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1、Module 1 British and American English 话题词汇1.absorb v.吸引；使全神贯注2.accumulate v.积累；积聚3.consult v.咨询；商量4.correction n.改正5.dictation n.听写6.fluent adj.流利的；流畅的7.grasp v.抓住；掌握8.bear sth.in mind记住(某事)9.enlarge ones vocabulary 扩大词汇量10.have difficulty/trouble in doing sth.在方面有困难经典语篇(2015四川)假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生Sharon
2、在网上发帖，希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。1.表达给她提供帮助的意愿；2.说明你能胜任辅导的理由；3.给出讲好普通话的两点建议；4.提出你学习英语的具体需求。注意：1.词数120左右，开头与结尾已为你写好；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Hi，Sharon，This is Li Xia.I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin. Li Xia佳作欣赏Hi，Sharon，This is Li Xia.I learned fr
3、om your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.I am quite interested in it.I think Im fit for it.As a student，I have been learning Mandarin for many years.In addition，I am Chinese，which means Mandarin is a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life. So Im quite confident that I can
4、 help you learn Mandarin.Learning Mandarin takes time，so if you want to learn it well，you should spend much time practicing Mandarin every day.As the saying goes，practice makes perfect.Besides，you can also read some books in Chinese，see some Chinese films and listen to some Chinese radio programmes.
5、Speaking and listening are very important for language learning，by which you are sure to make great progress.In your post，you say you can teach English as a reward.It is just what I want.Im eager to improve my English.So，if you allow me to help you learn Mandarin，you can also help me improve my Engl
6、ish.We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese，so that we can improve our oral speaking.Hope for your early reply!Li Xia思维发散1.将第句改为并列句In addition，I am Chinese，and this means Mandarin is a must for me to communicate with others in my da
7、ily life.2.仿照第句用动名词短语作主语完成句子挑选衣服真的是一件难事，因为你喜欢的衣服并不总是适合你。Choosing clothes is really a difficult job，because the clothes you like are not always suitable for you.3.仿照第句用“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句翻译句子他写了许多儿童读物，几乎有一半是在二十世纪九十年代出版的。(2015重庆)He wrote many childrens books，nearly half of which were published in the 1990
8、s.4.将第句改为简单句We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese so as to/in order to improve our oral speaking.重点单词A.写作单词1.add (vt.)加；增加2.present (vt.)陈述；提出；(adj.)目前的；到场的，出席的3.attempt (n.& v.)尝试；努力4.standard (adj.)标准的5.obvious (adj.)显然的，显而易见的ob
9、viously (adv.)显然地6.confusing (adj.)令人困惑的；难懂的confuse (vt.)使困惑confused (adj.)感到困惑的pare (vt.)比较comparison (n.)比较8.differ (vi.)不同，有区别different (adj.)不同的difference (n.)不同；区别9.remark (n.)评论；讲话remarkable (adj.)显著的；异常的；非凡的10.steadily (adv.)不断地；持续地steady (adj.)稳定的11.announcement (n.)声明；宣告announce (v.)声明；宣告12
10、.reference (n.)参考；查阅；查询refer (vi.)谈到；提到；查阅B.阅读单词13.linguist (n.)语言学家14.queue (vi.)排队(等候)15.accent (n.)口音16.omit (vt.)省略17.settler (n.)移民；定居者18.satellite (n.)卫星19.switch (n.)开关20.structure (n.)结构；体系21.rapidly (adv.)迅速地22.edition (n.)期；版23.cute (adj.)逗人喜爱的bination (n.)组合；结合25.distinctive (adj.)与众不同的26
11、.variety (n.)种类；多样性vary (v.)改变，使变化various (adj.)各种各样的variation n.变化27.simplify (vt.)简化simple (adj.)简单的simply (adv.)简单地；仅仅；不过28.criticise (vt.)批评criticism (n.)批评.重点短语1.have.in common有相同的特点2.make a difference有影响，使不相同；关系重大，起作用3.get around四处走动(旅行)4.be similar to与相似5.have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
12、6.lead to导致；引起7.in favour of支持；同意8.refer to.as.称为9.thanks to多亏，幸亏10.be known for因为而著名.经典句式1.It doesnt make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.一个老师说英式英语还是美式英语没有多大影响。2.The British say Have you got.？while Americans prefer Do you have.?英国人说Have you got.？而美国人更愿意说Do
13、you have.?3.But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English，so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.但是这也致使许多美式英语单词和结构传入英式英语，以至于现在有些人相信英式英语将要消失。4.By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year，making it one of the most popul
14、ar school books ever.到19世纪中期，每年可以卖出一百万册，使得它成为最受欢迎的学校课本之一。.课文语法填空British and American English differ 1.in many ways.The difference in vocabulary is most obvious.Sometimes，the same word has 2.a slightly different meaning，which can be confusing.There are a few differences in grammar，too.The British use
15、 prepositions 3.where Americans sometimes omit them.The other two areas in 4.which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.American spelling seems simpler，and many factors 5.have influenced(influence) American pronunciation since the first settlers arrived there.Although there are so
