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1、关于虚拟语气的四种形式及三点注意第1页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三 虚拟语气，作为日常交际应用中常常会出现的一种语虚拟语气，作为日常交际应用中常常会出现的一种语言现象，一直是考题几乎年年都要考到的一个热点。但对于言现象，一直是考题几乎年年都要考到的一个热点。但对于中国学生来说，它又是一个难点。无怪乎许多学生学完虚拟中国学生来说，它又是一个难点。无怪乎许多学生学完虚拟语气后，常常会叹道：语气后，常常会叹道：If there were no subjunctive mood,English _ much easier.A.will be B.would have been C.could have
2、 been D.would be 第2页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三一、掌握虚拟语气的主要形式一、掌握虚拟语气的主要形式（1 1）三种基本形态）三种基本形态）三种基本形态）三种基本形态:if:if条件从句条件从句条件从句条件从句+主句主句主句主句（2 2）几个常用虚拟语气的句型）几个常用虚拟语气的句型）几个常用虚拟语气的句型）几个常用虚拟语气的句型（3 3）wish,as if wish,as if 及及if only 的虚拟形式的虚拟形式（4）It is time that 的虚拟形式的虚拟形式的虚拟形式的虚拟形式二、注意虚拟语气的三种活用现象二、注意虚拟语气的三种活用现象（1 1 1 1）
3、含蓄条件句）含蓄条件句）含蓄条件句）含蓄条件句（2 2）时间错综句）时间错综句（3 3 3 3）虚实错综句）虚实错综句）虚实错综句）虚实错综句第3页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三时间时间谓语动词的虚拟形式谓语动词的虚拟形式if从句谓语形式从句谓语形式主句谓语形式主句谓语形式现在现在动词过去式动词过去式动词过去式动词过去式（be be 多用多用多用多用werewere）would/should/could/would/should/could/might+might+动词原形动词原形动词原形动词原形 过去过去had+had+过去分词过去分词过去分词过去分词would/should/could/wo
4、uld/should/could/might+have+might+have+过去分词过去分词过去分词过去分词将来将来动词过去式或动词过去式或动词过去式或动词过去式或 should/should/were to+were to+动词原形动词原形动词原形动词原形would/should/could/would/should/could/might+might+动词原形动词原形动词原形动词原形第4页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三1.1.The rice _ if you had been more careful.The rice _ if you had been more careful.A.w
5、ould not be burning A.would not be burning B.would not burnB.would not burn C.would not have burnt C.would not have burnt D.would not burntD.would not burnt2.If my lawyer _ here last Saturday,he _ me from going.2.If my lawyer _ here last Saturday,he _ me from going.A.had been;would have prevented A.
6、had been;would have prevented B.had been;would prevent B.had been;would prevent C.were;would prevent C.were;would prevent D.were;would have prevented D.were;would have prevented3.I didnt see your sister at the meeting.If she _ she would have met 3.I didnt see your sister at the meeting.If she _ she
7、would have met my brother.my brother.A.has come B.did come A.has come B.did come C.came D.had comeC.came D.had come4._ 4._ for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.A.If it is not A.If it is not B.Were it not B.W
8、ere it not C.Had it not been C.Had it not been D.If they have notD.If they have not5.You didnt let me drive.If we _ in turn,you _ so tired.5.You didnt let me drive.If we _ in turn,you _ so tired.A.drove;didnt get B.drove;wouldnt get A.drove;didnt get B.drove;wouldnt get C.were driving;wouldnt get D.
9、had driven;wouldnt have got C.were driving;wouldnt get D.had driven;wouldnt have got第5页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三6.6.If she had worked harder,she _.If she had worked harder,she _.A.would succeed A.would succeed B.had succeeded B.had succeeded C.should succeed C.should succeed D.would have succeedD.would have su
10、cceed7.If he _,he _ that food.7.If he _,he _ that food.Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A.was warned;would not take A.was warned;would not take B.had been warned;would not have taken B.had been warned;would not have taken C.would be warn
11、ed;had not taken C.would be warned;had not taken D.would have been warned;had not taken D.would have been warned;had not taken8.8.If it _ tomorrow,they would not go there by bike.If it _ tomorrow,they would not go there by bike.A.will rain B.rains A.will rain B.rains C.would rain D.should rainC.woul
12、d rain D.should rain9._ it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu 9._ it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.Bridge.A.Were B.Should A.Were B.Should C.Would D.WillC.Would D.Will10.If I _ you,I would not do it.10.If I _ you,I would not do it.A.
