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1、-小升初英语总复习-第 14 页小升初英语总复习I.字母部分I).英文字母顺序表 A a,B b,C c,D d,E e,F f,G g,H h,I i,J j,K k,L l,M m, N n,O o,P p,Q q,R r,S s,T t,U u,V v,W w,X x,Y y,Z z II).字母归类 从读音上看,英文字母可以分为元音和辅音字母,A a, E e, I i O o, U u 为5个元音字母,Y y, 为半元音字母,其他的都是辅音字母.III).字母书写格式 I,大写字母都一样高,不顶第一线.II 1)小写字母(a,c, e,m,n,o,r,s,u,v,w,x,z)写在中间
2、格,上下都不出格. 2)小写字母(b,d,h,k,l)上顶第一线,占上,中格 3)小写字母(g,q,y)的下端抵第四线II语音部分 与字母发音相同的单词 B bee C sea see G gee I I eye P pea Q quene R are T tea U you Y why 英语中有48个语音因素,其中: 20元音因素： 28个辅音因素：III. 词汇部分 人物(people)family.grangfather(grangpa)grandmother(grangma)parents=father(dad)+mother(mum) uncle aunt brother siste
3、r cousin son daughter baby kid boy girl man woman mr miss lady classmate pen pal friend neighbour relative robot tourist visitor 职业(jobs)Teacher pupil studen nurse policeman Sodier poet postman driver fireman hunter butcher hawer人体(body)Head hair eye nose ear mouth tooth neck arm hand finger knee le
4、g foot动物(animals)Cow pig duck hen mouse bird lion monkey dog frog cat猫 rabbit puppy wolf bull pet elephant tiger seagull ladybird学习用品(shool things)Bag schoolbag book English book chinese book pen pencil pencil-box sharpener ruler eraser glue dictionary数词(num)基数词(1-20):Zero one two three four five si
5、x seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirtten fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty序数词(第一到第二十):first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth nineth tenth eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth twentieth食物饮料（foods and
6、drinks）Meal breakfast lunch suuper picnic rice rice-dumpling noodle cold drink soup water pepper jam salt sugar lollipop tea sweet egg eggyolk jelly nut chocolate ice-cream milk cake mooncake biscuit bread meat beaf fish pork mutton水果蔬菜（ fruit and vegetable）Apple pine-apple banana orange mango lemon
7、 carro grape气象（weather）Warm cool rain wind hot cold windy cloudy snowy sunny forecast颜色（colours）Red pink blue yellow white orange grey brown衣服（clother）Hat scalf jumper coat shirt T-shirtT raincoat glaves belt trousers dress swimming suit socks stocking 交通工具（vehicles）bick bicycle boat car bus ship su
8、bway plan train taxi 课程（courses）English chinese math music science 月份（months） （1月-12月）January February March A-pil May June July August September October November December季节（seasons）Spring summer autumn winter星期（week）(周一至周日) Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday weekday weekend节日（
9、Festival）Spring Festival The Dragon Boat Festival National Day Chidrens Day Christmas房屋家具（house）Door bed table chair wardrobe teapot bench seat sofa stair roof light lamp chimney slide cupboard scissors自然（nature）Bridge lake sky road sand stone land earth运动（sports）Metre race football basketball hot d
10、ance skip swimming swing lion dance dragon danc roller-blanding国家（countries）China Canada India France America English Australia地点（locations）School classroom class bookestore shopping centre market cafe cinemal shop pet shop post office bank railway station zoom space museum home garden kitchen room
