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1、-八年级英语听力解题技巧.doc.-第 6 页八年级听力部分解题技巧一、如何提高听力理解能力和做好听力题？1.学会预测预测是在做听力理解之前根据各种暗示,如所给答案选项,段落或对话标题等已有知识，对即将听到的段落或对话内容进行预测。(1)从答案选项中预测Q: What does Tom do?A. Hes a truck driver. B. Hes a ship captain. C. Hes a pilot.录音原文：W：Tom flew to Anchorage last night，then took some passengers from there to Dollars .M:
2、Yeah, but he couldnt land because the airport in Dollars was snowed in.从选项看，问题应是关于职业方面的，再从flew，passengers，airport这些信息词中可知道Tom的职业。(2)从说话人口气预测在A，B两人的对话中，如果B是附和或赞成，往往说“Yes”，“I agree”，“Sure”，“I think so”等。但如A用否定句，B表同意时则用“No”，“Neither / Nor”等。2.做简要笔记听录音时快速，准确，简要地记下有关信息(包括数字，人名，地名，关键词)，前提是不要影响跟听速度，采用自己习惯的
3、符号。例：How much will the man pay for the tickets？ A.$18 B. $24 C. $30原文：W：Tickets for the movie are $ 6 for adults, half price for children. M: All right, Id like three tickets for adults and two tickets for children, please. 笔记可简化为：$ 6 A (代表adult)，C，3A+2C 或6 A(3)+ half Chil(2)3.听清数据，简要记下，加以运算。在获取时间信息
4、时，不要误把会话中提到的时间简单确定为问题的答案。听力考查时间时往往要进行简单的时间换算。At what time does the train to Leeds leave?A. 3:00 B. 3:15 C. 5:00录音原文：W：Excuse me，could you tell me when the next train to Manchester is？M：Sure. Well，its 3 now. The next train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours, but you can take the train to Leeds which lea
5、ves in 15 minutes, and then get off at Manchester on the way. 对话中提到了三个时间Its 3 now, in 2 hours , in 15 minutes.现在是3点，开往Manchester的火车要两小时后才开，即The train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours。若简单机械地把3点和2点相加，会得出火车5点才开的错误选项C。数字类问题分两种：辨别类和计算类(1)要注意区分-teen和-ty及four和five的发音；辨别多位数，如电话号码，门牌等(2) 计算时间，钱款，距离，年龄,人或物的数量等
6、；听出数字间的关系，更要听清问题，因为对运算方法的要求通常寓于问题中；注意more，less，as much(many)as，another，double, to，past，quarter；记住时间是60进制如出现几个数字，应注意鉴别问的是那一个。例：At what time does the office open ? A.At 8:15 B. At 8: 30 C. At 7:45听力原文：M：I wonder why the office is still not open. W: But its not yet eight. In fact, its only a quarter to
7、 eight.常见的数字类型的表达：(1) 关于年份的读法有下列几种情形：a. 一般情况下,将表示年份的四个数字按前后分为两组,每一组的数字都按基数词来读.例如：1865年读作 eighteen sixty-five 1998年读作 nineteen ninety-eightb. 如果前两个数字为非“零”数字,后两位数分别为“零”,则先读出前两位数,然后将后面的两个“零”读为 hundred.例如：1900年读作 nineteen hundred 1800年读作 eighteen hundredc. 第三个数字为“零”（其他数字不是“零”）的年份的读法应当将该“零”读为Ou.例如： 1809年
8、读作 eighteen O nined. 关于千年的一些读法. 2000年读作 two thousand 2008年读作 two thousand and eight 2015年读作 two thousand and fifteen (或者twenty fifteen)(2) 日期的表达法1988年5月1日 写作：May 1st, 1988 读作: 也可写作1st May, 1988 读作: 一月（Jan.） 二月（Feb.） 三月(Mar.) 四月(Apr.) 五月(May) 六月(Jun.) 七月(Jul.) 八月(Aug.) 九月(Sep.) 十月(Oct.) 十一月（Nov.） 十二月
9、(Dec.) 1st. =first 2nd=second 3rd= third 4th=fourth 5th=fifth 6th.=sixth 7th=seventh 8th= eighth 9th=ninth 10th=tenth 21st 22nd 23rd 24th 25th .31st(3) 钟点时间的读法： 7:00读作 8:15读作9:30读作 10:03读作9:45读作 10:55 读作 半小时 half an hour 一个半小时 one hour and a half(4) 电话号码的读法读电话号码时，每个数字一一读出，“o”英式读ou；美式则读zero。英国人在读两个相同
10、数字时，通常读成double，例如：3456638读作：threefourfive，doublesixthreeeight3074922读作：threeohseven，fourninedoubletwo而美式则读成：threezeroseven，fourninetwotwo (5) 门牌号 门牌号遇三位数分别读出各数字，遇四位数时则分成两半来读。例如： Room 302读作：Room three Oh twothree zero two3491 King Street读作：thirty-four ninety-one King Street4.抓住关键，对症下药听力考试常出现以Where提问的
