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1、2022年高考最新热点时文阅读-神州13号返航与太空计划题型主要内容1语法填空介绍了中国神舟十三号的三名宇航员从天宫空间站返回地球，创造了中国最长太 空飞行的新记录。2语法填空介绍了中国承诺在今年年底前完成空间站的建设，并表不计划在2022年进行40 屡次发射，这一数字大致与美国持平，以及对声明的具体介绍。3语法填空介绍了宇航员杨利伟写的一篇文章太空中的一天。具体描述了他第一次飞 向太空过程中遇到的问题，并说明了我国航天技术近几年开展迅速。4语法填空介绍了中国的太空探索计划及其开展4阅读理解中国制定未来五年的太空计划，其中包括向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造太空望 远镜以及为天基引力波探测器奠定基
2、础。01(2022河南郑州十九中模拟预测)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正 确形式。After orbiting Earth for six months, the three crew members of Chinas Shenzhou XIII mission (使命) have departed from the Tiangong space station and returned to the mother planet on Saturday morning, 1 (finish) the nations longest manned spacefligh
3、t.Major General Zhai Zhigang, 2 was the mission commander, Senior Colonel Wang Yaping and Senior Colonel Ye Guangfu breathed fresh air for the first time 3 the half-year space journey as ground recovery personnel (全仅;职员)opened the hatch (舟仓门)of their reentry capsule (返回舱)at 10:03 am.Zhai and his cre
4、wmates spent 183 days in 4 orbit about 400 kilometers above the Earth since their Shenzhou XIII spacecraft 5 (launch) on Oct 16 by a Long March 2F carrier rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. They were the second inhabitants (居 民)of Chinas permanent space station named Tiangong.So far th
5、e crew 6 (set) a new record for Chinas 7 (long) spaceflight, almost doubling the previous record of 92 days 8 (create) by their peers in the Shenzhou XII mission who travelled with Tiangong from mid-June to mid-September last year.In early February, the astronauts spent Spring Festival inside the or
6、biting station, becoming the first Chinese people 9 (celebrate) the countrys most important traditional festival in outer space. They appeared in a live broadcast gala (庆典)and sent their best 10 (wish) to Chinese people.个问题。此处issue指的是上文提到的火箭上升过程中产生的剧烈的震动情况，因此应用定冠词。故 填 the。28. 考查时态语态。句意：杨取得突破后，又有12名宇
7、航员在过去的几年里被送上了太空。send是本句 谓语动词，句中时间状语为over the years,因此用现在完成时；主语为复数名词another 12 taikonauts, 因此谓语动词用复数形式，且主语与send之间为被动关系。故填have been sent。29. 考查非谓语动词。句意：看到他第一次太空之旅之后这18年来取得的进步，杨幽默地说，他非常“羡 慕他的宇航员同胞们现在有了这么大的新家，这说明中国的太空实力已经变得多么强大。句中谓语 动词是said,因此see是非谓语动词做状语。分析句子成分可知，see与句子主语Yang之间为主动 关系，应用现在分词形式或者表示现在分词的完
8、成时，表示动作发生造said之前。故填Seeing或 Having seeno30. 考查名词。句意：看到他第一次太空之旅之后这18年来取得的进步，杨幽默地说，他非常“羡慕”他 的宇航员同胞们现在有了这么大的新家，这说明中国的太空实力已经变得多么强大。根据句意及空 后谓语have动词可知，此空填名词复数形式。故填spacemen。31. tostarted32. has madeimportant33. experimentssooner34. Inexploring35. aninterested【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的太空探索计划及其开展。31.考查介词。句意：中国对国际
9、空间探索的贡献始于1970年成功发射东方红1号卫星，最近，中国的 载人飞行计划在2003年庆祝神舟五号成功发射时成为头条新闻。Contribution常与介词to搭配，表 示“对的贡献”。故填to。32. 考查时态。句意同上。根据时间状语“in 1970”可知，应用一般过去时。故填started。33. 考查时态。句意同上。根据时间状语从句“when it celebrated the succesfiil Shenzhou V launch in 2003.” 可知，主句用用现在完成时，主语是单数。故填has made。34. 考查形容词。句意：神舟五号的成功非常重要，因为它是中国载人航天计
10、划的第一步。此处缺少形 容词，作表语。故填important。35. 考查名词复数。句意：下一步将是将宇航员送入地球轨道，以便建立空间站进行实验。此处表示不 止一个实验，用可数名词复数泛指。故填experiments。36. 考查固定短语。句意：由于中国迅速开展的太空计划，这一步会尽早实现。固定短语sooner rather than later尽早故填 sooner037. 考查固定短语。句意：总而言之，我们只是在探索太空的初始阶段，但自从了解到地球并不是平的， 而且沿着围绕太阳的椭圆形轨道运行以来，我们已经取得了长足的进步。固定短语in conclusion总 而言之:故填In。38. 考