11、bedroom living room flat city village storeroom名词（noun）Name flag hobby sticker sticker story album photo timetable plan reunion fire-cracker top cion dollar pound yuan camp television bamboo paiting present film hole field horn idea medicine phone age picture number cover mark librarian notice sum y
12、esterday today tomorrow corner matter outing red packet ticket holiday piano pie homework housework paint purse 动词（verb） Jump run throw fly meet know touch raise take can see need learn keep sell drop catch will wont stay hate rub kill scold visit open carry pick hide reply wait finish help hit enjo
13、y ask steal search pull paste break flod wink burn comb turn sign iron collect hold brush write bake sweep cook walk go come climb give mess guess borrow forget feel have like fit remember arrive shout wave cry bark miss understand talk shappen动词词组（verb phrases）Pick up put down wake up good at fall
14、over try to never mind look for hand in on foot get up go to bed Gests do not go in No mobile phone No talking No fishing No picking of flowers No spitting No parking形容词（adj）Nice good big beautiful fine well kind old happy angry sad shy hungry lovely long short thin thick cheap dear hard soft dirty
15、sick naughty strange late magic lonely weak worried little heavy light louder smaller bigger pleased foolish exicited huge dangerous clever diffcult straight enough useful interteting interested similar same more less fewer different better other boring famous ugly empty busy strong left right wrong
16、疑问词What who when where how why 方位介词 at in on in front of behind outside inside near beside under aboveIV.要求写词A名词单数变复数(规则变化)a.一般情况下,在词尾加- s. apple-apples,cake-cakes map-maps b.以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的词,尾加-es.box-boxes,glass-glasses,brush-brushes,c.辅音字母加-y结尾的词,先变y为i,再加-es family-families,baby-babiesd.元音字母加-y
17、结尾的词,直接加-s boy-boys, day-days, key-keys（不规则变化）e.特殊变化：foot-feet man-men woman-women mouse-mice tooth-teethf.单,复数不变:chinese-chinese japanese-japanese deer-deer sheep-sheep fish-fish B.动词的第三人称单数,现在分词,过去式的变化a. 第三人称单数形式:a).一般情况下，在动词原形后加-s. work-works, run-runs,like-likesb).以-o,-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的动词,加-es.tea
18、ch-teachesc). 辅音字母加-y结尾的动词, 先变y为i,再加-es.try-tries,study-studiesd). 以元音字母加-y结尾的动词,直接在后边加-s.stay-stays.play-playsb现在分词a). 在动词原形后加-ing. catch-catching do-doing go-goingb).以不发音e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加-ing.write-writing,have-having,give-giving bite-biting come-comingc).以重读闭音节结尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写这个辅音字母后,再加-ing.swim-swimm
19、ing,run-running,put-putting sit-sittingd)少数以ie结尾的动词,先变ie为y,再加ing.die-dying,lie-lyingc词过去式(规则)a). 在动词原形后加-ed work-workedb).辅音字母加-y结尾的动词, 先变y为i,再加-ed. .try-tried,study-studiedc). 以重读闭音节结尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写这个辅音字母后,再加-ed stop-stopped,plan-planned(不规则的动词过去式)Put-put go-went get-got come-came run-ran give-gave k
20、eep-kept eat-ate shoot-shot bring-brought can-could sit-sat meet-met say-said read-read have-had do-did see-saw take-tooke make-made sing-sang buy-bought hold-held fell-felt fall-fell ride-rode fly-flew C.同音异形词归纳 Two-to-too their-there know-no right-write pair-pear sun-son dear-deer four-for hair-ha
