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1、1 Module 3 The Violence of Nature 话题导入Building after building under water.Refugees(难民)in shelters.Thousands of others unsure where to go.Bodies in streets.This is what one of Americas historic cities was reduced to this week by a powerful storm，Katrina(卡特里娜)The mayor of New Orleans says thousands ma
2、y be dead.Hurricane Katrina also caused death and destruction in parts of Mississippi and Alabama along the Gulf of Mexico.New Orleans is famous for its wild Mardi Gras celebrations.New Orleans is also a major port for foreign oil and other shipping trade.Yet the city of nearly five hundred thousand
3、 people was built below sea level.New Orleans has depended on levees to control floods from the Mississippi River.Katrina struck on Monday.New Orleans avoided a direct hit but two of the levees failed the next day.Most of the city was flooded.Helicopters dropped huge sandbags to fill the breaks.But
4、the water had no place to go.Pumping stations had no power.America faces one of the worst natural events in its history.President Bush says the recovery will take years.People were told to leave the path of the storm.But some would not or could not.Many of those worst affected by Katrina are poor an
5、d black.African-American leaders and others were angry that government aid did not arrive faster.President Bush visited some of the damaged areas on Friday.He said the way officials reacted to the crisis was unacceptable.根据上文完成下列各题1What s the main idea of the first paragraph?The_terrible_scene_after
6、_a_powerful_storm.2Why were African-American leaders and others angry?Because_in_this_disaster_the_government_aid_didn t_arrive_in_time.Period One Introduction&Reading and Vocabulary.单词1disaster n灾难2lightning n闪电 light n光 lighten vt.(使)发亮名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 16 页 -2 3experience vt.经历&n经历；经
7、验experienced adj.有经验的4cause vt.引起；导致5furniture n家具 furnish vt.陈设；布置6bury vt.埋葬7occur vi.发生 occurrence n发生的事情；存在的事物8tropical adj.热带的 tropic n(地球的)回归线；热带9violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的violence n暴力10 strike vt.&n(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击.短语1pick_up 卷起；掀起；拾起，捡起；接收；无意中学会2take_off去掉；脱下；起飞；取消3on_average 平均起来4of_all_time有史以来5be
8、_experienced_at/in做某事有经验6end_up 结果为，以结束.课文理解1Which of the following descriptions about tornado is NOT correct?AIt is a kind of rotating column of air.BIt is usually caused by a lightning.CIt can reach a speed up to more than 400 kilometres per hour.DIt can cause much damage to people，including death
9、s and injuries.答案B 2How much damage did the worst tornado cause to the US?AThe tornado had winds of more than 400 kilometres per hour.BThe fur of the back of many cats and the feathers of many chickens had been taken off.CIt caused about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.DMore than 700 people lost their
10、lives and 2,700 had been injured.答案D 3What are the similarities between the tornado and the hurricane?AThey both occur together with strong wind.BAmerica is the country often affected by both of them.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 16 页 -3 CThey both can cause a lot of damage to people and the buildi
11、ngs.DAll of the above.答案D 4Where was Charles Coghlan born indeed?AIn Ireland.BIn Canada.CIn New York.DIn Galveston.答案A 5What are the causes of these natural violence?AThe different atmospheric pressure between two areas.BThe changeable weather in these areas.CThe destruction of the nature by human b
12、eings.DNot mentioned in the passage.答案D.课文缩写The most violent tornadoes have winds of over 400 km per hour.1.They can take cars，trains and even houses to other places，also take the fur or features 2.off an animal.Almost all tornadoes happen/occur in the US.On average，there re 800 each year,3.causing(