11、查非谓语动词。句意同上。作介词of的宾语，应用动名词。故填exploring。39. 考查冠词。句意同上。此处泛指一个椭圆形轨道，且。val-shaped发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故 填ano40. 考查形容词。句意：未来有无限的可能性，只要人们保持兴趣（仍然感兴趣），我们将继续探索世界。此处缺少形容词，作系动词remain的表语，修饰人，表示“感兴趣的”，应用-ed结尾形容词。故填interested o41. BC42. DB【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国制定未来五年的太空计划，其中包括向小行星发射机器人飞 船、建造太空望远镜以及为天基引力波探测器奠定基础。同时文章还介绍了
12、向小行星发射机器人飞 船、建造太空望远镜的情况。41. 细节理解题。根据第二段中The mission, which will probably be named Zheng He after a Ming-dynasty Chinese explorer, would be the countrys first to visit an asteroid, and could launch as soon as 2024. It will follow in the wake of Japans successful Hayabusa asteroid missions and NASAs O
13、SIRIS-Rex, which is due to return space rocks to Earth next year.（该任务可能以中国明朝探险家郑和的名字命名，将是中国第一 个访问小行星的任务，最快可能于2024年发射。在此之前，日本成功完成了隼鸟小行星任务，美国 宇航局的“OSIRIS-Rex”将于明年将太空岩石送回地球）”可知，“郑和”将是第三个到达小行星的探测 器。应选B。42. 词句猜想题。根据画线词上文“China also plans to launch a space telescope called Xuntian, whose name means Purvey
14、 the heavens to（中国还计划发射一个名为“寻天”的太空望远镜，其名字的意思是“调查 天空以及后文This will image in the same wavelengths - ultraviolet, visible and infrared - as those used by NASAs Hubble Space Telescope.（这张照片所用的波长紫外线、可见光和红外线与美国宇航局的哈勃空间望远镜相同。厂可知，中国的望远镜将用和美国宇航局哈勃太空望远镜相同的波 长成像紫外线、可见光和红外线，可见是为了和哈勃太空望远镜竞争，故画线词意思是“竞争”。 应选C。43. 主
15、旨大意题。根据第段China has had a bumper few years in space exploration, and its ambitions areabout to get bolder. The China National Space Administration has released an overview of its plans for the next five years, which include launching a robotic craft to an asteroid, building a space telescope and layi
16、ng the foundations for a space-based gravitational-wave detector.（中国近年来在太空探索方面取得了 巨大成 就，其雄心壮志将变得更加大胆。中国国家航天局发布了未来五年计划的概述，其中包括向小行星 发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜以及为天基引力波探测器奠定基础）结合文章可知，文章主要说明 了中国制定未来五年的太空计划，其中包括向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜以及为天基 引力波探测器奠定基础。同时文章还介绍了向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜的情况，由 此可知，D选项“中国制定太空议程”最符合文章标题。应选D。44. 推理判断
17、题。根据第一段中The China National Space Administration has released an overview of its plans for the next five years, which include launching a robotic craft to an asteroid, building a space telescope and laying the foundations for a space-based gravitational-wave detector.（中国国家航天局发布 了 未来五年 计 划的概述，其中包括向小行星
18、发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜以及为天基引力波探测器奠定基础）” 结合文章可知，主要介绍了向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜，由此可推知，文章接下来 的局部可能会讨论中国发射天基引力波探测器的计划。应选B。02(2022.四川.石室中学三模)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。China has committed itself to 11 (finish)constructing its space station by the end of this year and say it is planning more than forty 12 (launch)
19、for 2022, putting the number roughly level with 13 of the United States.They would include those of two Shenzhou crewed missions, two Tianzhou cargo spacecraft and the stations additional two modules (太空舱),the official Xinhua News Agency reported, 14 (cite) a recent announcement by the China Aerospa
