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1、1选修选修 6Unit 4Global warming要 点 梳 理高效梳理知识备考重点单词1phenomenon n现象phenomena pl.2subscribe vi.同意；捐赠；订阅 vt.(签署)文件；捐助3quantity n量；数量quality n质量；品质4tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理tendency n倾向；趋势5trend n趋势；倾向；走向6oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量opposed adj.反对的；对立的7consequence n结果；后果；影响8state vt.陈述；说明statement n说明9range n种类；范
2、围10glance vi.看一下；扫视 n一瞥11steady adj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的steadily adv.平稳地；持续地12widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的13average adj.平均的14circumstance n环境；情况15refresh vt.使恢复；使振作16contribution n贡献contribute v贡献重点短语1come about发生；造成2subscribe to同意；赞成；订购3quantities of大量的4go up上升；增长；升起5result in导致6be opposed to反对7even if即使8keep on
3、继续9on the whole大体上；基本上10on behalf of代表一方；作为的代言人211put up with忍受；容忍12so long_ as只要13and so on等等重点句型1There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer(see Graph 1)and that it is human activitythat has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和(见图表 1)，而且全球转暖
4、是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。2Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases,the climateis going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。3It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not,_turn it o
5、ff！只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！4 It takes a lot of energy to make things from new materials,_so,if you can,buy things made fromrecycled materials.将新材料做成物品需要许多能量，因而，如果有可能请购买用回收材料制成的物品。高考范文学校计划举行英语作文竞赛，主题为 We Need Advice from Older Generations。请根据下列要求写一篇作文：你遇到了困难或问题，不知该怎么办。你去请教一位长辈，后来问题得到了解决。要求写清楚下面
6、三点：1当时面临的困难或问题是什么？2你获得的指教是什么？3结果如何？注意：1.作文总词数为 100 左右；2不能在作文中出现所在学校的校名和本人姓名，否则本节判为零分。_范文We Need Advice from Older GenerationsNo one can deal with every problem they meet on their own.We need advice from others at times,3especially from our older generations.The other day,I went to my uncle.I had had
7、 a hard time deciding which subject to major in in theuniversity.Id like to choose English because of my strong desire of learning languages,while myparents wanted me tomajor in science.Having learned my trouble,my uncle advised me to talk with my parents frankly,presenting my real thoughts.I did so
8、.My parents understood me and agreed to respect my finalchoice.Remember:Go to your older generations for advice,and they will not disappoint you.考 点 探 究互动探究能力备考.词汇短语过关1quantity n.量；数量a large quantity of.许多；大量(可数；不可数)quantities of.许多；大量in quantity/large quantities 批量；大量即学即练 1(1)There _ only a small q
9、uantity of wine left.只剩下很少一点酒了。(2)Large quantities of clothes and food _ provided for the earthquake areas.向地震灾区提供了大量的衣物和食品。(3)The government has been buying silver _ _ _.政府一直在购进大量白银。isareingreatquantities答案：提示：a large quantity of/quantities of 后可以跟可数名词也可跟不可数名词。如果该短语做主语，前者谓语动词的单复数要依据所修饰名词的单复数形式而定，后者
10、无论其后的名词可数或不可数，谓语动词都用复数。2tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理tendency n倾向；趋势tend to do sth.往往容易干某事tend towards/to 倾向于；趋于tend sb./sth.照顾，护理某人/某物4即学即练 2(1)The sort of music he listens to varies,but _ _ popular music.他听的音乐形形色色，不过倾向于流行音乐。(2)She _ _ get angry when people oppose to her plan.别人反对她的计划时，她很容易生气。tendstowa
