高三英语最后一课(123张PPT)(共123张PPT).pptx

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1、高三英语最后一课,一、听力具体特征,、听力测试是考查学生理解口头语言能力的测试。因此,它的结构不像书面语言那么严谨,句子短,重复率高,冗余信息多。听力测试的材料比阅读材料要容易,基本上没有超纲的词语(但常会出现一些陌生的人名或地名)。 、大多数听力材料来源于英语国家的生活会话,题材广泛,涉及英语国家日常生活的许多方面,有明显的口语特征,听起来自然真实。 、对话或独白都通过具体语言内容表明一个特定的语境。理解语境是把握所听内容的关键,是理解材料内容的前提。 4、语速一般为150170wpm。,二、考前指导,、沉着冷静,精力集中,要有良好的心理素质。心情放松,充满自信。不要因为前一题没有听懂而影响

2、情绪,也不要因为某个词没有听懂而苦思冥想,从而影响下面的内容。做题时要果断而决不能犹豫不决,以致造成一步跟不上步步跟不上的恶果。,、听前预读,有的放矢。考生拿到试卷后利用听之前的时间及题与题之间的间隙时间,快速抢读问题和选项,带着问题有目的的听录音能提高准确率。,、随听随记,无把握就猜。善于运用自己所获得的信息,根据读音或着上下文进行快速的判断和猜测,进行优化处理。,、抓住要点,细辨信息。不管是对话还是独白,注意力一定要集中在整体内容的理解上,切不可只停留在个别单词或单句上,听不清马上放弃,不能强迫自己听清每一个单词,要把重点放在听关键词以及与问题有关的内容上。,三、高考热点突破,、地点与时间

3、,提问方式: Where does the conversation take place? Where is the conversation most likely taking place? Where is the man woman now? Where are the two speakers? When will the visitors come? When will the man probably get to Beijing? When and where do they agree to meet finally?,涉及地点的对话可分为三类:对话双方在同一地点对话双方要

4、去不同的地方对话双方的一方去了多个地方。通常涉及地点: 1、At hospital:examine、headache、cold and flu、pill、 blood 、 pressure 2、In the post office:mail、post、stamp、envelope、package、airmail 3、At hotel:book a room、a single/double room 4、At restaurant:menu、order、bill、beer、wine 5、In the library:book、magazine 6、In the bank:cash、check 7

5、、At the airport:flight、take off 8、At a shop:size、color、style、supermarket、discount、chain store 9、In a house:family、parents、kid、relative、housework、wife、husband,解题指导:,首先要明确时间的几种表达方式:hour、minute、week、month、year、century、am、pm、half past six、a quarter to ten、nine twenty、after、before、early、late、delay 当涉及的时间

6、有多个时,一定弄清楚谁在什么时候做了什么,弄清楚时间的先后顺序,有时候时间也涉及简单的计算。 做题时首先浏览问题与选项,看题目要求通过动作或事件判断时间,还是通过时间选定动作或事件,这样正确率会很高。,做时间题时的解题指导:,2、判断人物身份、职业和关系,提问方式:,What does the womanman do ? Whats the womansmans job? What is the manwoman? Whats the most probable relationship between the two speakers? Who are the two speakers?,常

7、见的人物关系有: Doctorpatient waiter/waitresscustomer secretaryboss shop assistantcustomer driverpoliceman teacherstudent salesmancustomer husbandwife receptionisttourist lawyerclient 通常,在这几组人物关系中,我们会听到以下词或者词组 、doctor and patient:trouble、check、pain、sore、fever、heart、stomach、lungs、blood test、prescription、lig

8、ht diet、when did it start、open your mouth 、husband and wife:dear、darling、sweetheart、my love、cook、picnic、TV、dinner 、shop assistant and customer:size、color、try on、price、discount、Can I help you?What size do you wear?Is that cash or charge? 在听人物之间关系的题目时,说话人之间的语气尤其重要,如果是上司跟下属之间的关系,语气一般较强硬,有命令的意味;而如果是夫妻之间