13、am B.were A.am B.were C.shall be D.beingC.shall be D.being第6页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三1.1.SuggestSuggest等动词等动词等动词等动词+宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句 一个坚持：一个坚持：insist;两个命令：两个命令：order,command;三个建议：三个建议：suggest,propose,advise;四个要求：四个要求：desire,demand,ask,require I propose that we(should)set a dead line for handing in the plans.I
14、 suggest that we(should)set off at once.I insisted that we(should)decide what to do with him.虚拟语气形式：虚拟语气形式：虚拟语气形式：虚拟语气形式：(should)+should)+动词原形动词原形动词原形动词原形2.2.It is(was)+It is(was)+上述动词的过去分词上述动词的过去分词上述动词的过去分词上述动词的过去分词+that that 主语从句主语从句主语从句主语从句 It is demanded that he(should)leave at once.It is demand
15、ed that he(should)leave at once.It is requested that she(should)give a performance at the party.It is requested that she(should)give a performance at the party.3.以上动词演变而成的名词以上动词演变而成的名词以上动词演变而成的名词以上动词演变而成的名词以以及一些抽象名词及一些抽象名词及一些抽象名词及一些抽象名词+is that+is that His suggestion is that we(should)climb all the
16、top of the His suggestion is that we(should)climb all the top of the mountain.mountain.第7页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三suggestion/order suggestion/order 等等等等+be+be+表语从句表语从句 My advice is that we(should)send for a doctor.My advice is that we(should)send for a doctor.Our suggestion is that you(should)be first to go.O
17、ur suggestion is that you(should)be first to go.His only request is that you(should)give him more time.His only request is that you(should)give him more time.suggestion/order 等等等等+同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句 Do you know the order that you(should)keep watch?上述结构中常用的名词有：上述结构中常用的名词有：上述结构中常用的名词有：上述结构中常用的名词有：su
18、ggestion,order,proposal,plan,idea,command,request等。等。等。等。虚拟语气形式：虚拟语气形式：虚拟语气形式：虚拟语气形式：(should)+should)+动词原形动词原形动词原形动词原形第8页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三4.It is(was)+important/necessary/better/strange/surprising/natural/possible/a pity/no wonder+that 主语从句主语从句 It is best that he(should)set off at once.It is important
19、that everybody(should)be told all the facts.虚拟语气形式：虚拟语气形式：虚拟语气形式：虚拟语气形式：(should)+should)+动词原形动词原形动词原形动词原形第9页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三1.1.I insist that a doctor _ immediately.I insist that a doctor _ immediately.A.has been sent for B.sends for A.has been sent for B.sends for C.will be sent for D.be sent for C.w
20、ill be sent for D.be sent for2.It is suggested that the job _ done in another way.A.was B.was to be C.be D.must be A.was B.was to be C.be D.must be3.He had an idea that we _ by bike.A.shall go B.go C.went D.would go A.shall go B.go C.went D.would go4.My suggestion is that the meeting _ off till tomo
21、rrow.4.My suggestion is that the meeting _ off till tomorrow.A.to put B.be put C.should put D.be putting A.to put B.be put C.should put D.be putting第10页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三5.5.The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free.free.A.did;set B.ha
22、d done;should be set A.did;set B.had done;should be set C.do;be set D.does;would be set C.do;be set D.does;would be set6.It is necessary that you _ present at the discussion.6.It is necessary that you _ present at the discussion.A.will be B.are C.should be D.would be A.will be B.are C.should be D.wo
23、uld be7.The boss gave orders that the work _ at once.7.The boss gave orders that the work _ at once.A.will be started B.must be started A.will be started B.must be started C.be started D.should start C.be started D.should start8.The guard there insisted that everybody _ the rules.8.The guard there i
24、nsisted that everybody _ the rules.A.obeys A.obeys B.obey B.obey C.will obey D.would obey第11页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三 wish,as if 以及以及以及以及 if only if only 的虚拟形式：的虚拟形式：的虚拟形式：的虚拟形式：这几个词（词组）表虚拟时，其后所用的虚拟形式与条件从这几个词（词组）表虚拟时，其后所用的虚拟形式与条件从这几个词（词组）表虚拟时，其后所用的虚拟形式与条件从这几个词（词组）表虚拟时，其后所用的虚拟形式与条件从句基本相同，即此陈述语气中的时态后退一个时态。句基本相同
25、，即此陈述语气中的时态后退一个时态。句基本相同，即此陈述语气中的时态后退一个时态。句基本相同，即此陈述语气中的时态后退一个时态。随随“时时”变化的几种用法：变化的几种用法：时间时间谓语动词虚拟语气谓语动词虚拟语气wish/as if/wish/as if/as though/if as though/if only/would only/would ratherrather现在现在动词过去式（动词过去式（动词过去式（动词过去式（be be 多用多用多用多用werewere）过去过去had+had+过去分词或过去分词或过去分词或过去分词或could+have+could+have+过去分词过去分
