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1、Cultural relics李仕才必修二Unit 1Cultural relics【短文语法填空】Chinese are the first people to have tea.One thousand and two hundred years ago，Lu Yu wrote a book called“The Classic of Tea”， 1. is honored as “The Bible of Tea”The book gives a detailed 2. (explain) of the origin，the processing skills and the class
2、ification of tea.However，Chinese tea culture goes far beyond tea 3. (it)Take green tea for instance，the ideal temperature of the water should be around 80 degrees Celsius.If the water is too hot，nutrients (营养) in the tea 4. (destroy)On the other hand，if the water is not hot enough，the tea 5. (leaf)
3、wont open and you will miss the pleasantly fresh flavor.So Chinese people are accustomed 6. drinking hot tea.When you visit a Chinese friend，your friend will 7. (constant) add hot water to your empty cup of tea.It is polite 8. (offer) the tea cup to guests with both hands. Of course，the guests shoul
4、d pay respect as well, 9. (take) the cup with both hands.Talking about adding water to the tea cup，there is 10. saying: Wine full，the full cup.Tea half，half cup.For wine，the full cup symbolizes whole heartiness.For tea，the half cup means modesty.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国茶文化的历史、喝热茶的原因、喝茶礼仪、关于茶的俗语。1which考查
5、定语从句。分析该句结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“The Classic of Tea”，空处为关系词，指物，故填which。2explanation考查名词。根据空前的detailed可知，空处被形容词修饰，故用explain的名词形式。3itself考查反身代词。句意：然而，中国的茶文化远超过茶本身。据此可知，空处用反身代词itself。4will be destroyed考查动词的时态和语态。句意：如果水太热，茶叶中的营养将被破坏。根据句意可知，主语nutrients(营养)in the tea和动词destroy之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；根据该句结构可知，该句为复合句
6、，在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主句则用一般将来时，故空处用一般将来时的被动语态。5leaves考查名词的复数。根据常识可知，该处的茶叶为复数概念。6to考查固定搭配。be accustomed to为固定搭配，意为“习惯于”。7constantly考查副词。根据空后的动词add可知，空处修饰该动词，故用副词形式。8to offer考查动词不定式。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了“Itis/wasadj.to do sth.”的固定句式，It为形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。9taking考查现在分词。分析该句结构可知，空处作伴随状语，且take与其逻辑主语the gue
7、sts之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词。10a考查冠词。该处泛指“一句俗语”，且saying的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。survive vt.比活得长vi.幸免；幸存；生还(1)survive sth.在之后仍然生存下来，从中逃生 survive sb.(by.)比活得长(多长时间)survive on sth.靠存活下来survive from sth.从存活下来；流传下来(2)survivor n生还者；幸存者 survival n存活；幸存(教材原句)Is it enough to have survived for a long time?只是存在的时间长就足够了吗？The li
8、ttle girl was the only survivor (survive) who survived (survive) the strong earthquake.She told the reporter that she had to survive on little food during the days when she was buried.I think her survival (survive) was a real wonder.这个小女孩是这场大地震中唯一的幸存者。她告诉记者她在被埋的日子里只能依靠很少的食物生存。我想她的幸存真是一个奇迹。(2016天津卷改编
9、)She coughed and choked and could hardly survive (survival) her first few weeks.她咳嗽，窒息，在前几个星期就几乎活不下去了。remain vi.保持不变；剩下；停留；仍然(1)用作系动词，构成系表结构。remain(2)sth.remains of sth.所剩余的东西(3)remaining adj.剩下的(4)remains(ruins)n.废墟(教材原句)After that，what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.后来，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。I
10、t remains to_be_seen (see) whether you are right.你是否正确，以后可见分晓。Ladies and gentlemen，please remain seated (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.女士们，先生们，请坐在位置上直到飞机完全停下来。(1)remaining adj.剩余的，作前置定语；left表剩余之意时，作后置定语。(2)remain和stay表示“保持某一状态”时可通用；但着重指在别人已离去或事情有变动以后，继续保留或保持原本状态用remain。单句语法填空(201
11、7江苏卷)Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains (remain) an essential skill for our survival (survive)design nC设计样式；(pl.)不良意图；U设计工艺；意图vt.设计；计划；目的是(1)by design(on purpose) 故意地；蓄意地(2)design sb./sth.to do sth.打算让从事design sb./sth.for.打算让用作某种目的be designed for sb./sth.为某人/某物设计、计划be d