9、,则语气较为甜蜜,随意;朋友之间较亲切;服务员对顾客一般较尊敬。总之揣摩语气与做题能否成功也有很大的关系。,解题指导:,3.数字判断和简单计算,提问方式:,When did the plane take off? When will the train arrive? What time is it now? How long did the meeting last? Whats the price of the car? How much per pound are the oranges? How much did the man spend on the tickets? How mu

10、ch does the woman have to pay for the dress?,涉及数字计算,无论是哪种计算,其特点是计算都较简单,一般不会超出口算和心算的范围。在做题的过程当中: 1最好做简要的笔记,依笔记去区分或计算,计算速度很关键。 2这类题的特点是学生听到什么就选什么往往会错。 3-teen结尾的数词与以-ty结尾的数词容易混,要正确分辨。 4以-th结尾的序数词容易与其对应的基数词相混。我们可以根据语言知识判断,一般在日期,周年楼层的层后用序数词;而价格,房号,时间等用基数词。,解题指导:,4、逻辑推理,提问方式:,What does he/she mean? What d

11、oes the man/woman imply? What is the most probable result of the conversation? What can we learn from what the speaker said? What can we infer (conclude) from the conversation?,该类试题多为一个说话人提出问题,发出邀请或者表明观点等,另一个不做正面回答,而是说一些与表面上毫不相关的话,或用反问做答,或重复对方话语的一部分,通过语气,语调表明自己的态度。我们必须要听懂说话者的弦外之音,做出正确判断。 1捕捉“弦外之音“,如

12、降调表示赞同肯定;升调表示疑问否定。 2侧重but/however/though等词后的信息,这些词后往往表转折。 3注意一些语法结构的运用,如虚拟语气表示与事实相反;否定比较级结构表示最高级;定语从句对人和事进一步修饰。,解题指导:,5、理解主旨要义,提问方式,What are the two speakers talking aboutdiscussing? What happened to the man woman ? What did the manwoman do ? What are the speakers doing ? What has the woman done ?,这

13、类题主要问的是该对话谈论的主题是什么。特点是对话双方都在谈一个内容。要求学生注意对话的完整性,在答题时把双方的内容联系起来考虑,概括出对话的要点。,解题指导:,6、原因和结果,提问方式:,Why is she lateangrydisappointed? Why didntcouldnt he she go to the theatre? What is the reason for her leaving for New York?,涉及因果关系的对话主要有两种情况:先结果,后原因;先原因,后结果。一般说来,涉及因果关系的题目的重点在原因上,因此要特别注意对话中后者的答语。做此类题目: 1熟

14、练掌握表示因果关系的词或者词组:because、since、so、as、because of、as a result of、cause、occur from、due to、owing to、on account of、now that、so that等。 2通过问题和选项预测,在听的过程式中注意表示因果关系表达法、习惯用语、虚拟语气、分词以及时态和语态。,解题指导:,7、建议、行为与计划,提问方式:,What does the manwoman suggest the manwoman do? What does the manwoman mean?,涉及建议、行动与计划的对话大致可分为三类:

15、 1、对话涉及一方行动。 2、对话涉及双方行动。 3、对话涉及他人行动。 特点:信息量多,不须推理,只须听清记准对话内容。若题目涉及一方,则要记清行为相对应的时间和先后顺序;若题目涉及双方,则要听清记准谁干了什么或要干什么。,解题指导:,8、深层语篇理解,本考点要求考生具备以下能力: 理解说话人的意图、态度或观点理解说话人做某件事的真正原因理解否定词、反问句中隐含在字里行间的言外之意,What does the man/woman think of? How does the man/woman feel about?,提问方式:,听这类题目要注意: 1、首先要注意两个人的态度是否相同,如果不

16、同,要分清各人的态度,因为这时问题往往问的是其中一人的态度或看法,不要混淆。 2、说话人态度没有明确表达,而是比较含蓄,通过语气、语调变化来体现。 3、注意对话中含委婉拒绝、含蓄反对或间接批评,其中否定意义是暗指而非明指,即”no”之类否定词常不出现。,解题指导:,TIPS ON MULTIPLE CHOICE 仔细看题干, 不要只读带空格的那一句. 要瞻前顾后, 上挂下连, 首尾呼应. 含两个空的题, 先确定有把握的那一个. 不好判断题可采用排除法. 单选的重点在动词, 应当特别注意时态,情态动词, 非谓语动词的使用及短语动词的辨析. 题目是疑问句, 可先变为陈述句, 被动的先变为主动, 省