11、问句，考生要通过对话的具体情节和背景判断对话发生的地点。一般来说，特定场景的用语和关键词是基本固定的，考生要对此多了解，熟悉明白。在遇到Where does the conversation take place？/ Where does sb. work？/ Whats his job？之类的问题时，就会派上用场。如：restaurant： menu，bill，order，tip，hamburger，beer，souphotel： luggage，single room，double room，room number，check in(out)hospital： take medicine，
12、temperature，pill，headache，fever, examinepost office： mail，deliver，stamp，envelope，parcelairport： flight，take off，land，luggagerailway station： round trip，single trip，sleeping carstore： on sale，size，wear，color，style, price，change , bargain，fitschool： professor，exam，course，term, dining hall，playgroundli
13、brary： librarian，renew，date，shelf, magazine, seat对于简短对话，要根据问题的类型，从第二个讲话者的答语中来捕捉关键词如：Whats the man going to do? A. Run to the airport. B. Wait for another bus. C. Hurry to get the next bus.根据选项看，对话似乎与bus有关，主要信息捕捉范围是在“Hurry”或“Run”和“Wait”之间。听音范围明显缩小。录音原文 M：Excuse me，can you tell me when the next bus le
14、ave for the airport？W：It leaves in three minutes. If you run, you might catch it.关键词“run”和“catch”正好对上答案C的“Hurry”和“get”。5.果断选题，学会放弃相信第一感觉，当机立断，决不能反反复复，甚至影响后面的答题切记不可因某个小题未听懂而患得患失，不可因一题失多题，造成一步跟不上，步步踏空的结果。注意做题方法。在做听力题时，一定要做到听前先把听力试卷全部看一遍，尤其是听对话和听短文这两种类型，以大概掌握主题内容，缩小听力范围；听第一遍时，不要急于做答，应仔细把全文听完，尽可能弄明白文章在讲
15、什么；听第二遍的过程中，可以适当地做一些记录，如：时间、地点、数字、人物、天气等等，同时把可能正确的答案做上记号，检验核对。 总之，听力部分的解题技巧可以总结如下：1、考生心理素质尤为重要，要有自信心，沉着冷静，静心收听，注意力要集中。2、 在做题前一定要快速浏览一遍题目和选项，以便听时有所侧重；3、将没听清楚的词或句子放过去，不要影响了下一道题；4、在测试过程中要有积极、主动、有意识、有选择的去听；5、平时加强训练。二、听力题型及解答技巧初中英语听力测试一般考查考生对日期、天气、人物、特征、地点、图表以及具体事件的整体理解和反应能力。主要题型有：听音辨词，听句子选择图画，听句子选择答语，句子
16、理解，对话理解、短文理解、听音填词等。（1）听音辨词：这类试题主要是通过听单词或句子对近音词、同音词或近义词进行考查。这要求考生一定要听清楚发音相近或易混淆的音素，如：sheep与ship，house与horse，除听清楚发音外，还得听懂句意，根据句意来选择符合句意的同音词。如： The earth goes around the _. (c) a、son b、some c、sun My English teacher has a little _. (a) a、son b、some c、sun（2）听句子选择图画：做这类试题，要求考生首先将给出的图画看清楚，了解图画的大致意思，这样在听句子时
17、才不至于手足无措。另外在听句子时，尤其要注意其中的名词和动词。（3）听句子选择答语：这类试题主要考查考生运用英语进行交际的能力，通过听句子和对句子的理解，从所给的选项中选择出适当的答语。如：whats the date today？ (a) a、march 12 b、Monday c、9:00在平时的学习中要多留意常用的交际用语，这对做好这类试题很有帮助。（4）句子理解：这类试题主要是考查考生对句子的理解程度，要求考生从所给出的答案中选出与所听句子意思相同或相近的选项。在做这类试题时要求考生一定要注意所给句子中表示动作、时间的词语。（5）对话理解：这类试题主要有三种类型：一是听对话和问题选择适
18、当的答案；二是听对话和问题选择适当的图画；三是根据所听到的对话内容用适当的词语完成句子。它考查考生对对话内容和情景的理解。同学们在做这类试题时一定要先将选项游览一遍，看清它们之间的区别。在听的时候要注意对话中的人物、时间、地点、方式、数字、原因等，可以做一些简单的记录。有些试题难度较大，只有在全部听完之后才能得出正确答案。（6）短文理解：这类试题主要是考查考生对整篇文章的理解和判断能力，一般以选择正确答案或判断正误两种形式出现。听短文要注意听大意，要善于捕捉整体信息，切莫一个词一个词地听，也不要听一句就翻译一句，更不必因一个词或一个短语没听懂就停步不前。(一)、在听短文之前应该将所给的题目及选
19、项流览一遍，做到对短文的基本了解，同时带着短文后的要求和指令去听。(二)、听的短文通常是结构紧凑的故事，选用大多是围绕who , when , where , what , how 或why所设的问题。因此，在听的时候应紧紧围绕选项内容作些速记，记下关键词语，理清线索，抓好前后联系，最后才准确作出答案。如遇到生词要根据上下文去猜或跳过，等全文听完后再去思考它。千万不能因小失大，影响整篇文章的理解和分析。 （7）听音填词：这类试题主要有两种考查形式：一是根据所听的句子填写句中的空白；二是根据所听的短文用适当的词语填空。听写时要注意前后提示，有的被听写的词可能就出现在短文中，这时可快速做一个符号，
20、以便挤出时间听写其它空白。听写完后，还应检查一下，看用词是否有误、大小写、单复数、时态等有无错误。 请看以下例题：（1）听短文，选择正确的答案：（ ）1、Mike got up at about _one cloudy morning. A.7:15 B.6:45 C.6:15 D.7:45 （ ）2、He put his books into the bag after he_. A. left the house B. saw his friend C. got to school D. washed his face （ ）3、He left home_. A. without brea