16、 many differences，some experts believe that the two varieties are moving together.Communications across the Atlantic have developed 6.steadily(steady) for over a century.The experts think this nonstop communication has made 7.it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other.But it
17、 has also led 8.to lots of American words and structures 9.passing(pass) into British English，so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.There are going to be many “Englishes” with the international dimension.But the most important thing is that users of English will all be
18、able to understand each other，10.wherever they are.1(1)differ from不同于；和不同differ in在方面不同differ (with sb.) on/about/over.在上(和某人)有分歧/异议(2)make a difference to.和有差别；对有影响tell the difference between A and B 分清A和B(3)be different from.in.在方面与不同(1)The story he told the police differed from the one he told hi
19、s mother.他在警方和母亲那里的说辞不一。(2)The two leaders had differed on the issue of sanctions.两位领导人在制裁问题上存在意见分歧。多维训练(1)单句语法填空Humans differ from other animals in their ability to speak.The two things are the same in their appearance，but different in kind.What you have told me may make a difference to my own posi
20、tion.They are twins，so its hard for me to tell the difference between them.(2)一句多译英式英语和美式英语在单词的发音和拼写方面有明显的区别。British English differs obviously from American English in pronunciation and spelling.(differ)British English is obviously different from American English in pronunciation and spelling.(diffe
21、rent)There are obvious differences between British English and American English in pronunciation and spelling.(difference)2应试指导at present作为高级词汇替换now(1)at presentat the present time现在；目前,for the presentfor the time being目前；暂时(2)be present at 出席(3)present sth.to sb.present sb.with sth.向某人赠送某物(4)in the
22、 presence of sb.in ones presence当着的面，在面前(1)At present I do not have information on the meeting you asked about.至于是否有你提到的会见，我现在还没有这方面的消息。(2)Wang Hua，our monitor，presented the prepared flowers to her.班长王华向她献上了准备好的鲜花。图解助记特别提醒present作前置定语时，意为“目前的”；作后置定语时，意为“出席的，在场的”。多维训练(1)单句语法填空The boy was punished in
23、the presence of all his classmates.We were present at the concert while Tom was absent from it.The mayor presented him with a gold medal at an official city reception.I will leave the matter as it stands for the present.(2)完成句子What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present(所有在场的人).They are
24、 optimistic about the present situation(目前的形势).3应试指导作为高级词汇替换try(1)attempt to do/(at) doing.尝试(试图)做(2)make an attempt to do/at doing.尝试做at the first attempt第一次尝试,in an attempt to do sth.试图做某事；希望做某事make an attempt on sb.s life企图杀某人(1)It was one of his rare attempts at humor.那是他极不常见的想要表现幽默的一次。(2)The on
25、ly time that we attempted to do something like that was in the city of Philadelphia.只有在费城那次我们曾试着做那样的事。多维训练(1)单句语法填空I passed my driving test at the first attempt.Someone has made an attempt on the presidents life.He attempted to escape(escape) from the prison，but he couldnt find anybody to help him.(
26、2)一句多译他们试图攀登那座小山。They made an attempt to climb/(at) climbing that hill.(attempt n.)They attempted to climb/(at) climbing that hill.(attempt v.)4多维训练(1)单句语法填空She never complains，but shes obviously(obvious) exhausted.It is obvious that he told us a lie.(2)Its obvious even to the most stupid men that s
27、he is trying to marry money.最笨的人也能看得出来，她是为了钱而嫁人的。5多维训练(1)用confuse的正确形式填空This is a very confusing experience.We felt confused with the difficult question.The uncertainty created by this situation must have caused you much confusion.What confused us most was the result.(2)同义句改写He was confused with the
28、 present situation so he didnt know what to do next.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写)Confused with the present situation，he didnt know what to do next.6多维训练(1)单句语法填空Britain，in common with many other industrialized countries，has experienced major changes over the last 100 years.It is considered that girls are commonl
29、y(common) better at languages than boys.The two sisters have nothing in common.(2)完成句子Though theyre twins，they have nothing in common in appearance.尽管是双胞胎，他们俩在相貌上毫无共同之处。Children all know the common sensewashing hands before lunch.孩子们都知道这个常识饭前洗手。7多维训练(1)单句语法填空Sorry Im so late，but you cannot imagine w
30、hat great trouble I took to come here.(2)同义句改写I had no trouble/difficulty finding your home.I found your home without trouble/difficulty.(用without短语改写)There was no trouble/difficulty (in) finding your home.(用there be句型改写)8多维训练根据提示语填空With him (1)leading the way(带路)，we got there without any difficulty
31、.But for him，we would have been lost，which (2)would lead to(导致) serious consequences.His action (3)led us to believe(使我们相信) that he was our true friend.9多维训练(1)Thanks to the English language，we can learn a lot from other countries.多亏了英语这门语言，我们才能从其他国家学到很多东西。(2)Thanks for inviting us to your birthday