20、ce Science and Technology Corporation, 15 (know) as CASC. The two modules will join the Tianhe core module 16 is cuiTently home to a three-person crew.Working largely 17 its own, China has pushed ahead with its Tiangong Space Station program. The current six-month space mission by the crew aboard Ti
21、anhe has been Chinas longest since it first 18 (send)a human to space in 2003. The three are the second crew 19 (board) the space station, which upon 20 (complete) will weigh about 180 tons, and be about a quarter the size of the International Space Station.03(2022山西怀仁市第一中学校模拟预测)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词
22、或括号内单 词的正确形式。An article written by Chinas first taikonaut Yang Liwei describing one day in space caused heated discussions 21 social media platforms. Many people praised Yang*s heroic spirit and felt amazed at China*s significant22.(achieve) in space technology.Yang was 38 when he became the first C
23、hinese person 23 (go) into space in the Shenzhou- V manned mission on October 15, 2003, making China the third country to have mastered manned space capabilities.In his article, Yang recalled several breathtaking moments 24 he thought he could not make it through the trip back. As he put it, he 25(f
24、eel) strong vibration(振动)when the rocket lifted to aheight about 30-40 kilometres above the ground. nIt vibrated so 26 (violent) that it was breaking my body. The pain grew unbearable and I thought I was going to die, Yang recalled.After his return, Yang reported the abnormal vibration to fellow sci
25、entists, who solved27-issue once-and-for-all before the Shenzhou-VTs launch.After Yang*s breakthrough another 12 taikonauts 28 (send) to space over the years.29 (see) the progress made over the past 18 years since his first trip to space, Yang said with humor that he envied a lot that his fellow 30
26、(spaceman) now have such a big new home, which shows how powerful Chinas space strength has grown.04(2022河南驻马店高二期中)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形 式。Chinas contribution 31 international space exploration 32 (start) with the successful launch of the Dongfanghong 1 Satellite in 1970 and recently its ma
27、nned flight programme 33 (make) headlines when it celebrated the succesful Shenzhou V launch in 2003. The success of Shenzhou V was34 (importance) as it was the first step in Chinas manned space programme. The next step will be to send astronauts into the Earths orbit in order to set up space statio
28、ns to conduct 35 (experiment). Due to China*s rapidly developing space programme, this could be 36 (soon) rather than later.37 conclusion, we are only really in the initial stages of 38 (explore) space but we have come a long way since learning that the Earth is not flat and spins in 39 oval-shaped
29、orbit around the sun. The possibilities for the future are endless and as long as people remain 40(interest), we will keep exploring the world overhead. The sky is no longer the limit.05(2022江苏苏州中学高二期中)China has had a bumper few years in space exploration, and its ambitions are about to get bolder.
