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1、Part III Learning about language Grammar:关系副词、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句一 【学习目标】1、掌握定语从句中关系副词when, where, why的用法2、掌握定语从句中介词+关系代词的用法；3、关系代词和关系副词的选择：when, where, why和which/that的正确使用。二.【学前热身】熟读下列两组句子，找出其共同点：Part 1:1. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.2. The school wh
2、ere I studied for only two years was three kilometers away.3. This was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.4. The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.5. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were poorest parts of South Africa.6.
3、 We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful.Part2:1. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.2. He was generous with his time, for which was grateful.3. The parts of towns in which they had to live were decided by white people.4. We were put into a position
4、in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.二 【自主预习】I. 关系副词引导的定语从句1 when 指代时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。(1) October 1, 1949 was the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded. 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。 (2) I still remember the day _ _to this school.(come)我仍然记得我第一次来学校的日子。 (
5、3) Do you remember the years _with his grandparents. (live) 你记得他和爷爷住在农村的那些年月吗？2 where 指代地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。(1) Shanghai is the city _ I was born. 上海是我出生的城市。(2) The house _ ten years ago has been pulled down.（live） 我十年前住的房子已经被拆毁了。 3 why 指代原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。(1) Please tell me the reason _ you missed the plan
6、e.请告诉我你没赶上飞机的原因。(2) The reason _ _ _ is unknown to us.（punish）我们不知道他被惩罚的原因。 二、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句1. 关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。如：(1) Great changes are taking place in the city _ _ _they live.(2) I will never forget the days _ I lived in the country with my grandma.(3) The reason _ he has refus
7、ed the invitation is quite clear. 2. 以 way为先行词在定语从句中作状语时,通常由in which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。(1) I dont like the way _you laugh at her.(2) The way _ he answered the question was surprising. 三、关系代词与关系副词的选择 用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用（即所担当的成分）。试比较：(1) I know a place _ we can have a picnic.I know a place
8、_ is famous for its beautiful natural scenery. (2) I will never forget the days _ we spent our holidays together. I will never forget the days _ we spent together. (3) This is the reason _ he was dismissed.This is the reason _ he explained to me for his not attending the meeting.注意. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介
9、词仍放在短语动词的后面。 如：look for, look after, take care of 等。(1) This is the watch _(我正在找的手表). (look) (2) The babies _ _(这个护士照顾的孩子) are very healthy.（take） . 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。(1) The man with _ _just now is my neighbour.（talk）你刚才与之谈话的人是我邻居。 (2) I
10、have read the book _.（interest）我已经读过你感兴趣的书。. “介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。如：(1) He loves his parents deeply, _ _ _. (kind) 他很爱父母，他们对他很好。 (2) In the basket there are many apples, _ _ _ _ _. (go bad) 篮子里有很多苹果，其中一些已经坏了。 (3) There are forty students in o
11、ur class in all, _ _ _ big cities. 我们班共有40个学生，其中大多数来自大城市。 【练一练】1. We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people, _.(most)我们不应该花我们的钱给这么多人体检，他们大多数都很健康。2. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _.(neither)上周，只有两个人来看房子，两人都没买。3. The teacher gave the children some more pencils,_. (have
12、)老师又给了每个孩子一些铅笔，他们每个人已经有一支了。4. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _. (expect)那里的道路状况结果很好，这比我们预料的好多了。5. I am going to spend my holiday in Beijing _. (live)我计划去北京度假，那里住着我的老父母。6. I am going to spend my holiday in Beijing, _. (favorite) 我计划去北京度假,那是我最喜欢的城市。7.I dont believe the reason _. (absent)我不相信他为缺席所做的解释。8. _ is to tell you about a party on Saturday. (write)我给你写信的原因就是要告诉你关于星期六的晚会。9. We are living in an age _. (change)我们处于一个一切飞速发展的时代。10. I will never forget the days _. (stay)我永远忘不了我呆在你们美丽的乡村的那些日子。【课堂小结】我学会了：_我还不会：_ 4