8年级下册英语人教版重点知识总结(八年级下册英语知识点总结).docx

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1、8年级下册英语人教版 重点知识总结(八年级 下册英语知识点总结)1.八班级下册英语学问点总结人教版八班级英语下册学问点排列团unit 1 Will people have robots?学问点:L形容词,副词的比拟等级考查热点透视: a)表示A与B在程度上相同时,as+形容词或副词的原级 +as结构表示A不如B时,可用“not as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as 结构。b)表示A比B在程度上便.时,可用形容词或 副词的比拟级+than结构c)表示三者或三者以上的比拟, 其中单个在程度上最.时,常用the+形容词或副词的最高 级结构,后面可带of/in的短语来说明比拟的范围。(留意:副词的最高

2、级在句中常省略the.)d)在形容词或 副词的比拟级前,可以用a little, even, far, much,still的等词 语来修饰,以加强语气。e)表示越来越.时,常用形容 词或副词的比拟级+and+形容词或副词的比拟级结构,但要 留意,对于多音节和局部双音节形容词,副词而言,假设要表be kind of unhealthy 有点不健康。4.初二英语下册学问点(人教版)急短语、词组归纳由动词开头构成的短语、词组许多。复习时应分类处理:一、动词+介词Llook at.看,look like .看上去像 ,look after.照料.2.listen to.听 3.welcome to.

3、欢迎至!J 4.say hello to 向 问好 5.speak to.对说话 此类短语相当于及物动词,其后必需带宾语, 但宾语无论是名词依旧是代词,都要放在介词之后。二、 动词+副词动词+副词所构成的短语义分为两类:A.动词(vt.) + 副词 l.put on 穿上 2.takeoff 脱下 3.write down 登 记此类短语可以带宾语,宾语假设是名词,放在副词前后皆 可;宾语假设是人称代词,只能放在副词的前面。B.动词(vi)+副词。1 e on 赶快 2.get up 起床 3.go home 回家4 e in进来5.sit down坐下6.stand up起立此类短 语属于不

4、及物动词,不行以带宾语。三、其它类动词词组 1.close the door 2.look the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.look young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games 10. play games 介词短 语聚焦介词+名词/代词所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将 Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。Lin+语言/颜色/衣帽等,表示使用某种语言或穿着。2,in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade 等,表示在.排/队/班级/

5、班级 等。3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍 晚等一段时候。4.in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示 在书桌/铅笔盒/卧房里。5.in the tree表示在树上 (非树本身全部);on the tree 表示在树上(为树本身全部)6.in the wall表示在墙上 (凹陷进去);on the wall表示在墙上(指墙的外表)。7.at work (在劳动)/at school (上学)/at home (在家)应 留意此类短语中无the。8.at +时刻表示钟点。9.like this/tha

6、t表示方式,意为“像.这/那样。10.of短语 表示所属关系。11.behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等,表示方位、处所。12.from与to多表示方向,前者意为从.,后者意为到. 另外,以下这些短语也必需把握。如:on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on ones bike 等。5.八班级英语重点总结词语辨析1. throughacross穿过through指“从里面(中心) 穿过,其含义与in有关,尤指森林、人群等。across指从外表通过,其含义

7、与on有关2. nearly, almost 几乎,差不多almost表达的程度比nearly更接近一点。nearly不能用于修饰否认词,但可被not修饰。3. above , over 在 上方 above 是介词,表在 上方,“比还高,与below相反。over也有在.上方的意思, 可是它着重指正上方,或盖在上面的意思,而above并不强 调在正上方。语法:The Past Continuous Tense (过去进行时态)一、概 念和用法:1)概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动 作。2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景; 单个长动作发生的时辰,另单个短动作发生。3) 常用的时

8、候状语 this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while 二、过去 进行时可以表示在过去某个时候点发生的事情。时候点可以 用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如: What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday? 昨天晚上 九点她在做什么?(介词短语表示时候点)When I saw him he was decorating his room.当我观察他的时辰他正在装饰房 间。(when从句表示时候点)三、在复合句中,假如