30、The China National Space Administration has released an overview of its plans for the next five years, which include launching a robotic craft to an asteroid, building a space telescope and laying the foundations for a space-based gravitational-wave detector.China aims to launch asteroid probes to s
31、ample near-Earth asteroids and study icy comets that have asteroid-like orbits. The mission, which will probably be named Zheng He after a Ming-dynasty Chinese explorer, would be the countrys first to visit an asteroid, and could launch as soon as 2024. It will follow in the wake of Japans successfu
32、l Hayabusa asteroid missions and NASAs OSIRIS-Rex, which is due to return space rocks to Earth next year.Zheng He will fly for ten years, first landing on an ancient asteroid known as HO3. Scientists hope that studying it will give them an insight into conditions in the early Solar System. Zheng He
33、will anchor itself on the asteroid before scooping up its sample, and then return to Earths orbit in 2026 to drop off its spoils, which will parachute to the ground.China also plans to launch a space telescope called Xuntian, whose name means survey the heavens to rival the Hubble. This will image i
34、n the same wavelengths ultraviolet, visible and infrared as those used by NASAs Hubble Space Telescope.Slightly smaller than Hubble, Xuntian will not quite match its predecessors resolution; but, at any one time, Xuntian will capture a patch of sky 300 times larger. That will allow it to probe a muc
35、h greater volume of the Universe than Hubble, says Zhan, who works on Xuntian. The telescope will periodically connect with Chinas space station, Tiangong, for refuelling and maintenance. Zhan says that the team plans to deliver the telescope by the end of 2023, ready fbr launch in 2024. The schedul
36、e is very tight,“ he says.41. What can we learn from paragraph 2 and 3?A. NASAs OSIRIS-Rex has successfully returned space rocks to Earth.B. Zheng He would be the third probe ever to reach an asteroid.C. Zheng He will return to Earth in 2026.D. Sampling near-Earth asteroids will be Zheng Hes only mi
37、ssion.42. What does the underlined word “rival” probably mean in paragraph 4?A. compromise with B. communicate with C. compete with D. cooperate withWhat might be the best title for the text?A. A new Hubble: the Xuntian space telescopeChinas ambitious plans fbr the next five yearsB. Space: opportuni
38、ties for scientific breakthroughsChina sets out space agenda.43. The following session of the passage will probably talk about.A. Chinas measures to broaden and deepen international collaborationChinas plan to launch a space-based gravitational-wave detectorB. Chinas three more missions focusing on
39、the moon and beyondthe significant meaning of Chinas great leap into the space参考答案：1. finishingwho2. afteran3. was launchedhas set#have set4. longest. created5. . to celebratewishes【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国神舟十三号的三名宇航员从天宫空间站返回地球，创造了 中国最长太空飞行的新记录。1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在绕地球飞行6个月后，中国神舟十三号的三名宇航员于周六上午离开天 宫空间站返回地球，完成
