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1、专题六 连词易错清单1. as,while,when,as用作连词时,含义比较多,A)引导时间状语从句。(1)用“as soon as”结构,意思是“一就”。例如:Please e-mail me as soon as you get there.请你一到那里就给我发电子邮件。Ill tell him the news as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就把这个消息告诉他。(2)作“与同时、一边一边、当的时候”讲时,强调主从句的动作同时发生,而从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。例如:He read the letter as he walked along the ri
2、ver.他一边沿着河边走,一边读信。As I waited at the stop, I heard a big noise.我在车站候车的时候,听到了一声巨响。B)引导比较状语从句。用于“as.as”结构中,第一个as是副词,第二个as是连词。否定句用not as/so.as结构。例如:He sings as well as his brother. 他唱歌和哥哥一样好。Canoeing is not as/so interesting as sailing.划独木舟没有航海有趣。C)引导原因状语从句。表示明显的原因,意思是“由于、鉴于”。例如:We all like her as she
3、is kind. 我们都喜欢她,因为她善良。As youre tired, youd better have a rest. 因为你疲劳,你最好休息一下。D)引导让步状语从句。作“虽然、尽管”讲时,相当于though,但是没有as常用。例如:As/Though they were tired,they still walked on. 尽管很累,他们还是继续走。 (=Tired as/though they were,they still walked on.)As I like it,I will not buy it.虽然我喜欢这个东西,但是我不想买。E)引导方式状语从句,意为“按照、如同
4、”。如:I have changed it as you suggested.我已经按照你的建议修改了。As two is to three,four is to six.四比六等于二比三。含有as的短语和固定搭配常见的有:(1)as well as也(2)as if 好像(3)the same as 和一样(4)such as 例如(5)as.as possible 尽可能(6)so as to 为了要、以便(7)as soon as 一就(8)as a matter of fact事实上/实际上(9)as for 至于(10)as well 也(=also/too)(11)not only
5、.but also.不但而且(12)both.and.既又as用作介词,意为“如同、作为、当作”,与介词like不同,as表示某人/物看起来完全一样或几乎相同,而表示相似关系,但不等同。如:Dont have him as a servant. 不要把他看作仆人。He works as a servant. 他以仆人的身份工作着。试比较:He works like a servant. 他像仆人一样工作。 (实际上不是。)as作“作为”讲时,相当于being。如:As a student,its bad manners to be late for class. 作为学生,迟到是不礼貌的。(=
6、Being a student,its bad manners to be late for class.)as常与动词连用,构成短语或固定搭配如:look upon.as把看作;regard.as把认为是/把看作;act as担任、充当等。as用作副词,意思是“同样地”,通常用来修饰副词或形容词。如:He works hard,but I study just as hard.他努力学习,我学习也一样努力。Their shool is as beautiful as ours.他们的学校和我们的学校一样美丽。when用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“当的时候”。如:She wants to
7、be a scientist when she grows up.她长大后想当科学家。When the game began,I was waiting for a taxi.当比赛开始时,我在等出租车。when可以引导宾语状语从句,后面跟陈述句语序,意思是“什么时候、何时”。如:Please tell me when you came here.请告诉我你是什么时候到的。He asked when the game would start.他问比赛什么时候开始。when用作疑问副词,意为“什么时候、何时”,引导特殊疑问句,可以问时间点,也可以问时间段。如:When do you usuall
8、y go to school every day?你每天通常什么时候上学?At six oclock.六点钟。When will he be back?他什么时候回来?In a week.一个星期以后。When were you born?你是什么时候出生的?I was born in 1995.我出生在1995年。while用作连词时,意为“当的时候、和同时”,引导时间状语从句,从句只能指时间段,不能指时间点,谓语动词必须是延续性动词或状态动词。如:Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。Somebody broke into the house while w
9、e were out.我们外出时有人破门而入。while用作连词时,引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然、尽管”。如:While I admit his good points,I can see his shortcomings.尽管我承认他的优点,我还是看到他的缺点了。while用作名词,意思是“一会儿、一段时间”。如:Please wait a while. 请稍等。I havent seen him for a long while. 我好久没有看到他了。2. because,since,as,forbecause 表示理由或直接原因,意思是“因为”,语气最强。引导原因状语从句时,常用于句子中