11、rdstendsto(3)The nurse skillfully _ their wounds.那位护士熟练地为他们包扎伤口。tended3oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量opposed adj.相反的；对立的oppose sth./doing sth./sb.doing sth.反对某事/做某事/某人做某事oppose sth.to/against sth.使某事物与另一事物对照或对抗be opposed to.反对；与对立即学即练 3(1)He _ the proposal to build a new hall.他反对修建新礼堂的建议。(2)Do not _ your w
12、ill _ mine.不要用你的意愿和我的相抗衡。(3)She seems very much _ _ your going abroad.她好像很反对你出国。opposedopposeagainstopposedto4state vt.陈述；说明n状况；政府；国家；州in a.state 处于状态中in a bad/good state 处于良好(差)状况中staten./thatclause/whclause 阐明即学即练 4(1)She was _ _ _ _ when we arrived.我们到达时，她情绪5很不好。(2)He is _ _ _ _ _ health.他的健康状况不好
13、。(3)The witness _ that he had not seen the woman before.该证人说他以前从未见过那个女人。inaterriblestateinapoorstateofstated(4)She gave away _ _ to the enemy.她把国家的机密泄露给了敌人。(5)Please _ _ _ as they are.请如实地陈述事实。statesecretsstatethefacts5range n.种类，范围，幅度，界限v.(在一定范围内)变动，变化；排列a wide range of 一系列a full range of 各种in/with
14、in range 在射程以内，在范围内beyond/out of range 在射程外，在范围外in/out of the range of 在/超出范围out of ones range 某人能力达不到的，某人知识以外的range from.to.在范围内变动，包括由到之间的各类事物range between.and.在和范围内变动即学即练 5(1)The child was now _ _ _ _ of vision.6这孩子现在走出了她的视线。(2)There is _ _ _ _ activities for children.有给孩子们提供的各种活动。(3)Estimates of
15、the damage _ _$1 million _$5 million.估计损失在 100 万到 500 万美元之间。outofherrangeafullrangeofrangebetweenand(4)She has had a number of different jobs,_ _ chef _ swimming instructor.她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。rangingfromto6glance vi.一瞥，扫视，匆匆一看n.一瞥，扫视，掠过，闪光glance at/about/around/round/up/down.向看at a glance 立刻，一眼，(只)
16、看一眼at first glance 乍一看give/take/shoot/throw a glance(at).看一眼glance off 擦过，掠过即学即练 6(1)He _ nervously _ his watch.他紧张不安地看了一下表。(2)_ _ _ the place seemed deserted.乍一看，这地方似乎被废弃了。(3)He _ her _ _ _ as she walked into the room.她走进房间时，他朝她瞥了一眼。glancedatAtfirstglancegave7aquickglance(4)The bullet _ _ the side
17、of the car.子弹从汽车边上擦过。glancedoff7average n.平均数，一般，中等 adj.平均的，一般的，中等的 vi.平均(达到)，平均为the average of.的平均数above/below(the)average 在一般水准以上/下on(the/an)average 按平均数计算up to(the)average 达到水准average out.算出的平均数be of average height/intelligence 中等个子/智力即学即练 7(1)Parents spend _ _ _$200 a year on toys for their chil
18、dren.父母给孩子买玩具的花费每年平均为 200 美元。(2)Economic growth is expected to _ 2%next year.明年经济增长预计平均可达 2%。(3)_ earnings are around 20000.平均收入约为 2 万英镑anaverageofaverageAverage8come about 发生；造成；(风、船等)转向How does it come about that.?是怎样发生的？It comes about like this.事情是这样发生的come across 偶遇；碰到come along 进展；进行come out 公开
19、；问世；出版；被发行come round 恢复知觉；苏醒过来come to 涉及；共计；达到come up with 提出8come up 上来；被提出；发芽即学即练 8(1)Can you tell me _ the accident _ _？你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？(2)_ _ _ _ _ that he knew where we were?他是怎样知道我们在什么地方的呢？abouthowcameaboutHowdiditcome提示：come about,happen,take place 和 break out 这四个表示“发生”的词语，都是不及物动词，不可用于被动语态。9re
20、sult in 导致result from.由而引起as a result结果as a result of.由于的原因in the result 结果(是)with the result that 为此；因此即学即练 9(1)His carelessness _ _ a serious blunder.他的粗心使他犯了一个严重的错误。(2)His illness _ _ bad food.他的疾病是食物变质引起的。(3)_ _ _，we lost our way.结果，我们迷路了。resultsinresultedfromAsaresult910keep on 继续keep on doingg
