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1、硕士生B类答题纸 英语班次：_命题（组题）人： 李雁 审题人： 黄萍 命题时间：2013.12 研究生院制学院 专业（领域） 类别 （ 学术 、专业 ） 学号 姓名 封线密重庆大学硕士研究生英语 课程试卷(B类) 20132014 学年 第 一 学期（秋）开课学院： 课程编号： 考试日期： 2014.1.9 考试时间： 120 分钟题 号一二三四考试成绩计分50%口试20%平时作业10%课堂表现10%考勤10%课程成绩得 分Answer SheetPart I. Reading Comprehension ( 40 points, 1-10 20points; 11-20 20points)1
2、. ( ) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) 4. ( ) 5. ( )6. ( ) 7. ( ) 8. ( ) 9. ( ) 10. ( )11. ( ) 12. ( ) 13. ( ) 14. ( ) 15. ( )16.( ) 17.( ) 18.( ) 19.( ) 20.( ) Part II. Translation from English to Chinese ( 20 points)Part III. Translation from Chinese to English ( 20 points )Part IV. Writing ( 20 points)(请写在背面，Please
3、 write your composition on the reverse side.)重庆大学硕士研究生英语 课程试卷20132014 学年 第 一 学期硕士生B类Part I: Reading Comprehension 40%Directions: Read the following passages carefully and then select the best answer from the four choices given to answer the questions or to complete the statements that follow each pa
4、ssage. Write your answer on your Answer Sheet. Passage One We might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, but the methods of testing a persons knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were. It really is extraordinary that after all these years, educationists have still f
5、ailed to device anything more efficient and reliable than examinations. For all the pious claim that examinations test what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite. They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure,
6、 but they can tell you nothing about a persons true ability and aptitude.As anxiety-makers, examinations are second to none. That is because so much depends on them. They are the mark of success of failure in our society. Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day. It doesnt matter that you
7、 werent feeling very well, or that your mother died. Little things like that dont count: the exam goes on. No one can give of his best when he is in mortal terror, or after a sleepless night, yet this is precisely what the examination system expects him to do. The moment a child begins school, he en
8、ters a world of vicious competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured. Can we wonder at the increasing number of drop-outs: young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even embarked on a career? Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students?A
9、 good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourself. The examination system does anything but that. What has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the student is encouraged to memorize. Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his r
10、eading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming. They lower the standards of teaching, for they deprive the teacher of all freedoms. Teachers themselves are often judged by examination results and instead of teaching their subjects, they are reduced to training th
11、eir students in exam techniques which they despise. The most successful candidates are not always the best educated; they are the best trained in the technique of working under duress.The results on which so much depends are often nothing more than a subjective assessment by some anonymous examiner.
12、 Examiners are only human. They get tired and hungry; they make mistakes. Yet they have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled scripts in a limited amount of time. They work under the same sort of pressure as the candidates. And their word carries weight. After a judges decision you have the right of ap
13、peal, but not after an examiners. There must surely be many simpler and more effective ways of assessing a persons true abilities. Is it cynical to suggest that examinations are merely a profitable business for the institutions that run them? This is what it boils down to in the last analysis. The b
14、est comment on the system is this illiterate message recently scrawled on a wall: I were a teenage drop-out and now I are a teenage millionaire.1. The main idea of this passage isA. examinations exert a pernicious influence on education.B. examinations are ineffective.C. examinations are profitable
15、for institutions.D. examinations are a burden on students.2. The authors attitude toward examinations isA. detestable.B. approval.C. critical.D. indifferent.3. The fate of students is decided byA. education.B. institutions.C. examinations.D. students themselves.4. According to the author, the most i
16、mportant of a good education isA. to encourage students to read widely.B. to train students to think on their own.C. to teach students how to tackle exams.D. to master his fate.5. Why does the author mention court?A. Give an example.B. For comparison.C. It shows the result of court is more effective
17、. D. It shows that teachers evolutions depend on the results of examinations.Passage TwoPop stars today enjoy a style of living which was once the prerogative only of RoyaltyWherever they go, people turn out in their thousands to greet themThe crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their
18、smiling, colorfully dressed idols. The stars are transported in their chauffeur driven Rolls-Royces, private helicopters or executive aeroplanesThey are surrounded by a permanent entourage of managers, press agents and bodyguardsPhotographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings
19、 and goings are reported, for, like Royalty, pop stars are newsIf they enjoy many of the privileges of Royalty, they certainly share many of the inconveniences as wellIt is dangerous for them to make unscheduled appearances in publicThey must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds which idol
20、ize themThey are no longer private individuals, but public propertyThe financial rewards they receive for this sacrifice cannot be calculated, for their rates of pay are astronomicalAnd why not? Society has always rewarded its top entertainers lavishlyThe great days of Hollywood have become legendar
21、y: famous stars enjoyed fame, wealth and adulation on an unprecedented scaleBy todays standards, the excesses of Hollywood do not seem quite so spectacularA single gramophone record nowadays may earn much more in royalties than the films of the past ever didThe competition for the title Top of the P
22、ops is fierce, but the rewards are truly colossalIt is only right that the stars should be paid in this wayDont the top men in industry earn enormous salaries for the services they perform to their companies and their countries? Pop stars earn vast sums in foreign currency often more than large indu
23、strial concerns and the taxman can only be grateful fro their massive annual contributions to the exchequerSo who would begrudge them their rewards?Its all very well for people in humdrum jobs to moan about the successes and rewards of othersPeople who make envious remarks should remember that the m