9、主 要动作和背景动作都是连续的或同时发生的,这么主从句的 动词都可用过去进行时。四、通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有:agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have (拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish语法:1.分数的表达,分子用基数 词表示,分母用序数词表示,当分子大于1时,要在分母的 序数词后加s。概括为口诀:分子基,分母序,分子1,分 母加S O2. The Si

10、mple Future Tense (一般将来时态)概念:表示将 要发生的动作或存在的状态及准备、方案或预备做某事。时 候状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year.), soon, in a few minutes, by., the day after tomorrow, etc.基本结构: am/is/are/going to + do; will/shall + do.否认形式: was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didnt,同时还原行 为动词。一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。一. shall/will+动词原形1

11、. will可用于全部人称,但shall仅表示 单纯将来时,用于第一人称I和we,作为will的一种替代形 式。以You and I为主语时通常避开用shalL 2. will, shall可用来 预言将来发生的事。如说出咱们设想会发生的事,或者请对方预言将要发生什么 事。3. will, shall除可表示单纯的将来时以外,还可以带有意 愿的颜色,仍指的是将来。例如:Ill buy you a bicycle for your birthday.你过生日时,我 给你买一辆自行车。(表示承诺)Will you open the door for me please?请你帮我开门好吗?(表示恳求

12、)Shall I get your coat for you?我可以为你拿外套吗?(表示提议)二. be going to+动词原形1.表示说话人依据当前已有的迹象, 推断将要或即将发生某种状况。这类句子的主语可以是人,也然而物。2.表示主语当前的 意图或现已作出的打算,即准备在最近或将来进行某事。这类意图或打算往往是事先经过考虑的。留意:(l)begoing to和will在含义和用法上略有不同。be going to往往表示事先经过考虑的准备;will多表示意愿、 决心。两者有时不能互换。(2)在if之后,通常不用will表示预言,但可以用be going to表示意图。例如:begoin

13、gto也常可以用于主句之中。假如表示将来的意愿,w川可用于条件从句。此时will为情 态动词。6.为了提高我的英语成果Review of Unit 1-6 I. language goals (语言目标)1. Talk about how often you do things谈论做事情的频率。2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions.谈论健康话题 以及提出建议。3. Talk about future plans.谈论将来的方案/ 准备。4. Talk about how to get to places.谈论到达某地的方式。5. Learn t

14、o make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons.学会发出,接受和拒绝邀请并说 出缘由。6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people.学会谈论个人品质以及如何比拟大伙。II. Key Phrases (重点短语):1. how often多长时候一次2. junk food 垃圾食品 3. a lot of 许多 4. hardly ever 很少 5. start with 以.开头 6.

15、 try to do sth.试着去做某事 7. look after 照料 8. be kind of unhealthy 有点不健康 9. once a day 一天 一次10. twice a month单个月两次11. be good for对有 好处 12. once in a while 间或 13. see a doctor / dentist 看病 /看牙医 14. get a cold / fever 感冒/发烧 15. have a stomachache 肚子疼 16. have a toothache 牙疼 17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼 18.

16、lie down and rest 躺下休息 19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的热茶 20. be stressed out 紧急 21. listen to .听22. get tired 变的疲惫 23. keep healthy 保持健康24. at the moment此刻;目前25. watch TV看电 视 26. play basketball 打篮球 27. babysit her sister 照看她的 妹妹 28. visit my friend 访问我的伴侣 29. relax at home 在 家放松 30. sports camp

17、运动野营 31. something interesting 32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing 去徒 步旅行/野营/钓鱼/购物/观光33. go away离开34. get back to school 返回学校 35. stay for a week 呆单个星期 36. go bike riding 骑自行车兜风 37. takes walks 漫步 38. rent videos 租录像带 39. sleep a lot 睡得多 40. think about 考虑 41. take the subway

18、/ bus / boat / plane 乘地铁/公共车/小 船/飞机 42. get to 到达 43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共 车/飞机/小船44. train / subway / bus station火车/地铁/公 共车站45. bus ride乘公共车的旅行46. ride a bike骑自行 车 47. bus stop 公共汽车站 48. on foot 步行 49. leave for 离开去.50. school bus学校班车51. the early bus早班车 52. be different from 与不同 53. half p

19、ast six 六点半 54. in North America 在北美洲 55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐 56. need to do 需要做 57. more than 多于 58. play soccer 踢足球 59. baseball game 棒球竞赛 60. school team 校队 61. come over to 过来至62. the day after tomorrow 后天 63. be good at 擅长于 64, two years ago 两年前 65. be outgoing 夕卜向的 66. all the time 始终 67.

