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1、7选5的考察要点这一考查题型对阅读理解提出了更高层次的要求，即不仅要有阅读速度，要对所读文章的主旨要义、具体信息要有所了解，尤其重要的是要掌握作者的写作意图、观点，区分出论点和论据，并且能够把握文章的写作结构和脉络层次，只有了解了这一切，才能比较准确地确定应该选择哪个选项。不过，只要了解了这种新题型所考查的要点，出题位置，在阅读文章时有意识地加强对文章写作思路和结构组织安排的理解，掌握英语文章常见的几种写作结构，对迅速增强此类新题型的应对能力还是非常有帮助的。1)出题位置往往，段首，段中，段尾 ，缺1句或1个以上的句子。该节分为两个部分：主干部分和选项部分。主干部分的原文约300词，其中有5段
2、空白处，空白处的位置可能在段首、段中、段未，选项部分为7段文字，每段可能是一个句子，可能是两三个短句。其中5段文字分属于主干部分的空白处。要求考生依据自己对文章的理解从选项中选择5段文字放回到文章中相应的5段空白处。2)出题数量非等额选项(题目5道，7个选项)3) 文章结构(a)描述性结构(主要介绍事物、问题或倾向的特点，对人物的描述如传记，包括人身体特征、家庭背景、成长过程、个性爱好、成就贡献等内容进行描述，因此时间、地点往往是出题重点)(b)释义性结构(解释某一理论、学科、事物，主要用例子比喻类比阐述)(c)比较性结构(把两个人或事物功能、特点、优缺点进行对比)(d)原因性结构(这种结构主
3、要分析事物的成因，客观的、主观的、直接的、间接的)(e)驳斥性结构(这种结构主要是先介绍一种观点，然后对其评论或驳斥，然后分析其优点缺点、危害性、最后阐明自己的观点)二.7选5的解题步骤1)快速阅读全文要点词句，包括首尾段、首尾句以及独立成段的句子和文章中带转折词的句子等，目的是掌握文章的主要内容。2)然后再边读边做题，重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时可以采用代入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应基本清楚了。3)重新阅读相关词句，重
4、点做刚才没做出的题或不确定的题，此时可将已选出的答案代入原文，利用排除法。同时检查核对已选出的答案，看文章从内容上是否语义连贯合理，语篇结构上是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切。如果所选的答案可以满足上述标准，则表明各个问题的答案基本正确。4）比较两类关键词 ：将7个选项的关键词与5个空的前后句中的关键词进行比较，匹配的是正确答案。具体方法：1 阅读各个空的前后句，标记关键词 在阅读文章的开始部分、明确文章的基本话题以后，要阅读五个空自的前后句，并将前后句中的解题线索，即关键词标记下来。关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如带有形容词的名词词组）
5、，专有名词、时间数字、代词、连词等。2 阅读各个选项，尤其是选项的首句，标记关键词 3 比较并匹配上述两类关键词，确定答案 4 将确定的答案代入原文，看读起来是否通顺。 如：下面一篇文章51 You dont show your secret personality when you are awake because you can control your behavior, but when you are asleep，your sleeping position shows the real you52.The important position is the one that y
6、ou go to sleep in If you go to sleep on your back，youre a very open personYou normally trust people andyou are easily influenced by fashion or new ideasYou dont like to displease peopleSo you never express your real feelings53 If you sleep on your stomach，you are a rather secretive personYou worry a
7、 lot and youre always easily upsetYou always stick to your own opinions or judgment，but you arent very ambitious(上进心)54.This means that you enjoy having a good time If you sleep curled up，you are probably a very nervous personYou have a low opinion of yourself and so youre often delusiveYoure shy an
8、d you dont normally like meeting peopleYou prefer to on your own，Youre easily hurt If you sleep on your sideyon have usually got a wellbalanced personality55.Yonre usually carefulYou believe in yourselfYon sometimes feel anxious，but you dont often get sadYou always say what you think even if it make
9、s people rather angry.A. Youre quite shy and you arent quite sure of yourselfBYou know your strengths and weaknessC. Normally people seldom change their sleeping positionD .Everyone has got two personalitiesthe one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and realE. Maybe you dont wan
10、t to make friends with a person who sleeps curled up.F .You usually live for today not tomorrowG. In a normal night，of course，people frequently change their positions1标记空前后句中的关键词 本文主要讨论各种睡眠姿势反映出的各种性格。各个空前后句的关键词标记如下： 51空后：名词词组secret personality ，dont show 52空前position 空后important ,position, the one ，
11、等。说明空中要填入的选项含有此类词汇。 53关键词：never express your real feelings54关键词：arent very ambitious(上进心)。空后，you enjoy having a good time 55空前句中的关键词：wellbalanced ，空后为careful2标记选项中的关键词 (A) 关键词shy，arent quite sure说明空的前一句可能提到过一种不敢干什么(B) know your strengths and weakness说明一个人性格是好的，优缺点都知道而且能调控。 (C) seldom change their sl
12、eeping position说明前后一句可能提到数字，而且是很少的。 (D) two personalities，shown secret (E) dont want to make friends，sleeps curled up.（说明前面或后面肯定提到蜷着身子睡觉的人的各种个性。(F) live for today not tomorrow（活在当下，没抱负）(G) frequently change their positions3比较两类关键词 将7个选项的关键词与5个空的前后句中的关键词进行比较，发现匹配的是： 51与D、52与G、53与A、54与F、55与B。 4 代入原文 将
13、确定的选项代入原文，发现意义上与逻辑上都通顺，因此为正确答案第一篇：UrbanizationUntil relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago 71_ . In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was
14、 not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history- a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning. 72_ .The process of urbanization- the migration (迁移) of people from the countryside to the c
15、ity- was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 73 .Large cities were impossible until agriculture became indus
16、trialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies. It took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities. _74 . Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farme
17、rs and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. 75_ . Today, instead of needing nine
18、ty-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.A. That kept cities very small. B. The rest live in small towns.C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered. D. Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.E.
