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1、-1-Section Grammar&Writing 动词ing 形式作状语 阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法 1Will,still watching,saw the cat behave curiously.2When it had gone past he crossed the road,keeping his eyes on the spot where the cat had been investigating.3While sitting by a pool,Ferdinand sees a frog.4Before leaving his kingdom,he calls h
2、is son to him.5Not knowing her address,I cant write to her to express my gratitude.6Having lived with the girl for 5 years,we all know her very well.一、基本用法 动词ing 形式作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一个动作(即动作ing形式与主语在逻辑上存在主动关系)，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬，它可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随动作，相当于相对应的状语从句或 and 引导的并列句。1动词ing 形式作时间状语，多置
3、于句首，也可置于句末。Hearing the good news，they went wild with joy.听到这个消息，他们高兴得发了狂。Shopping in the mall，I came across my former classmate，Tom.当我在商场购物时，我遇见了以前的同学汤姆。2动词ing 形式作原因状语，多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中。Getting up late，he missed his early train.由于起床晚了，他没有赶上早班火车。-2-Not knowing how to deal with the difficult situation，h
4、e turned to his teacher for help.因为不知道如何应对这个困难的情况，他向老师求助。3动词ing 形式作条件状语，多置于句首。Turning to the right at the second crossing，you will see the post office right before you.在第二个十字路口向右拐，你会看到邮局就在你前面。Being more careful，you will make fewer mistakes.更细心点，你就会少犯错误。4动词ing 形式作让步状语，多置于句首。相当于一个让步状语从句。Being poor，the
5、 old man was happy.虽然穷，但老人很幸福。Knowing where I live，he never comes to see me.尽管知道我住哪里，他从来也没有来看我。5动词ing 形式作结果状语，多置于句末。动词ing 形式作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。而不定式作结果状语则表示出乎意料的结果，且常与 only，just，never 等连用。The boy fell off his bike，breaking his left arm.男孩从他的自行车上摔了下来，弄折了他的左胳膊。He hurried to the station，only to be told tha
6、t the train had already left.他匆忙赶到车站，却被告知火车已经开走了。6动词ing 形式作方式或伴随状语，多置于句末，也可置于句首。Laughing and talking，they went back home.他们有说有笑，回到了家。He sat at the table，reading a magazine.他坐在桌子旁，读着一本杂志。二、动词ing 形式短语前可用连词，有时也可用介词或副词 1为了使动词ing 形式作状语所表达的时间、条件、让步等意思更加明确，可在动词ing 形式前加上适当的连词(when，while，before，after，if，unle
7、ss，though/although 等)。-3-Dont talk while having dinner(while you are having dinner)吃饭时不要说话。Though working hard，he couldnt earn enough money to pay off his debt.尽管努力工作，他也不能挣到足够的钱还清债务。2动词ing 形式短语前可用介词 on/upon，表示“一就”。On hearing the news，all the pupils jumped with joy.一听到这个消息，所有的学生都高兴得跳了起来。3为了强调结果，可在动词i
8、ng 形式前加副词 thus。The bus was held up by the snowstorm，thus causing the delay.公共汽车遭遇暴风雪，因此造成了延误。三、动词ing 形式的否定式和完成式 1动词ing 形式的否定式通常在ing 形式前加否定词 not。She was puzzled，not knowing what had happened.她迷惑了，不知道发生了什么。2动词ing 形式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。Having finished the letter，he folded it and put it into the envelope
9、.写完信后，他把信折起来装进了信封。四、独立成分和独立主格作状语 有些现在分词短语可以独立成为句子成分，不受句子主语的限制，这些常见的结构有：judging from/by“从来判断”；generally speaking“一般说来”；supposing“假设”；speaking of“说到”；considering“鉴于”。现在分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语要与主句的主语相一致，但有时也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。.单句语法填空 【导学号：38300012】1 (know)the place very well，I acted as their guide.2 (fini
10、sh)his homework，the boy went out to play.3I built all my hopes on his promises，only (find)that he was not an honest person.4He ran all the way，(reach)the school out of breath.-4-5Ill go to meet you，time (permit)【答案】1.Knowing2.Having finished3.to find 4reaching5.permitting.单句改错 1Heard the bad news，sh
11、e couldnt help crying.2Weather permits，we will have a picnic.3He left the room in a hurry，said nothing.4Seen from here，youll get a wonderful view of the city.5He got to the office ahead of time，caught the first bus.【答 案】1.HeardHearing 2.permitspermitting 3.saidsaying4.SeenSeeing5.caught 前加 having 如何