20、in some ways 在 点方面 68. look the same 看起来样 69. talk to everyone 与各位谈话 70. make me laugh 使我笑 III. Key Sentence Structures 重要句型: Unit 1: 1. -What do you usually do on weekends? -I usually go to the movies. 2. -What does he sometimes do on weekends? -He sometimes surfs the Internet.3. How often do you e

21、xercise? I exercise once a week. 4. How often does she eat vegetables? She eats vegetables three times a day. 5. Most of the students go to the beach every year. 6. It makes a big difference to my grades. 7. My eating habits are pretty good. Unit 2:1. Whafs the matter? Whafs wrong?Whafs the trouble?

22、 2. Tm not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat. /I have a lot of headaches. 3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist. You should drink some hot tea with honey. 4. You shouldnt eat anything for 24 hours. 5. Dont get stressed out. It will make you sick. 6. Tm sorry to he

23、ar that you are not feeling well. Unit 3 1. -What is she doing for vacation? -She is babysitting her little sister. -That sounds nice / interesting. 2. -When are you going? -Tm going on Monday. 3.-Where are they going? -They are going to Tibet. 4. -Who is she going with? -She is going with her paren

24、ts. 5. -How long is he staying. -He is staying for a week. 6. -How is the weather there? -Im hoping the weather will be nice. 7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June. 8. Have a good time. Unit 4:1.-How do you get to school? -I get to school by bus. 2. -How does he go to work? -He usual

25、ly walks to school. 3. -How long does it take? -It takes about twenty minutes. 4. -How far is it from his home to school? -Itfs three miles. 5. What do you think of the transportation in your town? Unit 5:1. -Can you come to my party on Wednesday? -Sure, Td love to. / Im sorry, I have to have a pian

26、o lesson. 2. -Can she go to the movies on Saturday? -No, she cant She has to help her mom. 3. -Can you go to the concert on Monday? -When is it? -Its at four oclock on Friday. 4. Thanks a lot for the invitation. 5. Im going to study for a test this evening. 6. Whats the date today? 学校英语学问总结一 短语、词组和重

27、点句型归纳。7.八班级下册123单元的全部学问点,词组,句型 急啊 Unit 1: How often do you exercise?【复习目标】 会使用频率 副词及短语;能描述课余时候的活动支配;会描述基本饮食 结构。【语言目标】 What do you usually do on weekends? I sometimes go to the beach. How often do you eat vegetables? Every day.e Most students do homework every day.【重点词匚】 always, usually, often, somet

28、imes, hardly, ever, never. how often, once , twice , three times a week, every day.e milk, junk food, health, unhealthy, habit, exercise, most, result, try, differentmaybe, although, arm, foot, tooth, ear, eye, advice, thirsty,forget, finish, plan .【应把握的词组】1. go to the movies 去看电影 2. look after = ta

29、ke care of 照看 3. surf the internet 上网 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生计方式 5. go skate boarding 去划板 6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康 7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports 熬炼 8. eating habits 饮食习惯9. take more exercise做更多的运动10. the same as 与什么相同 11. be different from 不同 12. once a month一月一次 13. twice a we

30、ek 周两次 14. make a difference to 对什么有影响15. how often多久一次16. although = though 虽然 17. most of the students=most students 18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物 19. as for 至于 20. activity survey 活动调查 21. do homework 做家庭作业 22. do house work 做家务事 23. eat less meat 吃更少的肉 24. junk food垃圾食物25. be good for

31、对什么有益26. be bad for1对 什么有害 27. want to do sth 想做某事 28. want sb to do sth 想某人做某事29. try to do sth尽量做某事30. come home from school 放学回家 31. of course = certainly = sure 当然 32. get good grades 取得好成果 33. some advice 34. hardly=not nearly / almost not 几乎不 35. keep/be in good health 保持健 康36.be stressed紧急的,有