13、cause)about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.The 4.worst(bad)one was in 1925，causing over 700 deaths and 2,700 injuries.Hurricanes have winds of 120 km per hour or more，5.which cause huge waves，heavy rain and floods.Therere six Atlantic hurricanes each year on average.The worst 6.one was in 1900 in Galv
14、eston，Texas，which caused 6,000 deaths and destroyed 3,600 buildings.Charles Coghlan,7.a nineteenth-century Irish actor，died and was buried in Texas in 1899.The cemetery 8.was_destroyed(destroy)by the hurricane and his coffin ended up in the sea.Eight years 9.later(late)，the coffin was found in the e
15、ast of Canada,3,000 km away from 10.where Coghlan was buried.1Have you ever experienced a thunderstorm?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 16 页 -4 你经历过雷暴天气吗？归纳拓展 experience vt.经历；n.经历；经验be experienced in在方面有经验learn by/through experience从经验中学习working experience工作经验an unforgettable/unusual experience一次难忘的/
16、不平凡的经历注意：experience作“经验”讲时是不可数名词，而作“经历”讲时是可数名词。语境助记 (1)Though he has ever had an experience with this kind of thing，he hasnt had enough experience for the job.After all，he is so young.尽管他在这种事上有过一次经历，但他仍没有足够的经验担当这项工作。毕竟，他太年轻了。(2)That was the most terrible earthquake I had ever experienced.那是我所经历的最可怕的
17、一场地震。(3)She is_experienced_in teaching.她在教学方面有经验。题组训练 用 experience的适当形式填空(1)She has no cooking experience.(2)Please tell us of your experiences while in Africa.(3)Have you ever experienced real hunger?2Do you know anything about the events？For example，what causes them？你知道关于这些灾难的一些事情吗？例如，是什么引起它们的？归纳拓
18、展 cause vt.导致，引起；促使，使发生；n.原因，起因；事业；原则cause sb.to do sth.导致某人去做某事cause sb.trouble/problems给某人带来麻烦/问题be in/for a good cause为了正义事业 语境助记 (1)What caused the plants to die?那些植物死于何种原因？(2)This has caused us much anxiety.这件事让我们极为担心。(3)They are fighting for the republican cause.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共
19、16 页 -5 他们在为共和国的事业而奋斗。cause/reason/excuse (1)cause原因，起因。表示造成某种事实或现象的起因，后接of 短语或不定式。(2)reason理由，原因。指一种行为或看法的理由，后接for。(3)excuse辩解，借口。指为某一行为所做的解释，可以是真的，也可以是托词。题组训练 用 cause，reason 或 excuse 的适当形式填空(1)The cause of the accident was the fact that he drove too fast.(2)There is no excuse for such behavior.(3)
20、I have no particular reason for doubting him.(4)Dont make an excuse for it.3bury vt.埋葬 归纳拓展 bury oneself inbe buried in专心干，埋头干bury sth.in/at.将某物埋葬在bury one s face in ones hands双手捂脸 语境助记 (1)Both his grandparents were buried here.他的祖父母都葬在了这里。(2)After the divorce，she buried_herself_in her work.离婚之后，她全心
21、扑在工作上。(3)She buried her face in the roses，drinking in the fragrance(芳香)她把脸埋在玫瑰里，陶醉于花的芳香。题组训练 (1)作为学生，你应该专心学习。(一句多译)As a student，you should bury yourself in your studies.As_a_student，you_should_be_buried_in_your_studies.As_a_student，you_should_be_absorbed_in_your_studies.As_a_student，you_should_put_y
22、our_heart_and_soul_into_your_studies.(2)Buried(bury)in books，he didn t notice his mother come in.4Almost all of them occur in the US，in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.几乎所有的龙卷风都发生在美国，从东南部的得克萨斯州到北部的南达科他州。归纳拓展 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 16 页 -6 occur vi.(occurred，
23、occurred，occurring)发生sth.occurs/occurred to sb.某人想起(occur tostrike/hit)It occurs/occurred to sb.to do sth.It occurs/occurred to sb.that.某人想到 语境助记 (1)A brilliant idea occurred_to me.我想到一个极好的主意。(2)It_occurred_to_me to visit my teacher.我想到要去看看我的老师。(3)It didn t occur_to_him_that she would refuse his inv
24、itation.他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请。happen/take place/occur (1)happen 无被动用法，指事先无计划，偶然地发生。碰巧做某事happen to do sth.。(2)take place无被动用法，指事先安排、计划的事情。(3)occur无被动用法，指发生时，有计划无计划均可。脑海中出现某种想法occur to sb.。题组训练 用 happen，take place或 occur 的适当形式填空(1)When will the sports meeting take_place?(2)At that time I happened to have no m
25、oney.(3)An excellent idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.5By the late 1890s，he had moved to Galveston，where he died in 1899，a year before the hurricane struck.到 19 世纪 90 年代末，他移居到加尔维斯顿，并于1899 年在那里去世，也就是飓风来袭的前一年。归纳拓展 strike v&n(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；(疾病)侵袭(1)strike还有以下用法：vt.&n打击，撞击；罢工；vt.突然想起，猛地意识到；给