12、写关于文学或电影评论的短文 评论性的作文写作应从以下两点着手：1评价或观点：观点或立场要明确，无论是从反面评价一个事物或是从正面评价一个事物，你可以通过反向或正向推理来佐证你的观点。2总结自己的感想，这也是很重要的，这是一个可以使你的文章凝聚升华的部分，其重要性不言而喻，你可以通过举例来证明自己的感想，比如要写关于善良的文章，你就可以举一些历史上很善良的人物。亮点句式 1Many people think/believe/suggest that fantasy literature is usually indirect and thrilling.2The majority of us c
13、onsider it very necessary to read some.3What I want to stress is that.-5-4According to the survey，films and literature play an important part in our daily life.5Views vary from person to person.【写作任务】根据下表内容，以 Why is fantasy literature so popular with young people？为题写一篇 100 词左右的短文。现状 原因 建议 奇幻文学情节曲折惊险
14、，能够吸引年轻人。奇幻文学生动有趣，富于教育意义，容易感动年轻人。许多年轻人喜欢奇幻文学，他们阅读奇幻文学时往往忘记吃饭、睡觉。奇幻文学往往描绘年轻人在现实生活中无法实现的事情，对年轻人理想的实现是一个弥补。适量阅读一些奇幻文学，但不要沉溺其中，以免不适应现实生活。审题谋篇 体裁 议论文 话题 文学或影视作品 时态 一般现在时 人称 第三人称 遣词造句.词汇 1at present 当前 2be popular with 受的欢迎 3indirect and thrilling 曲折惊险 4lively and interesting 生动有趣 5make up for 弥补 6be/beco
15、me addicted to 沉溺于之中.句式 【导学号：38300013】-6-1他们阅读奇幻文学时往往忘记吃饭、睡觉。When they read some fantasy literature，they often forget to eat and sleep 2同时，奇幻文学通常生动、有趣而又有教育意义。At the same time，fantasy literature is usually lively，interesting and instructive 3除此之外，奇幻文学往往描绘年轻人在现实生活中无法实现的事情，对年轻人理想的实现是一个弥补。Besides，fantas
16、y literature usually describes something that young people cant do in real life，so it makes up for the realization of young peoples dreams.4读适量的奇幻文学还是有用的，但不用沉迷于此，否则你可能适应不了现实。It is useful to read a proper amount of fantasy literature，but dont become addicted to it or you may not adapt yourself to rea
17、lity 妙笔成篇 【参考范文】Why is fantasy literature so popular with young people?At present，many young people like to read fantasy literature.When they read some fantasy literature，they often forget to eat and sleep.Why is fantasy literature so popular with young people？Here are some main reasons.First，the pl
18、ot of fantasy literature is usually indirect and thrilling.So it can attract young people.At the same time，fantasy literature is usually lively，interesting and instructive.As a result，it can easily move young people.Besides，fantasy literature usually describes something that young people cant do in
19、real life，so it makes up for the realization of young peoples dreams.It is useful to read a proper amount of fantasy literature，but dont become addicted to it or you may not adapt yourself to reality.-7-学业分层测评学业分层测评(六六).完成句子 1 (听到坏消息)，Mary felt very sad.2 (这儿没有公共汽车)，we had to go to work on foot.3The
20、 fire lasted nearly five days，(没有剩下什么值钱的东西)4You must be careful (过马路的时候)5 (虽然从早到晚地拼命干)，his father didnt get enough food.【答案】1.Hearing the bad news2.There being no bus3.leaving nothing valuable4.when crossing the street5.Although working hard from morning till night.阅读理解 A If Harry Potter was one of
21、audiences top choices in recent cinematic history,its actress，Emma Watson,will never be forgotten.She stars in Sofia Coppolas latest work,The Bling Ring,which became a big event in the Cannes film festival.Before the premiere(首映),Watson said“Harry Potter feels like such a long time ago,but obviously
22、 its still very present,being played in peoples living rooms.Im not trying to run away from it,but its that Ive had such an amazing three or four years to transform into new roles and work with new creative people.”Coppolas film is based on the true story of a group of Los Angeles teenagers，who stol