32、压力的37. take a vacation去度 假48.get back归来【应把握的句子】1. How often do you exercise? 你(您们)多久熬炼一次身体? How often +助 动词 do(does 或 did) + 主语 + do sth.?疑问词 how often 是 问频率(多久一次),(在这里助动词do(does或did)是起关 心构成疑问的作用)与一般当前时或一般过去时连用,回答 一般是用表示频率的副词,如:once, twice, three times., sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every

33、day, once a week, twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month等。翻译:您们多久到工厂去一次? 每星期两次。 达此意时,要用more and more+形容词或副词的原级结构。 f)在表示其中最.之一的含义时,常使用oneof+the+ 形容词最高级形式+名词复数结构,其中的定冠词the不行 以省略。g)假如强调两者中比拟的(单个)的意思时, 可使用the+形容词比拟级+其它结构。h)表示越.越.,可使用 the+形容词或副词的比拟级, the+形容词或副词的比拟级结构。2 .一般将来时a)

34、 一般 将来时的构成:由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成,shall 用于第一人称。在口语中,w川在名词或代词后常简略为中,will not常简略为 wonto这一个时态确实定,否认和疑问结构可表示如下:确 定句 否认句 疑问句 I (We)shall(will) go.You(He, She, They) will go. l(We)shall(will) not go.You(He, She, They)will not go.Shall l(we) go?Will you (he, she, they) go?用“be going to + 动 词原形也可表示将来时,表示将要发生

35、的事,准备或打算要 做的事。b) 一般将来时的用法:1)表示将要发生的动作或状况;2) 不以人的意志为转移,确定要发生的事情。The day after tomorrow will be National Day.后天是国庆日。3. in/after:in是指以当前时候为起点的在一段时候往后。 也可以表示在将来多少时候之内,句子中的谓语动词要用 一般将来时态;after常指以过去时候为起点的一段时候之(How often do you go to the factory? Twice a week. ) 他 们多长时候举办一次舞会? 通常每两周举办一次。(How often do they h

36、ave a dancing party? Usually once every other week/) 他多久去购一次物? 单个月一次。(How often does he go shopping?” He goes shopping once a month/) 2. What do you usually do on weekends? I usually play soccer.周末你通常做什么? 我通常踢足球。 第单个do为助动词,在这起关心构成疑问的作用;而其次 个do那么是实义动词。番羽译: What do you usually do on weekends? I often

37、go to the movies. What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking. 3. “Whafs your favorite program? Animal World.你最喜爱什么节目? “动物世间。4. As for homework, most students do homework every day . as for。 意思是至于;关于,常用于句首作状语,其后跟名词、代 词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)。如:As for him,I never want to see him here.至于他,我

38、永久不盼望在这里见到。As for the story,youd better not believe it.关于那故事,你最 好不要信任。翻译:至于我自己,我当前不想去。(As for myself, I dont want to go now.) 至于为口个人, 我 什么者E不明白。(As for the man, I know nothing about him.) 5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong withher. want to do sth.意思是“想要做某事;want sb. to do sth. 意思是想要

39、某人做某事。如:Do you want to go to the movies with me?你想和我一块 去看电影吗? The teacher doesn*t want us to eat hamburgers. 师长不想让咱们吃汉堡包。6. She says its good for my health.be good for。表示“对有益(有好处);其反义为:be bad for0 (这里for是介词,后跟名词、代词或动名词)如:Its goodfor us to do more reading.多读书对咱们有好处。Reading in bed is bad for your eyes

40、.在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。7. How many hours do you sleep every night?8. I exercise every day, usually when I come home from school .9. My eating habits are pretty good . 这里 pretty 相当于 very 。 10.1 try to eat a lot of vegetables, usually ten to eleven times a week . try to do sth.表示尽力做某事,不包含是否胜利的意思而try doing sth.