10、间,位于句首时,要用逗号隔开。单独成句时,通常用来回答why所提出的问题。例如:I like my parrot because it can sing.因为鹦鹉会唱歌,所以我喜欢它。Pandas are my favorite animals because theyre very cute.因为熊猫很可爱,所以它们是我最喜爱的动物。Why do you like giraffes?Because they are very interesting.你为什么喜欢长颈鹿?因为它们很有趣。because表示理由/原因时,不能与so直接连用。汉语中,表示因果关系时要用“因为所以”;而英语中,用be
11、cause就不用so,用so就不用because。试比较:Nick caught a bad cold yesterday,so he had to stay at home.Because Nick caught a bad cold yesterday,he had to stay at home. 尼克昨天得了重感冒,因此他不得不待在家里。because 可以与of连用,构成介词短语 because of,之后跟名词、代词、词组或短语表示理由/原因。如:He has poor eyesight because of doing lots of computer work.由于做大量的电脑
12、工作,他的视力差。The match was put off because of the bad weather.比赛由于天气不好被推迟了。since 表达明显的或已知的理由,意为“既然”。since 引导的从句常用于句首,语气不如because,但是比as语气强。引导的从句位于句子末尾时,可以作为补充说明。如:Since everybody is here,lets begin.既然大家都到了,那我们就开始吧。Since you dont want to go there,I wont force you to.既然你不想去,我也不勉强你。Ill go to ask someone els
13、e,since you have no time.既然你没有时间,我就去找别人。as 表示理由时,意为“由于”,引导原因状语从句时,主、从句并重,主句说明原因,从句说明结果,相当于since,但是语气不如since。如:As it was late,I left in a hurry.因为天色已晚,我就匆忙离开了。As Im very busy,I cant go with you.我很忙,所以不能和你一起去。for是并列连词,表明附加或推断的理由,常用于口语中,意为“因为”。for连接的句子一般不用于句首,并列句之间可以用逗号分开。如:I must be away for a week,fo
14、r Ill go to Shanghai.我要离开一个星期,因为我要去上海。He must be at home,for the light in the room is on.他一定在家,因为房间里的灯亮着。Im late for class for I got up late.我上学迟到是因为我起床迟了。3. so.that,such.thatso.that.意为“如此以至于”, so是副词,后面跟形容词或副词,that后面跟句子表示结果,常见的句型结构有下面四种:A. so+形容词+that从句The novel is so popular that it ran into two ed
15、itions in a year.这本小说是那么受欢迎,一年内就出了两版。She was so surprised that she just stood there.她是如此吃惊,就呆呆地站在那里。B. so+副词+that从句He drove so fast that he found it difficult to stop at the red light. 他开车那么快,发现红灯时已无法刹车了。His friends were walking so slowly that he began to feel bored. 他的朋友走得那么慢,他开始感到厌倦。C. so+形容词+a+单数
16、名词+that从句It is so heavy a stone that I cant lift it.这么重的一块石头,我举不起来。It is so lovely a day that Id like to go swimming.如此好的天气,我想去游泳。D. so+形容词+复数名词+that从句He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.他摔了那么多跤,以致浑身青一块、紫一块。There were so many people in the street that our car couldnt cross. 街上的人
17、那么多,我们的小汽车过不去。so.that.可以与以下结构转换:A. 与too.to.结构的转换too.to.意为“太而不能”,与so.that.结构互换时,that从句中必须使用情态动词cant(如果是过去时则用couldnt)。如:He was so clever that he couldnt make such stupid mistakes. He was too clever to make such stupid mistakes. 他太聪明了,不会犯这么愚蠢的错误。温馨提示:如果主从句的主语不一致,改为同义句时,要用too.for sb. to.结构。如:That questi
18、on is so difficult that I cant work it out. That question is too difficult for me to work out. 这个问题太难,我算不出来。B. 与enough to do/not enough to do 结构的转换a)与enough to do sth. 结构的转换。enough to do sth.意为“足够做某事”,与so.that.结构转换时,that从句中必须使用情态动词can。如:You are so healthy that you can get back to school. You are hea
19、lthy enough to get back to school. 你身体健康,可以回学校去了。b)与not.enough to do结构的转换。not.enough to do意为“没到做某事的”,与so.that.结构转换时,that从句中必须使用含有否定意义的情态动词。enough前面的形容词是so.that.结构中so后面形容词的反义词。如:The boy is so young that he cant dress himself. The boy is not old enough to dress himself.这个孩子还没到自己穿衣服的年龄。He is so impatie