23、e luxury goods(奢侈品)from the houses of the rich and famous in order to copy their lifestyles.Watson said“It wasnt so much about the stealing.They wanted to pretend for two hours that they were Paris Hilton and to live that lifestyle for real.”Among the thieves targets(对 象)was Hilton.Between October 2
24、008 and November 2009,they stole more than 3 million worth of items.They also showed off the items on Facebook.Making the actors/actresses popular might be regarded as the final victory for the film,but according to Coppola,that was far from her purpose.“I changed the names of the characters because
25、 I didnt want to make them more famous，”she said，adding that she was“not too concerned with the reactions”of the people on whom the story is based.-8-【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由“哈利波特”女星艾玛沃森(Emma Watson)主演，索菲亚科波拉(Sofia Coppola)根据真实事件编导的新片 珠光宝气(The Bling Ring)。1The Bling Ring is a film that is AEmma Watsons
26、 best known film Bmore famous than Harry Potter Cthe best choice for teenagers Ddirected by Sofia Coppola【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“She stars in Sofia Coppolas latest work，The Bling Ring”可知。【答案】D 2According to the last paragraph,Coppola Awanted her film to be popular Bchanged the characters names in the film
27、Cwanted the characters to become more famous Dcared very much about peoples view of the film【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“I changed the names of the characters”可知。【答案】B 3 The characters in The Bling Ring steal from the rich or famous because Athey hate the rich or famous Bthey want to be famous on Facebook Cthe
28、y want to pretend to be rich or famous Dthey want to help the poor with the money【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“who stole luxury goods(奢侈品)from the houses of the rich and famous in order to copy their lifestyles”及“They wanted to pretend for two hours that they were Paris Hilton and to live that lifestyle for real
29、.”可知，这些年轻人偷富人或名人的物品是因为他们想体验一下他们的生活方式。【答案】C-9-4The purpose of the text is to Atell a true story Bdiscuss a new film Ccompare two films Dintroduce a film star【解析】写作目的题。文章介绍了电影 The Bling Ring 的主演、剧情等。【答案】B B If you have been stared at，laughed at on the street and called“the ugliest person in the world”
30、，what are you going to do？Lizzie Velasquez,from Austin,Texas,was born without adipose tissue(脂肪组织)，which means that she has no body fat.Although she eats up to 60 small meals a day，this 23yearold girl remains only 27 kilograms or so.Lizzie knows well the feeling of being bulliedOne of her eyes has b
31、ecome blind，and her appearance can be surprising at first sight.People often stare,make rude comments or send unkind emails.Now she has the courage to speak out.She is honest about the pain it causes her,though she refuses to let anything stop her.In the video she made in 2010,she says：Im going to b
32、e honest.It was really hard for me to look in the mirror and accept who I was.I know youve heard time and time again people saying，“Be proud of who you are.Be yourself.”But youre probably thinking,“Why am I going to be myself if Im just going to be made fun of？”I know the feeling of being called“the
33、 ugliest woman in the world”，but now I learn to accept that and try to show people how beautiful I am inside.In her book Be Beautiful,Be You Lizzie shares advice on being unique,how to make and keep good friends and how to find out the beauty inside of someone.Lizzie has now written a second book ab
34、out her struggle to be accepted.She is surely a woman on the rise.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了先天脂肪组织缺失的 Lizzie Velasquez 如何乐观正视自己的外表并写书帮助他人的故事。5What do we know about Lizzie Velasquez?-10-AHer appearance has made her proud.BShe eats so little that she is very thin.CHer weight does not agree with her age.DShe