32、party.谢谢你邀请我们参加你的生日聚会。10 It doesnt make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.一个老师说英式英语还是美式英语没有多大影响。whether.or.作“无论还是”讲，引导让步状语从句；除此之外，还可作“是还是”讲，引导名词性从句。(1)Whether it rains or not，the students have to arrive at the meeting on time.不管下不下雨，学生们都必须按时参加会议。(2)Whether or
33、not she will vote for us is not clear.她会不会投票支持我们尚不清楚。多维训练(1)I will go，whether you come with me or stay at home.不管你是和我一起去还是呆在家里，我都要去。(2)I dont know whether my professor is fond of flowers or not.我不知道教授是不是喜欢鲜花。.语境填词1.If you come to visit China，you will experience a culture of amazing depth and variety
34、(多样性).(2015安徽)2.And if you have your lecture notes or the article in hand，you and the professor will be able to examine specific points that are confusing(令人困惑的) to you.(2015浙江)3.Its standard(标准的) practice for a company like this one to employ a security officer.(2014山东)4.I can jump on it anytimewak
35、ing up my parents if I am scared or if I have an important announcement(宣告) that cannot wait until the morning.(2013四川)5.He seemed interested in my experience，but he didnt ask for references(求证).(2013安徽).单句语法填空1.It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life，from the lo
36、cal environment to the global ecology.(2015陕西)2.The same held true for anxious baboons compared(compare) with calm ones.(2014湖北)3.These cottages once housed early settlers(settle) as they worked the dry Montana soil；now they hold Twitter engineers.(2014浙江)4.I believe that if I had criticised(critici
37、se) him，the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed.(2014湖北)5.Dr.Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.(2014湖北).短语填空make a difference，lead to，refer to.as.，have difficulty in.，add to，in favour of，thanks to，get around1
38、.This led to some painful experiences on Saturday as they played against teams better trained.(2015全国)2.Thanks to modern manufacturing(制造业) and technology，companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.(2015安徽)3.I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow，but I had no
39、 idea how to do that.(2014广东)4.Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money.(2014福建)5.There are millions of cars.However，people still use their bicycles to get around.(2013辽宁)6.Generally，I am in favour of the inclusion.(2014江苏)7.Doves are referred to as the symbol of peac
40、e.8.He had difficulty in sleeping.(2014陕西).完成句子1.When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，wondering whether to stay or leave.(2015湖南)那名店员看到一张友善的脸，脸上因歉意的微笑布满了皱纹，这时她愣在了那里，琢磨着是走还是留。2.Its time for us to say no to waste so that our grandchildrens child
41、ren will be able to develop well.(2014福建)是我们对浪费说不的时候了，这样我们的子孙后代才能发展得好。3.I like coffee with cream while he prefers black coffee.我喜欢加奶油的咖啡，而他喜欢什么也不加。4.Whether in the home or the workplace，social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years.(2015天津)无论是在家里还是在工作场所，社交机器人在未来几年里会变得越来越普
42、遍。 写作素材(关于英式英语和美式英语)1.尽管英式英语和美式英语有一些不同。2.但是很明显英式英语和美式英语也存在很多共同之处。3.有时英国人和美国人互相听懂有些困难。4.作为学英语的学生，我对什么是标准英语感到困惑。5.多亏了我的英语老师我现在已经弄清楚并且在英语方面取得了很大进步。提示黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用though引导的状语从句，that引导的主语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇70词左右的英语短文)Though there are some differences between British English and American English，it is
43、obvious that they have much in common.Sometimes the English and the Americans have difficulty in understanding each other.As a student of English，I feel confused about what is standard English.However，thanks to my English teacher，I have made it clear now，and I have made great progress in English.练出高
44、分.阅读理解ATheres a “culture of walking and texting” on the Utah Valley University campus，according to conversations with students，but thats not the main reason Matt Bambrough，the creative director at UVU，came up with an idea to paint a “texting lane” on a staircase leading up to the Wellness Center.Acc
45、ording to Bambrough，its first and foremost a design projectthe texting lane was a tongueincheek(戏谑) reference to the collegewide epidemic(流行)of kids walking around with their faces buried in their iPhones.“You have 1824yearolds walking down the hall with smart phones.Youre almost bound to run into s
46、omeone somewhere；its something were dealing with in this day and age，” Bambrough said.“But preventing collisions isnt the reason we did itwe did it to arouse the students attention.Its meant to be there for people to look at and enjoy.”Still，when talking to Utah Valley students，it sounds like texting and walking can be quite the annoyance.Robbie Poffenberger，an assistant news editor at the UVU Review，said that most collisions he witnesses arent humanonhuman；rather，its generally humanoninanimateobject.“They walk into barrierschairs on the sid