20、nt that he cant wait. He is not patient enough to wait. 他没有足够的耐心等待。C. 与such.that.结构的转换such.that.意为“这样以至于”,与so.that.结构转换时,必须用“so+形容词+a+单数名词+that从句”结构。如:It is so interesting a TV that all of us want to see it again. It is such an interesting TV that all of us want to see it again. 电视剧如此有趣,我们所有人都想再看一遍。
21、It is so heavy a stone that I cant lift it. It is such a heavy stone that I cant lift it. 这么重的石头,我举不起来。such.that结构中的such是个形容词,后接名词或名词短语。如:It was such a hot day that he went swimming. 如此热的天气,以至于他去游泳。如果在名词之前有many,much,little,few时,用so,不用such。如:He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.他
22、受到的教育很少以至于他找不到工作。提分策略连词的考查在近几年的中考题中出现率较高,测试内容涉及并列连词的用法、时间状语从句、让步状语从句等。遇到有关连词的单项选择题时,考生需注意下面的问题:1. 简单连词的选择首先找出连词在句中是连接词与词、短语与短语还是连接句子与句子,以此来确定用并列连词还是从属连词。如果选择并列连词,应该根据具体的语境,通过句意来确定应该用表示平行或承接关系的连词、选择关系的并列连词还是表示因果关系的并列连词。【例1】(2014北京24)Id like to go with you, Im too busy. A. orB. andC. soD. but【解析】考查连词的
23、用法。由后一句中的“too busy”判断,应该用but来连接,表示转折,不是选择、递进或因果。 故选D。【答案】D【例2】(2014江西30) jeans were invented over 100 years ago,theyre still in fashion today.A. BecauseB. IfC. AlthoughD. Since【解析】考查连词的用法。 由句子关系和句意“100多年前发明牛仔裤,现在仍然时髦”判断,该句是让步状语从句。故选C。【答案】C2. 复合连词和短语连词的选择。复合连词和短语连词可以引导并列句和各种不同的复合句。常见的有:both.and.;eith
24、er.or.;neither.nor.;as well;not only.but also;as soon as【例】(2013内蒙古包头32)One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future we can face all the challenges with confidence.A. so farB. so thatC. even ifD. if only【解析】考查短语连词的辨析。 so far到目前为止;so that 以至于;even if 即使;if only 如果;由句意“我们学校的一个重要目标是为
25、我们的将来做准备以至于我们能够有信心面对各种挑战”判断,该句是因果关系,应该用短语连词so that来连接。故选B。【答案】B3. 从属连词的选择如果需要选择从属连词,应该根据主句与从句之间的关系确定是宾语从句还是状语从句。如果是状语从句,还要根据句意分析,从句是表示时间、条件、原因还是结果等。 然后确定所需的连词。【例1】(2014河南34)Hes not a perfect child. He sometimes talks back his parents talks with him.A. ifB. beforeC. whenD. until【解析】考查连词的用法。由句意“他不是个完美
26、的孩子,他父母和他谈话时,他有时顶嘴”和句子之间的关系判断,该句是时间状语从句,不是条件状语从句。因为主句和从句的动作同时发生,不是前后发生的或“直到为止”。故选 C。【答案】C【例2】(2013浙江义乌19)Ill probably stay with my friends I get my own place to live in.A. beforeB. whenC. afterD. because【解析】考查连词的用法。这是一个含有时间状语从句的复合句。A项表示“在以前”,B项表示“当的时候”,C项表示“在之后”,D项表示“因为”。根据句意:“在我有自己的房子之前,我很可能和我的朋友们住
27、在一起”,可知本题选A。【答案】A专项训练1. (2014江苏盐城 13)Mum,I want some pocket money.Well. I wont give it to you you wash your clothes.A. ifB. unlessC. whileD. though2. (2014山东德州24) the cars old,it still runs well.A. BecauseB. SoC. AlthoughD. But3. (2014江苏泰州 10)He is very glad and keeps smiling, he has already known t
28、he good news.A. as ifB. even thoughC. even ifD. so that4. (2014内蒙古赤峰32)Do you know the girl in blue is?Im not sure. May be a teacher.A. whose B. howC. whatD. which5. (2014 江苏扬州11)Why were you late for school again this morning?I was about to go shopping it began to rain.A. while B. asC. whenD. thoug
29、h6. (2014 江苏东台14)You can save money you buy cheaper things.A. beforeB. unlessC. ifD. until7. (2013天津)Help others whenever you can youll make the world a nicer place to live in.A. orB. andC. butD. so8. (2013安徽)How was your climbing Mount Huang?I didnt believe I could do it I got to the top.A. untilB.