21、o on doingcontinue doing/to do继续做keep sb./sth.doing sth.让某人/某物一直做某事keep sb./sth.from doing sth.阻止某人/某物做某事keep down 控制，压制keep up 保持，维持；继续keep up with 跟上，不落在后面keep away 避开，离开，使不靠近keep back 隐瞒(某事)，阻止keep off 让开，不接近keep out of.置身于之外keep together 聚在一起，协调一致keep.in mind 记住keep in touch with.与保持联系提示：keep do
22、ing sth.表示动作或状态的持续，连续不断地或反复地做；keep on doing sth.表示动作的反复，动作之间略有间隔。即学即练 10(1)Dont _ _ _ such noise.不要老是发出这样的噪音。(2)Dont _ _ such foolish things.不要老是做这样的傻事。(3)I will _ _ _ until I reach my goal!我还是要继续奋斗直到成功！keeponmakingkeepdoingkeeponstriving11put up with 忍受；容忍put aside 节省，储蓄，储存put down 写下，记下，击败，平定put f
23、orward 提出建议，把向前拨put off 延期，推迟put on 穿上，戴上，演出10put out 熄灭，扑灭put through 接通电话即学即练 11(1)I cant _ _ _ your rudeness any more;leave the room.我不能再忍受你这种无礼的态度了，请离开这个房间。(2)No longer being able to _ _ _ my toothache,I went to consult a dentist.我再也忍受不住牙痛，于是就去找牙科医生诊治。putupwithputupwith(3)Can you _ me _ to reser
24、vation?你可以给我接客房部吗？(4)He _ _ a good plan at the meeting.他在会议上提出了一项好计划。putthroughputforward.重点句型详解1 Even_if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases,the climateis going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。even ifev
25、en though 引导让步状语从句，意为“即使，纵使”。Even if we achieve great success in our work,we should not be conceited.即使我们在工作中取得了巨大的成功，也不应该自满。Even if some foreigners speak ill of our Shenzhou spaceship,we still stick to the route ofpeaceful exploration of the space.即便某些外国人对中国“神舟”七号说三道四，但我们仍将坚持和平探索太空的路线不动摇。即境活用 1(1)J
26、ack felt grateful to his teacher _ he couldnt find words to express it.Aas ifBeven thoughCso thatDnow that解析：句意：尽管无法用言语表达，但 Jack 仍对老师感激不尽。只有 even though 符合句意11要求。答案：B(2)The government should protect the old valuable buildings _ they are not in harmony withthe modern ones nearby.Aeven thoughBas ifCso
27、 thatDnow that解析：句意为：虽然这些古建筑与附近现代化建筑物不协调，但政府有必要保护它们。只有even though 表示让步的意义。答案：A2It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so_long_as you are using itif not,turn it off!在使用电器设备时你可以把它一直开着，如果不用把它关掉！as/so long as 意为“只要”，用来引导条件状语从句。As long as you can be back before 10 oclock,you can go out.只要你 10 点钟前能回
28、来，你可以外出。As long as you accept our conditions,well start working immediately.只要你答应我们的条件，我们就立即开始工作。归纳拓展：as far as“到达某个提及的地方”和“在范围内；就而言”。as many as“多达”“达到之多”。与可数名词复数连用。as much as“多达”“达到之多”。与不可数名词连用。as soon as 作“一就”解，引导时间状语从句。as well as 不仅后者，前者也；除之外as good as 和一样好，实际上相当于即境活用 2Have you got any idea for t
29、he summer vacation?I dont mind where we go _ theres sun,sea and beach.Aas ifBas long asCnow thatDin order that解析：as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。答案：B易 错 点 拨自我完善误区备考1.glance/glare/stare/glimpse2.(1)glance 指快速地看某人或某物一眼。123.(2)glare 指以强烈的敌意或怒气，威吓般注视。4.(3)stare 指由于生气、害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某人或某物。5.(4)glimpse 意为“瞥见”，是 glan
30、ce 动作的结果。1.应用 1用 glance,glare,stare,glimpse 的适当形式填空2.(1)He walked and _ at his watch now and then.3.(2)They _ at each other across the table after the quarrel.4.(3)The children _ at the stranger with open eyes.glancedglaredstared(4)He _ a short whitehaired figure heading for the back door.glimpsed2.