19、 But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.第二篇：Getting your children to study can be a little like getting them to eat thei
20、r vegetables._71_ Make a study time and have it at the same time every day. This will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time.Allow them to study in blocks of time，such as for half an hour with a fiveminute break in the middl
21、e._72_ Ideal(理想的) study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner.Never allow your children to study in front of the television，as that will encourage passive activity._73_Youll also need to help your kids find the right place to study. After youve set up a good study time for littl
22、e learners，set up a good place where they can get those creative juices flowing._74_ Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair._75_ This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answers to any questions. The input you give your chil
23、dren during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyable.APick a place where your children can study properly.BHold them to the schedule they create for themselves.CFinally，spend time with your kids when theyre studying.DKeep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encourageme
24、nt，too.EInstead，use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed.FTry to stop this bad habit by offering some sort of reward.GOne of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to.Public Speaking TrainingGet a coach 51 ，so get help. Since
25、there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training thats right for you.Focus on positivesAny training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the posi
26、tive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you arent doing well. 52 , so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldnt do. 53 If you find a public speaking course that looks as though its going to give
27、 you lots of dos and donts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what youre going to be talking about. 54 . As far as were concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. Your audience can be your friends.You are a special person not a cloneMost importantly, good public s
28、peaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. 55 . Your training course should help you bring out yourpersonality, not try to turn you into someone youre not.A. You arent like anybody elseB. You already do lots of things wellC. Turn your back on too many rulesD.
29、Check the rules about dos and dontsE. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is toughF .The one thing you dont want is for them to fall asleepG. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worseBusiness is organized approach to providing customers with the goods and ser
30、vices they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit (利润) that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. _71_Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are prim
31、arily nongovernmental service providers. _72_Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business._73_One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, mater
32、ials and supplies; and accounting _74_The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision (监管) and guidance by the management in authority._75_A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with
33、the set standards for work.B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their oper
34、ating costs.E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.How to Simplify Your LifeLess is more. This is why we say: reduce things b
35、y half instead of doubling them, get rid of junk instead of piling it up, relax instead of stressing, slow down instead of speeding up. Apply these principles in your everyday life in a conscious way. You will then find yourself well along on your journey to simplification.61._When you concentrate o
36、n one task, you find you have energy that you didnt even know you had. Just imagine: you arc at a fair and you have to carry two heavy pigs over 100 yards. If you keep grabbing one and then the other, it will take forever, because one of them will keep slipping out from under your arm and running of
37、f. But if you tie one pig in a place, pick up the other, gather all your strength and make a dash for the finish line, pause for a moment, run bock and get the other one, and with great determination, carry the second pig to the finish line, then you can be sure of success.62. _The pressure at work
38、is on the increase in all occupations. In the modem nuclear family, the expectations that formerly would have been shared among all the relatives are now concentrated on the individual partner.If you have the feeling that 24 hours per day are not enough for nil the things you need to do, then its no
39、t because the day has too few hours, but because you have too many activities. A simple fact that overloaded people often tend to forget. The solution is equally simple; refuse to accept so many work assignments in your private life or your working life.63._“I can handle stress” is regarded as a pos
40、itive statement in the world of work. People who can handle stress are given more and more to cope with until one day they break.Pay careful attention to the signs that tell you that you arc under more stress than you can cope with. These signals came from various areas of life. You become ill, or y
41、our work efficiency decreases.If you have any of these symptoms, change your life goals and decrease your tolerance of stress. Say quite openly, I cant manage that.”64._If only I were slimmer, more beautiful, richer, more clever, then I would be happier. This is a dream that makes a lot of people il
42、l, depressed, and unhappy. Life has its flaws, defects, comets, and edges. Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life.Of course there are activities in which errors are dangerous; driving a car, crossing the road. But life doesnt consist entirely of these things. In among them th
43、ere is a lot of room for small and large mistakes.65. _Successful people ail have their own places where they can withdraw in order to work. Find out which places improve your creativity. For me its the train. When I know that Im going to be traveling for four hours without phone calls and people kn
44、ocking on my door, I find my mind is free and I can read or write complex articles. There can be problems working on the train, of course: if the person sitting opposite you keeps talking away, or if train trips make you tired (some people fall asleep after a few miles).A.Slow Down Your LifeB.Escape
45、 Now and ThenC.Separate Your ActionsD.Allow Yourself to Be WeakE.Relieve Pressure by Firmly Saying NoF.Stop Expecting Everything to Be Perfect练习篇一： How to Make FriendsFriendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. It offers compa
46、nionship, improves self-worth and promotes good health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leave us without a friend. _71_ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Below are som
47、e helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.1. Associate with others.The first step to making friends is associating with other people. You can go to public places to meet new people. Besides, you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places. 2. Start a conv
48、ersation.Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. _72_ You can always start the conversation. Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.3. _73_Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these