12、esigned to do sth.为做某事计划、设计be designed as sth.作为而设计(教材原句)The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.房间的设计是当时流行的风格。These exercises are_designed (design) to develop and strengthen muscles.这些练习是为了增强肌肉力量而设计的。This book designed (design) to help children read turns out to be a suc
13、cess.打算用来帮助孩子阅读的这本书很成功。单句语法填空(2017全国卷)Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty.They pump out perfumes designed (design) to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.worth prep.值得的；相当于的价值n价值；作用(1)(2)worthy adj.值得的，配得上的，可敬的be worthy(
14、3)It is worthwhile doing sth./to do sth.做某事是值得的(教材原句)In groups discuss：Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuan Ming Yuan in Beijing?分组讨论：重建遗失的文化遗产，如琥珀屋和北京的圆明园是值得的吗？一句多译他在会议上提出的建议值得考虑。His suggestion put forward at the conference is worth considering (consider)His su
15、ggestion put forward at the conference is worthy of being_considered (consider)His suggestion put forward at the conference is worthy to_be_considered (consider)It is worthwhile considering/to_consider (consider) his suggestion put forward at the meeting.worth一般只作表语，可用程度词well修饰；而worthy和worthwhile既可作
16、表语又可作定语。(2016北京卷)They are truly good birds that are worth (worthy) every effort we put into recovering them.他们真是美丽的小鸟，为了使他们痊愈我们所投入的每一份努力都值得。单句语法填空(2017江苏卷)But still we cannot get the moneys worth(worthy)Some films are just boring.【七选五】Want to live in a perfectly clean environment and make it shine b
17、rightly？ 1 Then you will not need to purchase expensive cleaning products.Clean the toilet with Coke.Its amazing how powerful Coke might be as a toilet cleaner. 2 Youll save your health by not consuming chemicals that Coke contains and save money by not purchasing professional cleaners.Pour some col
18、a over the stains and leave it all for a few hours.Then let water wash the toilet!Remove water stains with orange peels.Youve just eaten an orange. 3 Do not throw away those orange peels. You can use the skins to clean stainless steel.Your appliances will shine again after you rub(擦)them with the sk
19、ins.The peels can easily make those stubborn stains disappear in a second.Use banana peels to polish leather furniture.Experts claim that banana peels are great for polishing leather sofas and armchairs.Banana skins are rich in oils and have the right texture to do the task. 4 Afterwards，remove the
20、leftover with a cloth.This trick is simple and cheap.Use it if you want your leather furniture to look brand new again. 5 Why would you want to buy one when you can make your own product that is cheap and nontoxic(无毒的)? Just pour 2 liters of slightly warm water into a deep bowl.Then add 50ml white v
21、inegar and half a teaspoon of dishwashing liquid.Shake the bowl and then fill up a plastic spray with the mixture.Use it to clean windows and mirrors.Make your glass surfaces clean and shiny.AWait a minute!BMake your own glass cleaner.CFollow the steps given below.DOf course your answer is“yes”EThey
22、 leave no marks or scratches.FInstead of drinking it，use it to clean the toilet bowl.GThey are economical and safe to use on all of furniture.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。想生活在一个干净的生活环境中，让一切光洁发亮吗？那就按照以下步骤来做吧。无需购买昂贵的清洁用品，只需要一些小妙招。1C根据空前的“Want to live in a perfectly clean environment and make it shine brightly？”和空后的
23、“Then you will not need to purchase expensive cleaning products.”以及接下来列举的几条小妙招可知，C项“跟着以下步骤做”能起到承上启下的作用。2F本段讲的是用可乐清理厕所，故F项“你可以不喝可乐，而是用它清洁马桶”符合语境。3A根据下文中的“Do not throw away those orange peels.”可知，吃了橘子后，稍待片刻，不要扔掉橘子皮，你可以用之清理不锈钢。所以选A。4E根据上文中的“Banana skins are rich in oils and have the right texture to do