17、略的先还原成完整结构, 均有利于判断. 不可在此恋战, 10分钟内务必完成.,一、增强语境意识,提高分析语境的能力: 语境题包含语境信息。题干中的语境信息常是单词、短语或句子,有时甚至是一个标点符号 。准确把握语境信息可以成功地解答单选题。 如:,1. - I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday. - Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ? A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left 2. Now that she is out of a

18、job, Lucy _ going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet. A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider,_,D,B,-,3. Tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm. A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told,A,_,4. Would you tell me_ you want your c

19、offee, with sugar or milk? - Sugar, please. A. whether B. when C. what D. how,D,-,二.参考命题意图,排除各种干扰 高考的选拨性决定了单项填空题不会让所有的人顺利过关,命题人通常从以下角度设计干扰信息: (一)、句型的转换引起的干扰: 对策:运用还原法,再现真面目 主要用来解决一些非正常语序的题目,如被动句、疑问句、感叹句、倒装句、省略句等,我们可以先将其复原为陈述语序再来做题,1. Every minute is made full _ of _our lessons. A. use; study B. usef

20、ul; to study C. use; to study D. used; studying,还原为:We should make full _ of every minute _our lessons,_,C,4. It was _ the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home Arepair Brepairing Cto repair Din repair,B,还原为:The old man spent the whole morning _ the old clock at home,(二) 、插入语干扰

21、这类题主要是利用插入语,增加句子的复杂 程度,从而达到干扰考生视线的目的。 对策: 去掉插入语,He believes in himself,_ , in my opinion,is of the most importance Athat Bwhich Cwhat Das,( ),B,2. The writer and professor,whom I often refer to at the meetings,_ famous for those works Ais Bare Cam Dwere . He will tell you _ he expects will win such

22、a match Awhy Bwhom Cwhich Dwho,A,( ),D,(,),(三)、标点符号干扰 标点符号在英语句式中的配合作用是不容忽视的,从英语的句型结构这一角度来看,它甚至是起着决定性的作用它决定着句子的单复形式,决定着选词造句等 其他诸多问题。 对策:掌握英语中逗号的作用、常见句子结构及并列连词,1. Tom,_ sure to come tomorrow A is Bbe Cwas D would be 2.All the money_, John had to start looking for a job. A.was cost B. had cost C. havin

23、g been spent D. having spent 3 _,I had to walk home A .There was no bus BThere being no bus CThere were no buses D.There was not a bus,B,C,B,(四)、省略句干扰 对策:补充省略成分,确定正确选择,1.-What made you so happy ? -_. A. Because of my passing the exam. B. I passed the exam. C. Because I passed the exam. D. My passing

24、 the exam. 2. She is looking so forward as much to his return as he himself to _ her. A.have seen B. seeing C. see D. having seen,(made me so happy),D,(改) She is looking so forward as much to his return as he himself(is looking forward) to _ her.,B,3. Tom is better at physics than Jack, but not _ at

25、 chemistry. A.good B.better C. as good D. too good 4. -I cant find Mr. Morris. Where did you meet him yesterday ? -It was in the hotel _ he stayed. A. where B. whichC. that D. the one,改:Tom is better at physics than Jack, but not _ (as )at chemistry.,C,(that I meet him yesterday),A,(五)排除母语或文化差异的干扰对策

26、: 了解西方文化背景,风俗和思维习惯,-Id like to invite you to dinner this Saturday, Mr Smith. - _. A.Oh, no. Lets not. B. Id rather stay at home C. Im very sorry, but I have other plans D. Oh, no. Thatll be too much trouble.,C,接受邀请时用yes, I d love/like to 或yes, Id like that. 或yes, its very kind/nice of you; 在表示拒绝时, 一