40、了中国最长的载人航天飞行。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。句中用现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填finishing。2. 考查定语从句。句意：上午1。点03分，地面回收人员翻开返回舱舱门，任务总指挥翟志刚少将、 王亚平大校、叶光福大校在为期半年的太空之旅后首次呼吸到新鲜空气。句中先行词为Major General Zhai Zhigang,在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。3. 考查介词。句意：上午10点03分，地面回收人员翻开返回舱舱门，任务总指挥翟志刚少将、王亚 平大校、叶光福大校在为期半年的太空之旅后首次呼吸到新鲜空气。名词the half
41、-year space journey 前用介词形式。结合句意，用介词after,表示“在之后: 故填after。4. 考查冠词。句意：自神舟十三号飞船于10月16日由长征二号F运载火箭在酒泉卫星发射中心发射 以来，翟志刚和他的队友们在距离地球400公里的轨道上飞行了 183天。名词。rbit为可数名词，泛 指，且发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。5. 考查时态和语态。句意：自神舟十三号飞船于10月16日由长征二号F运载火箭在酒泉卫星发射中 心发射以来，翟志刚和他的队友们在距离地球400公里的轨道上飞行了 183天。根据时间状语on Oct 16可知，用一般过去时。主语thei
42、r Shenzhou XIH spacecraft与launch之间为被动关系，所以用被动 语态。故填 was launched。6. 考查时态。句意：到目前为止，航天员们创造了中国最长太空飞行的新记录，几乎是去年6月中旬 至9月中旬神舟十二号创造的92天的记录的两倍。根据时间状语So far可知，用现在完成时。主语 crew表示全体工作人员时，是集合名词。假设视为整体，谓语用单数；假设考虑其个体，谓语用复数。 故填 has/have seto7. 考查最高级。句意：到目前为止，航天员们创造了中国最长太空飞行的新记录，几乎是去年6月中 旬至9月中旬神舟十二号创造的92天的记录的两倍。结合句意可
43、知，航天员们创造了中国最长太空 飞行的新记录，所以用形容词最高级形式。故填longest。8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，航天员们创造了中国最长太空飞行的新记录，几乎是去年6月 中旬至9月中旬神舟十二号创造的92天的记录的两倍。句中已经谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形 式。名词record与create之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填created。9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：二月初，宇航员们在轨道空间站内度过了春节，成为第一个在太空庆祝中 国最重要的传统节日的中国人。序数词自rst修饰名词Chinese people,后用不定式作后置定语。故填 to celebrate o10
44、. 考查名词的数。句意：他们出现在现场直播晚会上，并向中国人民致以最美好的祝愿。名词wish为 可数名词，根据句中their可知，用名词的复数形式。故填wishes。11. finishinglaunches12. thatciting13. knownwhich/that14. onsent15. to boardcompletion【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国承诺在今年年底前完成空间站的建设，并表示计划在2022 年进行40屡次发射，这一数字大致与美国持平，以及对声明的具体介绍。11. 考查动名词。句意：中国承诺在今年年底前完成空间站的建设，并表示计划在2022年进行40屡
45、次 发射，这一数字大致与美国持平。commit t。为动词短语搭配，表示“对作出承诺”，t。为介词, 后面应接动词finish的动名词形式finishing作宾语。故填finishingo12. 考查可数名词复数。句意：中国承诺在今年年底前完成空间站的建设，并表示计划在2022年进行40 屡次发射，这一数字大致与美国持平。分析句子可知，空处由数词forty修饰应填可数名词复数形式 launches,表示“发射(次数)故填launches。13. 考查代词。句意：中国承诺在今年年底前完成空间站的建设，并表示计划在2022年进行40屡次发 射，这一数字大致与美国持平。分析句子可知，空处指代前文提到
46、的the number,所以应用代词that, 此处表示“数字”。故填that。14. 考查现在分词。句意：新华社援引中国航天科技集团公司(CASC)最近的一份声明称，这些任务将包 括两次“神舟载人航天任务、两次“天舟”货运飞船以及空间站新增的两个模块。分析句子可知，句子 已有谓语动词reported,所以空处应填现在分词形式citing,表示与其逻辑主语the official Xinhua News Agency之间的主动关系，表示“引用,援引。故填citing。15. 考查过去分词。句意：新华社援引中国航天科技集团公司(CASC)最近的一份声明称，这些任务将包 括两次“神舟一”载人航天任
47、务、两次“天舟”货运飞船以及空间站新增的两个模块。分析句子可知，空处 作后置定语修饰the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation,所以应用过去分词形式 known,表示与其逻辑主语 the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation 之间的被动关系。 故填known o16. 考查定语从句连接词。句意：这两个舱将加入天河核心舱，目前天河核心舱有3名宇航员。分析句 子可知【，空处涉及限制性定语从句，应填关系代词which或that,代替先行词the Tianhe core m
48、odule, 指物，在从句中作主语。故填which或that。17. 考查介词。句意：中国在很大程度上依靠自己的力量推进天宫空间站计划。on one，sown为固定搭配， 表示“独立地，单独地”。故填on。18. 考查时态。句意：“天河号宇航员目前正在执行为期六个月的太空任务，这是中国自2003年首次将 人送上太空以来历时最长的一次。分析句子可知，空处应填谓语动词，又根据从句时间状语in2003 可知，空处应填谓语动词一般过去时sent。故填sent。19. 考查不定式。句意：这三名宇航员是第二批登上空间站的宇航员。空间站完工后重约180吨，大小 约为国际空间站的四分之一。分析句子可知，空处应填不定式to board作后置定语，修饰the second crew,表将来，且the second to do为固定结构，表示“第二个（批）做故填to board。20. 考查名词。句意：这三名宇航员是第二批登上空间站的宇航员。空间站完工后重约180吨，大小约 为国际空间站的四分之一。分析句子可知，介词upon后应接complete的名词形式completion,表示 完成。故填 completion。21. onachievement22. to gowhen23. feltviolently24. th