has become one of _ in the world today.A.the greatest problemB.the greatest problemsC.the greatest questionsD.the greatest question()6.She liked playing football when she was young.-_A.So he was.B.So was he.C.So did he.D.So he did.()7._ the population of
44、Beijing?A.How much isB.WhatsC.How many isD.What is the number()8.The farmers _ half of the oranges on the farm so far.A.pickedB.have pickedC.were pickingD.pick()9.The temperature in the day-time is higher than _ at night.A.itB.oneC.thatD.those()10.Edison was known _ a great inventor.A.inB.asC.onD.fo
45、r()11.Do you know _ of the students in our class hate math?A.two threeB.two thirdC.two thirdsD.second three二、完成句子1.The worlds population is growing _ _ _(越来越快).2._ _(至今),he has learnt about 1,000English words.3.The boss hoped to solve the serious problem _(成功地).情景交际。（5 分）从方框中选出 5 个恰当的句子完成对话。A:Hi,Mik
46、e!Youre reading the novel again.B:Yes,John.Ive never been tired of it.A:1B:Three times.Every time I read it,I can learnsomething new from it.A:Really?2B:Charles Dickens.I think he is a great English writer.A:3 He is also my favorite foreign writer.Please letme have a look at it.B:OK,here you are!.Wh
47、at do you think of this novel?A:4I havent seen such a novel for long.Where did you buy it?B:In the Xinhua Bookshop.A:I dont know where it is.5B:No,only 10 minutes walk from here,next to the Peoples Cinema.A:Oh,I see.Im going there to get one,too.Thank you!B:Youre welcome!1._2._3._4._5._.完形填空。（10 分）A
48、.I have already finished reading it.B.Who wrote it?C.How many times have you read it?D.So do I.E.Have you finished it yet?F.Is it far from here?G.Its exciting.根据短文内容，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案。In America,the school day usually starts at 9 a.m.and finishes at about 4 p.m.The schoolsubjects16dif
49、ferent from ours.In China,we always17Chinese,math,English,P.E.andso on.But in America,students have more18,such as cooking and driving lessons.Theirschool life isnt just19study.They have20things to do than the Chinese students do.There are many clubs in American schools,too.If the students are21in s
50、ports,they can joindifferent sports clubs.American students also have art clubs,language clubs and some22clubs.From 2:30 p.m.to 4 p.m.,they do23things in different clubs.Maybe you think English is very popular in the world,so American students dont need tolearn any other language.24thats not true.Am