30、 whileC. afterD. though9. (2013江苏苏州)Cross the road carefully, youll keep yourself safe.A. soB. orC. butD. and10. (2013上海静安)Which mobile phone would you like to buy,an HTC an iPhone 5?A. andB. soC. butD. or11. (2013山西)Wang Dong didnt go to school yesterday he was ill.A. soB. ifC. because12. (2013河南安阳
31、)Hurry up, you will miss the train.A. andB. soC. orD. but13. (2013云南) we dont save water,we will have no water to drink one day.A. WhereB. WhenC. AlthoughD. If14. (2013浙江杭州)We will be punished we break the law.A. untilB. ifC. unlessD. though参考答案与解析1. B解析:考查连词辨析用法。该句是条件状语从句,所以排除C、D两项。因为主句是否定结构,从句也要否定
32、结构,双重否定表示肯定。故选B。2. C解析:考查连词辨析用法。Because因为;So因此;Although 虽然;But但是。该句是让步状语从句,应该用although来连接。故选C。3. A解析:考查短语连词辨析用法。as if好像;even though虽然;even if 即使;so that以便;结果。句意:他非常高兴,一直在笑着,仿佛他已经知道这个好消息了。故选A。4. C解析:考查连词辨析用法。该句是宾语从句,whose是所有格,之后要跟名词;how是询问怎么样;what是询问干什么、是什么;which是询问哪一个。疑问句是询问女孩是干什么的,所以排除A、B、D三项。故选C。5
33、. C解析:考查连词辨析用法。while 和同时;as一边;when当的时候;这时;though虽然。从句是并列句,所以排除A、B、D三项。故选C。6. C解析:考查连词辨析用法。before 在之前;unless如果不;if 如果;until直到。该句是条件状语从句,不是时间状语从句,所以排除A、D两项。B项含否定意义,也不符合题意。故选C。7. B解析:考查连词用法。根据题意“无论什么时候,尽你所能帮助别人,你会让这个世界变得更美好。”等同于肯定意义的条件句。相当于结构“祈使句+and+将来时”,故选B。8. A解析:考查连词用法。not.until.直到才。根据句意“直到我爬到山顶我才相
34、信我能做到”可知选A。9. D解析:考查连词辨析。so因此;or否则;but表示转折;and理解为“那么”,用于表示并列。根据题意“小心穿越马路,能保证自己安全”可知用and 连接。10. D解析:考查连词用法。which引导的特殊疑问句是选择疑问句,选择项用or连接。11. C解析:考查连词用法。上句是“王东没有去上学,”下句是“他生病了”,显然后者是前者的原因,因此用because。12. C解析:考查并列连词用法。句意:快点,否则你会错过火车的。or有“否则”的意思。因此答案选C。13. D解析:考查连词用法。句意:如果我们不节约用水,有一天我们将会没有水喝的。If “如果”引导条件状语从句。14. B解析:考查连词用法。“违反法律和受到惩罚”存在一种假设,故用if引导,句意:如果我们违反了法律,就会受到惩罚。12