21、re wear-where week-weakD.缩略词归纳 a. 系动词，助动词与副词的缩写； is not=isnt are not=arent have not=havent has not=hasnt do not=do not does not=doesnt can not=cant will not=wont b. 代词与系动词,助动词的缩写 I am=Im we are=were you are=youre they are=theyre he is/he has=hes she is/she has=shes that is=thats it is=its you have=y
22、ouvec.疑问词语系动词的缩写 who is=whos what is=whats when is=whens how is=hows where is=wheresE.反义词（对应词）归纳 a,名词（noun） Day-night boy-girl man-woman mr-mrs b.动词（verb） remember- forget take-bring go-come cry-laught open-close sell-buy borrow-return start-stop leave-stay love-hate sit-stand ask-answer learn-teach
23、 pull-push find-lost c.副词（advb） yes-no here-there always-never d.（ prep）in-out up-down at first-at laste. 形容词（adj）more-less same-different left-rightwrong beautiful-ugly long-short-tall thin-thick cheap-dear hard-soft weak-strong good-bad.heavy-light.smaller-big.clever-stupid better-wose dangerous-s
24、aft interteting-boring early-late quiet-noisy new-old far-near east-west clean-dirty hot-cold this-that these-those quick-slow glad-sad fast-slow easy-diffcult warm-cool bright-dark new-old-young white-black F.形容词，副词的比较级，最高级的构成a.（有规则构成） a), 一般情况在词尾加-er或-est tall-taller-tallest b). 结尾是-e的词，只加-r或-st l
25、ate-later-latest c). 重读闭音节词结尾只有一个辅音字母的先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er或-est big-bigger-biggest fat-fatter-fattest d). 辅音字母加-y结尾的双音节词, 先变y为i,再加-er或est early-earlier-earliest e).在多音节词前面加more或most ,这些词有： interesting careful important beautiful carefully quicklyb.（不规则变化） good/well-better-best.bad/ill-worse-worst many/mu
26、ch-more-most little-less-least far-farther-farthestG.形容词变副词 一般情况下，在形容词后面+lyH代词之间的变换（主格）（宾格） （主格）（宾格） I me weus YouyouyouyouHehimSheherIt ittheythem（物主）（名词性） （物主）（名词性）mymine our ours youryours your yours hishis her hers its its their theirsV.对画线部分提问:(画线的部分是什么成分就对什么提对人物提问用;who对地点提问用;where 对事物名称提问用；wha
27、t时间提问用;when/what time对星期提问用;what day 对日期提问用;whats the date对颜色提问用;what colour对年级提问用;what grade 对班级提问用;what class对职业提问用;what do(does)sb do? 对原因提问用:why对（交通）方式提问用;how对数量提问用;how many（可数名词）how much(不可数名词)对价格提问用;how much对年龄提问用;how old对重量提问用;how heavy对高度提问用;how tall V.句形转换 A.陈述句转换成否定句: a.如果陈述句中谓语动词是Be动词(am.
28、is.are.was.were),或谓语动词含助动词(do. does.did)情态动词(can,could.may. must),只在它们后加not即可 b.如果have 在句子中是助动词,没有任何意思时,直接在它后面加not即可.当它作“吃,喝,有”时, 在该谓语动词前加 dont.doesnt或 didnt来构成否定式 c.如果陈述句句中谓语动词是实义动词,而其中又没有情态动词或助动词时,在该谓语动词前加 dont.doesnt或 didnt来构成否定式B.陈述句转换成疑问句 a. 如果陈述句中谓语动词含有“移动词” (be动词,助动词,或情态动词).可用此法: 一调:将句中的“可移动词
29、”调到句首,二改:将调出来的动词的首字母改为大写,原来句首动词的大写改为小写(除规定的以外)三问号:即在句末句号改为问号. b. 如果陈述句中谓语动词没有“可移动词”,则采用:一加:在句首加Do, Does. Did二改: 将原句中的大写改为小写(除规定的以外),谓语动词还原三问号. 即在句末句号改为问号VII时态转换A一般现在时； 概念；表示经常发生的动作句式结构：主语+动词原形+其他成分 主语（第三人称单数）+动词第三人称单数+其他成分用法：它常与下列副词或时间状语连用：always,often,usually,everyday,B, 现在进行时 概念；表示现在正在发生的动作句式结构：主语
30、+动词Be+现在分词（-ing形式）+其他成分用法：助动词Be应随人称的变化而变化。I am ,you are he/she/it is we/they are. 现在进行时常与时间状语now,a monent 连用C. 过去进行时概念；表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态句式结构：主语+过去分词（-ed形式）+其他成分用法：常与时间状语tomorrow. This morning. last week/month/year.just now连用D.一般将来时概念；表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态句式结构：主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他成分用法：will,shall和be going to 都表示将来时。一般与将来时连用的时间状语有 in the future, tomorrow,next week/year,