21、kfast B. after a quick breakfast C. with his brother D. with his sister （ ）4、On his way, he met his best friend,_. A. Jim B. Tom C. Bob D. John （ ）5、Both of them _ that morning. A. went to school late B. played on way to school C. were late for class D. forgot that they had no class 录音原文： It was a c
22、loudy morning. Mike woke up and suddenly found it was already 6:45.Its very late, he thought. He got up quickly, jumped out of the bed, washed his face, put his books into the bag, and ran out of the house without breakfast. On his way, he met his best friend Bob. Bob, we must hurry up, or well be l
23、ate. he said. Then they ran all the way to school. When they got there, they found that they had no class that day. At that moment they remembered it was Saturday. （分析）本题在听短文，选择正确答案的题型中属于较容易题。同学们在听本题前，通过先快速浏览试题所给的5个问题及选项，根据所提供的信息，可以推测出短文所涉及的内容是关于麦克一天早晨如何匆匆忙忙地赶去学校上课的情景。5个问题的内容分别涉及Mike几点起床；什么时间才把书放进书包
24、；他是否吃了早饭上学；在路上他碰到了谁以及那天早晨他究竟出了什么差错。带着这些听前分析的问题开始听录音。第一遍听音时只听不记，把注意力集中在有关问题的内容上，把握全文大意。第二遍听音时边听边看边记，重点把短文中有关内容与相关的题目对上号，分析判断后就能很快选出正确的答案，即：1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.D。 最后对所选定的答案进行验证复查，以避免疏忽造成的错误。（2）听短文，选择正确答案：（ ）1. What did the man have to do in the morning? A. He fed the chickens. B. He cleaned the bath-roo
25、m. C. He carried water for the family.（ ）2.Why did the man go to school on foot? A. No bus ran in the direction. B. The school was near. C. His family was poor. （ ）3.What did the man do every Sunday? A. He was taken to church three times. B. He stayed at home all day. C. He played in the street.（ ）4
26、.What can we learn from what the speaker said? A. He is a retired teacher of history. B. He thinks children were happier in the past. C. He lives on a farm far away from cities.录音原文：Now, you want to know about life in the past, right? I can tell you. When I was a boy, things were different. I had to
27、 get up at six every morning. That was not very bad in summer, but in winter it was cold. And we didnt have any hot water in the house. We had to wash in cold water. We didnt have a bath-room. My dad had some chickens. I had to feed them every morning and then I had to walk to school with my little
28、sister. It was two miles to school and two miles back in the evening. And we had to go to bed at seven oclock every night. We couldnt watch TV because there wasnt any. On Sundays we had to go to church three times-morning, afternoon and evening. And we couldnt play outside on Sundays. But it wasnt t
29、oo bad. We had some good times. We could go out and our parents didnt have to worry about us. There werent so many cars on the roads then, so the streets were safe to play in. And there were not many robbers and thieves in those days. We had to work hard and we werent able to buy all those things in the shops today. Life was hard, but it was simple and people were happier.本文的篇幅较长，所涉及到的信息教多。但是同学们在做题前浏览一下所提的四个问题和供选项，就会很有效的缩小所听的范围，即重点去听说话人早上做什么、为何步行上学和每周日做什么等细节，然后在听完全篇的基础上，概括出第四题的答案就可以了。本题的答案分别是：1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B。