31、average/common/ordinary/usual/general/normal(1)average“普通的；平常的；一般的”，强调事物处于平均水平。(2)common“普通的”，强调常见的，大家都有的；也可解释为“共同的，共有的”。(3)ordinary“平常的，普通的”，强调没有任何特别之处。(4)usual“通常的”，一般指和过去一贯的，一样的。(5)general 一般的，大体的(6)normal 正常的应用 2(1)It is very _ for him to get up so early.他早起是很自然的事情。(2)I plan to meet you at the _
32、 place.我计划和你在老地方碰面。(3)Skim the passage and tell the _ idea of it.浏览全文，说出大意。normalusualgeneral(4)It was an _ piece of work.那是一件普通的产品。(5)Flu is a _ disease.13流行感冒是常见病。(6)It was an _ lunch of soup and rice.这是一顿由汤和米饭组成的普通午餐。averagecommonordinary3.take place/come about/happen/occur/break out都有“发生”之意，并且都用
33、做不及物动词，即无被动语态。(1)take place 强调必然性或按事先的安排而发生。(2)happen,come about 多为偶然发生。(3)break out 多指战争、火灾、地震、疾病等的突然发生。(4)occur 多指意想不到的事情的发生。应用 3(1)Argument occasionally _ between them.他们之间偶尔也发生争论。(2)How did it _ that they knew where we were?他们是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？(3)When does the meeting _？会议什么时候举行？occurscome abouttak
34、e place(4)If anything _ to you,let me know.要是你出了什么事，就告诉我。(5)Fire _ during the night.夜间突然发生了火灾。happensbroke out高 效 作 业自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1Alarge q_ of airconditioners has been sold since the temperature is high.2Such a mistake would perhaps lead to disastrous c_.3The a_ of 4,5 and 9 is 6.4Several cars are
35、available within this price r_.5Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe p_.14quantityconsequencesaveragerangepollution6The personnel manager _(浏览)down the list of names of the applicants.7We are making slow but _(稳步的)progress.8Their socalled prosperity is only a temporary_(现象
36、)9The recent _(分歧)points up the differences between the two sides.10The pie is not very hot.Can you use the _(微波炉)to heat it a bit more?glancedsteadyphenomenondisagreementmicrowave.单项选择1Have you seen the paper today?_ go the prices again!AOnBAheadCOutDUp答案：D解析：句意：你看今天的报纸了吗？价格又上涨了！up 为副词，放于句首，句子要全部倒装
37、。2How do you find the football match between Guangdong and Liaoning?There is nothing special.It is only _.AaverageBordinaryCcommonDusual答案：A解析：average 在此指“中等的，一般的”。ordinary 普通的；common 常见的；usual 通常的。3You must _ working in the evening,unless you are sure you can finish the task in time.Akeep onBtry on
38、Cget onDinsist on答案：A解析：keep on doing 继续做某事。try on 尝试；get on 上车；insist on 坚持。154She will have to find some other work for she cant _ this loud noise any more.Acome up withBkeep up withCgrow up withDput up with答案：D解析：考查动词短语。put up with“忍受，忍耐”合题意。come up with 提出，keep up with追上，赶上；无 grow up with 搭配。5My
39、 mother was very much opposed to _ abroad.Ame goBme to goCmy goingDI went答案：C解析：be opposed to“反对”，后接名词、动名词做宾语。6Rose lost her job again.Dont worry.There is _ work for girls of her age.Atoo muchBa number ofCplenty ofDquantity of答案：C解析：考查短语辨析。plenty of“大量，许多”修饰可数或不可数名词；too much 修饰不可数名词，通常有责备之意；a number
40、 of 只能修饰可数名词复数；D 项应该改为 a quantity of。7The girl _ shyly at the young fellow from behind his fans.AglancedBglimpsedCglaredDstared答案：A解析：glance 指快速地看一眼。glimpse 意为“瞥见”，强调结果；glare“怒视”；stare at 指由于生气、害怕或吃惊等睁大眼睛注视某人或某物。8What is the cost of your skirts here,sir?It depends on which fashion you want to buy,an