24、 the task.”可知香蕉皮富含油脂，材质也非常适合擦拭皮质，使污痕或划痕统统不见。所以选E。5B根据下文中的“you can make your own product that is cheap and nontoxic(无毒的).”及“Use it to clean windows and mirrors.Make your glass surfaces clean and shiny.”可知，本段讲的是如何自制玻璃清洁剂，故B项符合语境。in search of 寻找；搜寻；寻求(1)in ones search for 寻找make a search for 搜索search s
25、th./sb.搜查某物或搜身search for sb./sth.搜寻某人或某物(2) search sb./sth.for sb./sth.为了找到某人/某物搜查某人/某物(教材原句)IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM寻找琥珀屋Firefighters searched (search) the buildings for survivors.消防队员在建筑物中搜寻幸存者。in search of/search/search for/search.forin search of为介词短语，表示“寻找”时，在句中可作状语、定语、表语、宾语补足语等，也可用in a/the/o
26、nes search for来替换search作及物动词表“搜查”，宾语可以是人，意为“对某人进行搜身”，如果宾语是表地点的名词，则意为“搜查某个地方”search for意为“搜寻”，常指花费很大的力气去寻找某个特定的人或物，相当于look forsearch.for.意为“为寻找而搜查”Some policemen were_searching (search) one robber for more evidence；others were searching for another robber and the local people were in search of the th
27、ings they had lost.一些警察为了找到更多的证据正在搜查其中一个抢劫犯；另外一些警察正在寻找另外一个抢劫犯；当地人正在寻找他们丢失的东西。think highly of 看重，器重，高度赞扬(1)think well/much of.认为好；对评价高think ill/poorly/not much/little of.认为不好，对评价不高think nothing of不把当回事；对等闲视之speak highly of高度赞扬speak well/ill of说好/坏have a very good opinion of对评价高(2)on second thought(s)
28、又一想，转念一想without a second thought立即；马上；不假思索We all think highly (high) of the historic meeting between Xi Jinping and Ma Yingjeou.我们都高度赞扬习主席与马英九的历史性会面。I dont think much (more) of these socalled improvements to the town centre.我对这些所谓的改善市中心的措施评价不高。It is unnecessary for you to speak ill of your coworker.
29、你没有必要诋毁你的同事。【短文改错】Recently，a famous basketball player has caused public angry by writing on the Great Wall.In the fact，this happens in many place of interest. I had some suggestions to solve this problem.First，make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti (涂鸦)Besides，punishments，such
30、 as a fine，is necessary to tourists with so bad behavior. Also，I think its helpfully to put up some boards along the tourist attractions that tourists can leave messages.Im sure with our efforts，more and more people will become concerning about protecting cultural relics.【答案】Recently，a famous basket
31、ball player has caused public by writing on the Great Wall.In fact，this happens in many of interest.I some suggestions to solve this problem.First，make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti (涂鸦)Besides，punishments，such as a fine， necessary to tourists with bad behavior. Also，I thi
32、nk its to put up some boards along the tourist attractions tourists can leave messages.Im sure with our efforts，more and more people will become about protecting cultural relics.第一处：angryanger。考查名词。形容词public修饰名词，故用名词形式。第二处：删除fact前的the。考查固定搭配。in fact为固定搭配，意为“事实上”，the多余。第三处：placeplaces。考查名词的数。根据该句中的ma
33、ny可知，名词place应当用复数形式。第四处：hadhave。考查时态。根据上下文可知，该句陈述的是目前的情况，故用一般现在时。第五处：public后加of/about。考查介词。inform sb.of/about sth.为固定搭配，表示“通知某人某事”。第六处：isare。考查主谓一致。该句主语为复数名词punishments，故系动词用复数形式are。第七处：sosuch。考查限定词。该句中behavior为不可数名词，只能用such修饰。so用于“soadj.a/an可数名词”结构。第八处：helpfullyhelpful。考查形容词。is为系动词，后接形容词作表语。第九处：tha
34、twhere。考查定语从句的关系词。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为boards，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该定语从句。第十处：concerningconcerned。考查固定搭配。be/become concerned about为固定短语，意为“关注”。There_is_no_doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波
35、罗的海边的一个城市。There is no doubt that.毫无疑问，该句是固定句式，当doubt用在否定句中时，后面接that引导的同位语从句；用在肯定句中时，后面接whether引导的同位语从句。注意不可以用if替换whether。(1)There is no doubt 毫无疑问sb.have no doubt that/about.确信(不怀疑)There is some doubt whether 有疑问without/beyond doubt 无疑地，必定(2)dont/never doubt that.确信，不怀疑doubt whether/if.怀疑(3)There is