24、ost famous stars represent only the tip of the icebergFor every famous star, there are hundreds of others struggling to earn a livingA man working in a steady job and looking forward to a pension at the end of it has no right to expect very high rewardsHe has chosen security and peace of mind, so th
25、ere will always be a limit to what he can earnBut a man who attempts to become a star is taking enormous risksHe knows at the outset that only a handful of competitors ever get to the very topHe knows that years of concentrated effort may be rewarded with complete failureBut he knows, too, that the
26、rewards for success are very high indeed: they are the recompense for the huge risks involved and if he achieves them, he has certainly earned themThats the essence of private enterprise6. The sentence “Pop stars style of living was once the prerogative only of Royalty means _A. their life was as lu
27、xurious as that of royaltyB. They enjoy what once only belonged to the royaltyC. They are rather richD. Their way of living was the same as that of the royalty7. What is the authors attitude toward top stars high income?A. ApprovalB. DisapprovalC. IronicalD. Critical8. It can be inferred from the pa
28、ssage _A. people are blind in idolizing starsB. successful Pop stars give great entertainmentC. there exists fierce competition in climbing to the topD. the taxes they have paid are great9. What can we learn from the passage?A. Successful man should get high-income repaymentB. Pop stars made great c
29、ontribution to a countryC. Pop stars can enjoy the life of royaltyD. Successful men represent the tip of the iceberg10. Which paragraph covers the main idea?A. The firstB. The secondC. The thirdD. The fourthPassage ThreeDay-dreaming is generally viewed as an impractical, wasteful activity: one shoul
30、d be doing something useful, not just sitting or walking around with ones head in the clouds. But rather than being of little worth, the capacity to fantasize is a priceless skill, a thoroughly useful tool, a tool for all seasons.Day-dreaming is an essential ingredient in most, if not all, creative
31、processes. In the pursuit of innovation and development, many organizations have been trying over recent years to capture the day-dreaming process by formalizing and institutionalizing the process in creative seminars. Workshops where employees sit around brainstorming and being creative are now mus
32、hrooming. But do they work? To a certain extent they can, but not always. There are instances of outside consultants setting up brainstorming sessions for companies where the chairperson or director gives his or her ideas first. In doing so, they set the parameters as no one wants to contradict or o
33、verrule the boss. True brainstorming, like true daydreaming, however, knows no boundaries, no hierarchies and no fears. The intention is not to disparage such activities, but they are too over-controlled and do not even mimic the environment needed to day-dream and create. But they do show how the c
34、reative force, so frequently despised before, is creeping into the mainstream, even if in a contained manner. Very contained, in fact.So where to begin? Day-dreaming or fantasizing is discouraged in children, so that by the time they are adults it has been completely removed. While one would not wan
35、t to have all children sitting around in a kind of hypothyroidic haze of daydreaming bliss, those most naturally inclined to it should be given space to dream and their ability nurtured. Creativity comes out of the unusual and needs space, in fact lots of space, to develop. Yet, life is based on med
36、iocrity and so society demands that creative flair be knocked out of someone when they are young so that they can conform.As adults, then, it is by and large more difficult to day-dream in general. The limitations have been set by others early on and by subtle reminders to keep people in place. Indi
37、viduals in danger of deviating from the norm are kept in their place by a permanent flow of seemingly innocent comments designed to induce conformity (I dont like that. That wont work. quite often delivered subconsciously. Fortunately, the die-hard day- dreamers/creators manage to struggle through.D
38、reaming spotsFor some of us, coffee shops, pubs or public places where people are moving around are ideal spots for day-dreaming. Or, indeed, somewhere where there is running water, by a river or stream. The constant movement seems to stimulate thought and ideas in a way that perhaps a library or th
39、e solitude of a study does not. It may not be possible to hone the finished text sitting around in a noisy cafe, but the challenge of holding together thoughts against adversity, as it were, is a great galvanizing force.In the peace of ones home there are even more distractions, like the TV and the
40、phone. People who are not familiar with the creative process may find it hard to accept that places like coffee bars are a source of stimulation. But why certain places and things motivate the creative individual and others do not is difficult to fathom.Is day-dreaming an innate ability or something
41、 that can be taught? While I personally am prepared to accept that inheritance of ability does play a significant role in the process, I am more inclined to the idea that the environment, and perhaps chance, play a much greater role. It is said that genius is 10 per cent inspiration and 90 per cent
42、perspiration. The coffee shop experience bears this out: a place of turmoil to engender the ideas and then back to the nest to flesh them out. The 90 per cent is a notional figure. If one looks at the work of the great inventors and artists past or present, one can see that more than 90 per cent of
43、perspiration, as it were, went into the execution of their work.Questions 11-15Do the statements below reflect the opinion of the writer in the Reading Passage above?In item11-15 on your answer sheet writeYESif the statement reflects the writers opinionNO if the statement contradicts the writers opi
44、nionNOT GIVENif it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this Example AnswerPeople think day-dreaming is a wasteful activity. Yes11. Organizations should be legally bound to institutionalize day-dreaming processes.12. In the day-dreaming process there are no limitations.13. Most children
45、 should be given space to day-dream.14. Young people need to have creative flair knocked out of them.15. It is good that some day-dreamers survive the process of conformity.Questions 16-20Below is a summary of the second part of Reading Passage above.Using information from the passage, complete the
46、summary .Choose ONE WORD from the passage to complete each space.Write your answers in item 16-20 on your answer sheet.Busy places, where there is a lot of movement are 16.places to day-dream. Such environments help to produce thoughts and ideas. In fact, in ones 17.there are even more things to divert ones attention. It is not clear why the creative individual is 18.by certain places and things. The question is whether day-dreaming is 19.or can be learned. Inheritance, environment and chance all play a role in the creative process; supposedly only 10 per cent is due to 20.Part II. Tran