26、以印象；打动；划(火柴)；敲，鸣(2)strike可表示“使想起”，本课中的occur也有此意，它们在用法上的区别是：strike后直接跟 sb.，occur 后面跟 to sb.。(3)表示“(自然灾害等)袭击”时，可与hit互换。语境助记 (1)Strike while the iron is hot.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 16 页 -7 趁热打铁。(2)The church clock began to strike twelve.教堂的钟开始敲十二下。(3)Last month，part of Southeast Asia was struck
27、by floods.上个月，东南亚部分地区遭受洪灾。(4)We were struck by her kindness.我们被她的善良所打动。题组训练 (1)写出下列句子中strike的汉语意思The miners went to strike for higher pay.罢工Does this clock strike the quarters？钟表敲点A good idea struck me while I was walking along the river.使想起A huge forest fire broke out after the lightning struck.袭击H
28、e hit me，so I struck him back.打I am still struck by the native beauty of the lake.打动(2)句型转换A plan struck me immediately.A plan occurred to me immediately.1Tornadoes can pick_up cars，trains and even houses.龙卷风能卷起汽车、火车，甚至房子 归纳拓展 pick up拾起，拿起；(顺便)买；接(某人)上车除此之外，pick up还有下列意思：加快；学会；整理，收拾；收听到；偶然地、无意地获得；(身
29、体)康复；(生意、气候)好转 语境助记 (1)He picked_up a stone and aimed it at the dog.他拾起一块石头，向狗掷去。(2)I picked_up the book in a second-hand bookstore.我在一家旧书店里偶获此书。(3)The bus stopped several times to pick_up passengers.客车沿途停了好几次让乘客上车。题组训练 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 7 页，共 16 页 -8 写出下列句子中pick up的汉语意思(1)He picked up gradua
30、lly after a long illness.(身体)康复(2)As John picked up speed and headed out of town he began to take an interest in the surroundings.加快(3)Is there something small，like a pen or something that you can pick up?拾起，捡起(4)I picked up some French while I was in France.偶然学会(5)I like picking up the programme.收听
31、节目(6)I ll pick you up after work.(开车)接某人(7)The room must be picked up before the guests arrive.收拾，整理2They can take the fur off the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken.它们能拔掉猫背上和鸡身上的毛。归纳拓展 take off去掉；脱掉；除去；取下(1)take off在英语中一词多义，还有以下常见意思：(飞机)起飞；从(价格中)减去；休假；突然开始成功，开始走红(2)关于 take 的其他短语：take away
32、拿走；使离开；消除(病痛等)take down 记下来；拆掉take for(错)当做；(误)以为take on呈现；雇用take over接收，接管，取代take up占去，占据；开始；从事take in吸收；理解；欺骗 语境助记 (1)The new magazine has really taken_off.这份新杂志真是大受欢迎。(2)A helicopter is able to take_off and land straight up and down.直升飞机能够直上直下地起飞和降落。(3)Its too hot.Youd better take_off your coat.天
33、太热了，你最好把外套脱掉。题组训练 用 take 短语的适当形式填空(1)This kind of cloth takes_in water easily.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 8 页，共 16 页 -9(2)Learning English takes_up a lot of my time.(3)The city took_on a festive air.(4)Tom took_over the farm when his father died.3 The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by
34、the hurricane and Coghlans coffin ended_up in the sea.埋葬科格伦的公墓被飓风摧毁，他的灵柩也被冲到了大海里。归纳拓展 end up in 以结束接表示结果的名词with 以结束接表示伴随方式的名词as作为而结束doing 以方式结束bring/put.to an end使终止come to an end完毕，结束make(both)ends meet收支相抵 语境助记 (1)You will end_up_in debt if you keep on spending money like that.你要是老那样花钱，总有一天要负债。(2)
35、At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended_up_apologizing.最初他拒不承认有任何责任，到头来还是道了歉。(3)All good things came_to_an_end.天下无不散之筵席。题组训练 介词填空(1)The party ended up with a beautiful song.(2)Our game always ends up in a quarrel.(3)After several years of hard work，she ended up as a successful
36、writer.4 On average，there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，causing_about_80_deaths_and_1,500_injuries.平均来说，在美国每年有800 次龙卷风，造成大约80 人死亡，1 500 人受伤。归纳拓展 句中 causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries是现在分词短语作状语，表示结果。注意现在分词和不定式作结果状语的区别：现在分词一般表示符合逻辑的、必然出现的结果，而不定式常常表示出乎意料的、偶然出现的结果。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-
37、第 9 页，共 16 页 -10 语境助记 (1)Football is played in over 80 countries，making_it_the_most_popular_sport_in_the_world.在 80 多个国家里都有足球这项体育活动，使它成为世界上最受欢迎的一项运动。(2)They have been discussing the problem for 2 hours，reaching_no_agreement_at_last.他们对这个问题一直讨论了两个小时，最后也没达成协议。(3)He picked up a stone，only_to_have_it_dr