36、It is no use/no good doing sth.做某事没有用处/好处It is no wonder that.(No wonder that.)难怪；怪不得Some researchers believe that there is no doubt that a cure for AIDS will be found.一些研究者相信一定可以找到治疗艾滋病的方法。There is some doubt whether he can win the first prize.他是否能赢得一等奖还有些疑问。(牛津P599)I doubt whether/if the new one w
37、ill be any better.我不敢肯定这个新的是否会好些。There is a possibility that the company will suffer a great loss this month.这个月公司有可能遭受巨大损失。doubt vt.后接名词、代词或宾语从句。在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句；在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。单句语法填空(2017天津卷)It is without doubt (doubtful) the most annoying of all.In a trial，a judge
38、must decide which_eyewitnesses_to_believe_and_which_not_to_believe.在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信，哪些证人不能相信。该句为“疑问词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。whether，what，which，whom，who，where，when，how等加不定式构成的结构在句中起名词作用，可以作主语、表语和宾语。Stop trying to tell me what to do all the time.Stop trying to tell me what I should do all the time.别老是命令我应该做什
39、么。When and where to go on an outing hasnt been decided yet.何时何地去郊游还没有决定。He showed me how to do the work.他给我展示怎样做这项工作。I dont know when to start.我不知道何时开始。【阅读理解】“BANG!” the door caused a reverberation (回声). It was just standing there, with father standing on one side, and me on the other side.We were b
40、oth in great anger. “Never set foot in this house again!” stormed father. With tears welling up in my eyes, I rushed out of the flat and ran along the street.The street lights were shining, causing rather sad feelings. I wandered aimlessly.A young father who held a child in his arms walked past me.
41、I felt as if I saw my childhood from another space: happy and carefree.But now I dont know whether it is because I have grown up or because dad is getting old. We differ in our ways of thinking. We are just like two people coming from two different worlds. It feels like there is an iron door between
42、 us that can never be opened.I wandered the streets, without a destination in mind.My heart was frozen on this hot summer night.As I walked on, there were fewer and fewer people on the streets, until I had only the street lights to keep me company. When I finally reached the high-rise apartment bloc
43、k in which I lived, I saw that the light was still on.I thought to myself: “Is father waiting for me, or is he still angry with me?”In fact, it was nothing. Perhaps, dad was throwing away some of his old stamps. Perhaps he thought they were useless. I never had the courage to tell him that I liked c
44、ollecting stamps.All the lights were off except fathers.Dad was always like this. Maybe he didnt know how to express himself. After shouting at me, he never showed any pity or any moments of regret.This was how he always was. He has been a leader for so long that telling everyone else what to do has
45、 become his second nature.The light was still on. “Am I wrong?” I whispered, maybe With the key in my hand, I was as nervous as I had ever been. At last, I decided to open the door. As soon as I opened the door, tears ran down my cheeks. I suddenly realized that the iron door that I had imagined bet
46、ween us did not exist at all. Love-its second to none.1.Which is the correct order of the following events according to the passage?a. I opened the door and entered the house.b. I ran out into the street angrily.c. I reached the place where I lived and saw my house still brightly lit.d. I recalled m
47、y happy childhood.e. I began to walk about in the street without any aim.A. e, b, d, c, aB. b, e, d, c, aC. b, e, c, d, aD. e, b, c, a, d2.According to the author, why did his father often shout at him?A. Perhaps the father was getting older and older.B. Perhaps the son had already grown up.C. Perhaps they never agreed with each other.D. Perhaps the father had been used to