35、 was born with one of her eyes blind.【解析】细节理解题。由第一段中的最后一句“Although she eats up to 60 small meals.only 27 kilograms or so”可知，她的体重和其年龄并不相符。【答案】C 6 The underlined word“bullied”in Paragraph 2 can be best replaced by“”Ahurt Bpraised Cpunished Dmisunderstood【解析】词义猜测题。由第二段中的“People often stare，make rude co
36、mments or send unkind emails”可知，人们常常盯着 Lizzie 看，说些难听的话或是给她发一些不友善的电子邮件，这些行为深深地伤害了她。【答案】A 7What Lizzie Velasquez says in her video shows that Ashe is beautiful both inside and outside Bshe begins to know how to face reality Cshe used to lie to her friends Dshe is proud of who she is【解析】细节理解题。由第三段中最后的“
37、now I learn to accept that and try to show people how beautiful I am inside”可知，Lizzie 学会了面对现实并开始向人们展示自己内在的美。【答案】B 8Why does Lizzie Velasquez write books?ATo make a lot of money.BTo avoid being laughed at.CTo help more people like her.DTo become a famous writer.【解析】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Lizzie shares advice.
38、inside of-11-someone”等信息可知，她写书的目的是为了帮助更多像她一样的人。【答案】C.语法填空 Yesterday was my 18th birthday.As Father and Mother thought it was a big occasion for me,they suggested I 1.(hold)a birthday party at home to celebrate it.For several days they had been busy 2.(prepare)for this.By 4 oclock I was pleased to se
39、e all my friends had come 3.a lot of beautiful presents.Mother cooked us a big meal.We 4.(spend)a wonderful night together，eating and talking 5.(happy)The most exciting moment was when Mother put a big birthday cake on the table and all my friends began to sing Happy Birthday.Seeing the 18 candles b
40、urning，I couldnt keep back my tears.Without Mother and Father s love,I 6.(not lead)such a happy life now.Mother asked me to make a wish 7.I blew out all the candles.After that,everyone enjoyed the sweet birthday cake and shared my happiness.I am eighteen years old now,8.means Ive become an adult and
41、 have more 9.(responsibility)Ill do 10.(me)best to return my parents love and live up to their expectations.【答 案】1.(should)hold 2.preparing 3.with 4.spent 5.happily6.wouldnt lead/wouldnt be leading7.before8.which9.responsibilities10.my.短文改错 【导学号：38300046】Next year I will go to university and becomin
42、g a college student，and I have never been away from my parents.I dont know what to adapt myself to my university life.I hear many freshmen are at a loss what to do when we are at university.They cant take care of themselves in their everyday life，feel lonely and homesick.Clothes，money or mobile phon
43、e are sometimes gone.And because of different climates and the food，they often feel sick.Some even rented rooms outside the campus，but I dont think its so safely.Could you tell me how to deal with these problems so that I will be able to get used the university life in the future?【答案】Next year I wil
44、l go to university and becomingbecome a college student，and,but I have-12-never been away from my parents.I dont know whathow to adapt myself to my university life.I hear many freshmen are at a loss what to do when wethey are at university.They cant take care of themselves in their everyday life，and
45、/feelfeeling lonely and homesick.Clothes，money or mobile phonephones are sometimes gone.And because of different climates and food，they often feel sick.Some even rentedrent rooms outside the campus，but I dont think its so safelysafe.Could you tell me how to deal with these problems so that I will be able to get used to the university life in the future?