26、词过去分词过去分词将来将来would+动词原形动词原形第12页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三1.1.I wish I _ you yesterday.I wish I _ you yesterday.A.seen B.did see A.seen B.did see C.had seen D.were to seeC.had seen D.were to see2.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.2.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it look
27、s as if it _.A.breaks A.breaks B.has broken B.has broken C.were broken C.were broken D.had been brokenD.had been broken3.Id rather that you _ there yesterday and _ again next weekend.3.Id rather that you _ there yesterday and _ again next weekend.A.went;should come A.went;should come B.should go;had
28、 comeB.should go;had come C.had gone;came C.had gone;came D.go;comeD.go;come4.4.The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years.The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years.A.should be B.would be A.should be B.would be C.have been D.had beenC.have been D.had been5.I blamed her yes
29、terday.5.I blamed her yesterday.I would rather you _ that.I would rather you _ that.A.didnt do B.hadnt done A.didnt do B.hadnt done C.wouldnt do D.shouldnt doC.wouldnt do D.shouldnt do6.He is a very brave man.6.He is a very brave man.Yes.I wish I _ his courage.Yes.I wish I _ his courage.A.have A.hav
30、e B.had B.had C.will have D.would haveC.will have D.would have第13页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三 It is time that 的虚拟形式的虚拟形式 It is time thatIt is time that It is high time that It is high time that It is about time that It is about time that谓语动词的虚拟形式为：谓语动词的虚拟形式为：动词过去式动词过去式(be 多为多为were)It is time 还可以有其他句型形式，需注意辨析：还可以
31、有其他句型形式，需注意辨析：It is time(for sb.)to do sth.It is time(for sb.)to do sth.It is time for sth./doing sth.It is time for sth./doing sth.It is the first time that(从句用陈述语气的现在完成时从句用陈述语气的现在完成时从句用陈述语气的现在完成时从句用陈述语气的现在完成时)第14页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三1.1.It is high time you _ the bus.It is high time you _ the bus.A.had c
32、aught B.caught C.will catch D.catch2.Its about time he _ to do the work.2.Its about time he _ to do the work.A.begins A.begins B.will begin B.will begin C.begin D.began3.Its high time that we _ to school.3.Its high time that we _ to school.A.would go B.went C.go C.go D.will goD.will go4.It is time w
33、e _ up our results.4.It is time we _ up our results.A.sum B.summed C.will sum C.will sum D.would sumD.would sum第15页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三（一）、含蓄条件句（一）、含蓄条件句（一）、含蓄条件句（一）、含蓄条件句 含蓄条件句就是虚拟条件暗含在短语或上下文中，从句不表现含蓄条件句就是虚拟条件暗含在短语或上下文中，从句不表现含蓄条件句就是虚拟条件暗含在短语或上下文中，从句不表现含蓄条件句就是虚拟条件暗含在短语或上下文中，从句不表现出来。这时，必须根据句中表述的意义以及某些特定的信息
34、词，并出来。这时，必须根据句中表述的意义以及某些特定的信息词，并出来。这时，必须根据句中表述的意义以及某些特定的信息词，并出来。这时，必须根据句中表述的意义以及某些特定的信息词，并依据前文所列举的四种现象，来判断此时须采用的形式。依据前文所列举的四种现象，来判断此时须采用的形式。依据前文所列举的四种现象，来判断此时须采用的形式。依据前文所列举的四种现象，来判断此时须采用的形式。1.Without electricity,human life _ quite different today.1.Without electricity,human life _ quite different to
35、day.A.is B.will be C.would have been D.would be A.is B.will be C.would have been D.would be 2.Yesterday Jane walked away from the discussion.Otherwise,Yesterday Jane walked away from the discussion.Otherwise,she _ something she would regret later.she _ something she would regret later.A.had said B.s
36、aid C.might say D.might have said A.had said B.said C.might say D.might have said Without electricity=If there were no electricity第16页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三（二）、时间错综句（二）、时间错综句 从句与主句或上下文所表述的时间不一致。在这种情况从句与主句或上下文所表述的时间不一致。在这种情况下，我们切不可照搬某种形式，而应该按照句中所表述的时下，我们切不可照搬某种形式，而应该按照句中所表述的时间关系，再选择相应的虚拟形式。例如：间关系，再选择相应的虚拟形式。
37、例如：If you had worked hard yesterday,you would be tired now.1.If the flower had been watered,it _ now.1.If the flower had been watered,it _ now.A.wouldnt die B.is dead A.wouldnt die B.is dead C.had been dead D.will not die C.had been dead D.will not die2.If his television set had not been stolen yesterday,he _ TV 2.If his television set had not been stolen yesterday,he _ TV now.now.A.would watch B.would have watched A.would watch B.would have watched C.would be watching D.is watching C.would be watching D.is watching第17页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第18页，讲稿共18张，创作于星期三