41、d the prices _ from 100 dollars to 500dollars.AincreaseBrangeCreachDdifferent答案：B解析：range from.to.“从到范围内变动”。D 项应为 be different from.to.。9There is no obvious evidence _ there is life on any other planet in the solar system.AwhichBthatChowDwhere16答案：B解析：考查名词性从句。此处是 that 引导同位语从句对 evidence 进行具体的说明。语意：没有
42、明显的证据表明在太阳系的其他行星上有生命存在。据此选 B 项。10You have made a few mistakes in your composition but _，its well written.Afirst of allBon the wholeCon the other handDso far答案：B解析：on the whole 大体上，基本上。first of all 首先；on the other hand 另一方面；so far 到目前为止。11Any damage _ negligence must be paid for by the borrower.Aresu
43、lting inBresulting fromCresulted fromDresulted in答案：B解析：句意：任何由于疏忽引起的损害必须由借者偿赔。resulting from 为现在分词做后置定语。12How did it _ that you made such a silly mistake?I myself havent figured it out yet.Abring aboutBcome aboutCcome acrossDcome on答案：B解析：句型 How does it come about that.？意为：“是怎么回事？”bring about 导致，引起；
44、come across 偶然碰到；come on 加油。13._ he does his work,I dont mind what time he arrives at the office.ASo far asBSo long asCIn caseDMeanwhile答案：B解析：考查 so long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。so far as“据，就”；in case 以防万一；meanwhile 与此同时。14The fiveyearold boy _，the whole family burst into tears.AkidnapBkidnappedCwas kidnapp
45、edD was kidnapping答案：B解析：考查独立主格结构。语意：这个 5 岁的男孩被绑架后，全家人号啕大哭。前半句是独立主格结构，在句中作状语，the fiveyearold boy 与 kidnap 之间是动宾关系。1715_the people have become masters of their country _ science can really serve thepeople.AIt is only then;thatBIt was that;whenCIt is only when;thatDIt was when;then答案：C解析：这是一个强调句，强调的是一
46、个 when 引导的状语从句。.完形填空Afeeling of excitement overcame me as I looked around the stadium.At 5：30 pm,two hours before game time,I walked into the locker room(更衣室).My _1_ ofschool,music and what I planned to do on Saturday night were _2_ with the simple aim to beatthe football team across the field from
47、us tonight.Approaching my locker,I noticed my teammates _3_.Some rested on benches,staring up atthe ceiling _4_ it were a film of the opposing teams play.Some seemed a bit more _5_，using the time to tell jokes.A few stared at the field,_6_what will happen in 120 minutes.Our coach,Tony Severino,came
48、out of his office at 6 oclock.He told the team how _7_ thisgame was for the season,between two of the states top teamsmy school and our opposing team,Liberty High School.His words gave the team impulse(冲动)it needed to _8_.At 7：10 pm,warmups finished,we went over the game _9_and discussed what we nee
49、dedto do for the next three hours.The sound of the national anthem(庄严正式的歌曲)_10_that we were only minutes from theaction.Our coach usually made a final _11_.But tonight was different.On this clear night he_12_looked around the room at all the players and shouted,“Lets go and get them.”Even_13_the“get
50、”came out of his mouth,we were already _14_ our way out of the door.Outside,a few young fans reached to touch our hands,eager to be a _15_ of our schoolswinning tradition.When I smiled and _16_my hand,the young faces lit up as if they had justmet Superman.Seconds later,the team ran onto the _17_,mov