38、opped_on_his_own_feet.他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。题组训练 (1)His parents died，leaving_him_an_orphan(使他成了一个孤儿)(2)I hurried to his house，only_to_find_him_out(结果却发现他出去了)(3)Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，reaching(reach)a record US 57.65 a barrel on April 4.The cemetery where Coghlan was bu
39、ried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlans coffin ended up in the sea.句式分析：本句的主干是The_cemetery_was_destroyed_and_Coghlans_coffin_ended_up_in_the_sea，是 由and连接的两个并列句。从句where Coghlan was buried是(限制性)定语从句，修饰the cemetery，其中 where 在从句中作状语，表地点。自 主 翻 译：埋 葬 科 格 伦 的 公 墓 被 飓 风 摧 毁，他 的 灵 柩 也 被 冲 到 了 大 海 里。
40、.介、副词填空1Tornadoes can pick up cars，trains and even houses and put them down in the next streetor even in the next town.2They can take the fur off the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken.3On average，there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.4 The
41、cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlans coffin ended up in the sea.5Eight years later，the coffin was found by fishermen in the sea near his home 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 10 页，共 16 页 -11 on Prince Edward Island in the east of Canada.同义词语替换1Do you know how it happ
42、ened？occurred 2An earthquake hit the area last night.struck 3The train began to gain speed.pick_up 4She is buried in reading now.absorbed 5Their behaviour influenced him deeply.affected.选词填空happen to；put down；end up；pick up；find out；take off；on average；be buried in1.On_average，15 worth of goods are
43、stolen every day.2It is very difficult for a nearsighted man to pick_up a needle from the ground.3You should put_down every word as carefully as you can.4She happened_to be out when we called.5I ve decided to take a few days off next week.6Those people who have got money by cheating will certainly e
44、nd_up in prison.7In order to find_out the exact time when the person died，the doctor was in deep thought.8He was_buried_in his studies.完成句子1China has_experienced_great_changes(经历了巨大的变化)in the past ten years.2What caused_him_to_come_late(造成了他的迟到)?3It_occurred_to_him(他想起)that he had a meeting to atten
45、d.4I am_struck_by_the_story(被这个故事打动了)and I decide to help the little girl.5As_a_result_of(作为的结果)the storm，the castle was destroyed.单句语法填空1After he became famous，he receives 50 letters a dayon averages.2The vegetables didnt taste very good.Theyhad_been_cooked(cook)too long.3Struck(strike)by her beaut
46、y，he decided to marry her.But how could he make a striking(strike)impression on her?4The wood surface ofthefurniture is full of diagonal stripes.5To buy some salt，the careless housewife went downstairs，leaving(leave)the fish being_cooked(cook)over the gas.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 11 页，共 16 页 -12.阅读理
47、解AThe earthquake affects the students of the destroyed areas in many ways：losing parents，being scared and feeling lonely.How can we help them？Teens reporter talks with Lin Dan，the program director of the Sunshine in Your Heart Project at the Red Cross Society of China.Teens reporter：How will the ear
48、thquake affect the teenagers mentally?Lin Dan：Theyll have feelings of fear，anger and unsafety.They will find it hard to focus.They will tend to cry，shout and tremble.And they might be afraid to be alone.Teens reporter：What will happen if they are not helped?Lin Dan：The teenagers will find it hard to
49、 live in a balanced way.If things get worse，they might not be able to focus on their studies.They might give up on life.Teens reporter：How can we help them overcome these problems?Lin Dan：The first thing is to build up trust with them.Show your sympathy and sadness，and be their friend.Then you have
50、to give them a sense of safety.Tell them that there s a solution to every problem.Thirdly，try to satisfy their psychological needs.Be a good listener if he or she needs to talk.Teens reporter：Some of us are not directly affected by the earthquake but have seen images on TV and feel scared.What shoul