41、表示(用某一方法)试着去做某事。如: Youd better try doing the experiment in another way. 你 最好试试用另一种方法做这一个试验。IL My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.help sb.(to) do sth.关心后,因此它与过去时态连用。当after指某个特定的将来时刻或日期之后,或指以将来某一 时候为起点的假设干时候之后时,它可以与将来时态连用。4 .more, less, fewer 的用法区分:more 为 many, much 的比拟 级,意为更多,可修饰可数与不行数名词。L

42、ess是little的比拟级,意为更好,较少,修饰不行数名词。 Fewer是few的比拟级,意为更少,修饰可数名词复数。【留意】few, little表示否认“几乎没有。a few, a little表示确 定一点,几个。5 .would like sth 意思为想要某物;would like to do 意思为 想要做某事。回答would like句型的一般疑问句时,其确定 回答为Yes, please.;否认回答“No, thanks或 z1d like /love to, but.6. Such作形容词,意思是如此的这么样的,修 饰各种名词。团Such这么样的。如It is such b

43、ad weather.天气如此恶劣。团Such常和as搭配,表示一种类别。如 We enjoy such a voice as hers.咱们喜爱象她那样的嗓子。团Such常和表示结果的that从句搭配,表示如此.以至于.” 如 It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home.回 Such.that.和so.that.都可用来引出单个结果状语从句。由 于such是形容词,因此that从句前有单个受such修饰的名 词;而so是副词,用以修饰形容词或副词,因此that从句 前一般不消失名词。如 They are such kind-he

44、arted teachers that people in the village all respect them.The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.a)假如名词是可数名词的单数形式, such和so的位置不同:such+a/an+形容词+单数名词so+形容 词+a/an+单数名词b)假如名词是不行数名词或名词复数, 只可用such,不能用so.:such+形容词+不行数名词或复数名 词c)假如被修饰的不行数名词被much, little,或复数名 词被many, few等表示量的形容词修饰时,用so

45、,不用such.d) 当little表示年纪小的时,可用such+little+名词。7.be able to 为能,会,表示力量,在这一个意义上与can的意思相同, 一般状况下两者可以互换,但can只有当前式和过去式(could) 而be able to那么用于更多的时态,主要体当前be的变化。 两者在用法上有一点差异:can (could)表示主观力量不表示 意愿,它的将来时用will be able to而be able to表示主观意 愿强调克服困难做某事。Uunit 2 What should I do?学问点: 1.loud是形容词,loud-louder-loudest意思是“洪

46、亮的;作副 词时,常与 talk, sing, laugh 等词连用,如 speak loud; loudly “大声地带有吵闹的意味,常用来修饰shout, cry, call, knock 等动词,通常没有比拟级和最高级,作状语;aloud副词, 出声地,大声地,仅指发出声音(以使能被听得见)。2.Enough为形容词,意思是“足够的;enough +n.修饰名词 enough money; adj/adv+enough 7f修饰形容词或副词;enough to do足够做某事3.present, gift礼物:gift带。2.人教版初二英语学问要点初二英语(人教版)各个单元的学 问要点,

47、越?目标语言:重点句型:?0?lusuallyplaysoccero ?HewatchesTVtwiceaweeko?lsleepforninehourso ?Yes,ldoo?Yes,itiSo Whoisthehealthiest?Tomisthehealthiesto重点词组:watchTV,readnewspaper,gotothemovies,surfthelnternet,readEn glishbooks,onceortwiceaweek,everyday,threeorfourtimesaweek heresultotbeinterestedin,translate.into.

48、, begoodfor,tryto,thesameas,helpsbo todo,keepingoodhealth o 学问点:L一般当前时,第三人称单数作主语时,动词的变 化规章。1) 一般在动词后加-s词尾。如,come-comeslive-lives2)在以 ch,sh,s,x,或 o 结尾的词后 要加-es,如,teach-teachescatch-catcheswish-wisheswash-washesmiss-misse sguess-guessesmix-mixesfix-fixesgo-goesdo-does3)以辅音 y 结尾的词,先变y为I再加es,如,Try-triesstudy-studiesreply-repliesfly-fliesl.主语为第三人称单 数时一般当前时的结构确定式:主语谓语动词的第三人称 单数其他。Helikesbananasaloto他特别喜爱吃香蕉。否认式:主语 助动词(doesnt)动词 原形其他。Shedoesntlikemilko她不

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