27、般用Im sorry, but / Im afraid, but/ Id like/ love to , but,- Its getting late. Im afraid I must be going now. - OK. _. A. Take it easy B. Go slowly C. Stay longer D. So long,D,3. - Waiter! - _ - I cant eat this. Its too salty. A. Yes, sir? B. What? C. All right? D. Pardon?,A,(六)、思维定势干拢 所谓定势思维,就是习惯性地遵循

28、某一单一模式进行的思维,也就是从原有的知识经验出发,机械地套用老方法,按某种固定的思路去思考问题,轻而易举地得出 “正确答案”,结果错了。 对策:运用固定词组. 句子结构. 语法分析法,2. Dont let the child who is _ go to school. A. so young as to B. not old enough to C. too young to D. not old enough 3.They insisted that the cruel woman _ thrown into prison. A. refers to B. referred to be

29、 C. referred to beingD. refers to be 6. Here is so big a stone _ no one can move Athat Bwhich Cas Das to,( ),D,They insisted that the cruel woman (referred to ) (should)be thrown into prison.,B,C,( Here is so big a stone _ no one can move it.),A,完形填空解题指导,正确的答题步骤:,1. 浏览全文,掌握文章的中心及脉络; a. 应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读

30、. b. 注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句. 2. 分层落实,逐个填空; a. 先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较容易的空格. b. 对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点. 3. 通读全文,检查核对.,灵活的解题技巧,1.照应 ,瞻前顾后联系全文。,2. 积累,掌握 固定搭配的用法与同义词 的辨析。,3.分清逻辑关系,注意文中分类、对比、 从属、并列等关系所用的词语。,4. 化简句子,突破长句的理解。,5.充分利用你的常识。,1.照应: 充分利用文章的结构,上下文和前后句,找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。有时可能是同义词,有时可能是反义词。1) Travelling west

31、, you set your clock 7 ; travelling east, you set it ahead Travelling 15 today becomes yesterday; travelling west it is tomorrow. 7. A. behind B. forward C. back D. ahead 15. A. south B. east C. north D. west 2) So the slave was pardoned and 50. A. killed B. rich C. happy D. freed 3) Many old people

32、 dont have good _13_. They cant watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio. A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time,2.积累: 固定搭配包括介词与动词的搭配、动词与宾语的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等。要根据内容选择正确的短语。 They spend millions of dollars yearly _2_ newspapers and magazines A. in B. to C. on D.for Tom told what he

33、saw to the man and it wasnt long _ the police caught the thief. A. that B.before C. until D. then Some people in India do not eat meat or fish _6_. A. after all B. in the end C. at all D. no longer,2.积累(注意词语的辨析) Soon I heard a _ like that of a door burst in, and then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry

34、 C. voice D. from 2) To my horror, I saw, _ my fathers shoulder, a gorilla, A. on B. above C. over D. form 3) Give me a hand, he shouted _ he got near the boat. A. while B. till C. for D. as,3.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项。1) and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the mushrooms had a very stran

35、ge _8_ quite pleasant taste.A. besides B. but C. and D. or 2) A transistor radio is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry _11_, radio broadcasts are better for blind people.A. Besides B. However C. Yet D. Sometimes,4.简化句子,突破长句。,1)He is a great chatter 48 (as well). If he did not know them,

36、he would greet them with a few 49 about the weather , 50 he did know them , he would ask about their families or make 51 , always cutting his cloth 52 his customers. A.Saying B.questions C.words D.speeches A.and then B.and so C.even if D.but if 51. A.Preparations B.jokes C.repairs D.friends 52. A.ac

37、cording to B.due to C.instead of D.up to,1) , because the earth _2_ twenty-four time zones, one hour apart. A. gives B. is C. is divided into D. shows 2)There ,1350 feet above the street, a _ figure was walking on air. A. great B. strange C. public D. tinny,5.充分利用生活常识以及相关知识。,为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?,没有严格遵

38、循答题步骤: 多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-16分钟.切记:一定要用2-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空. 2. 不注意积累答题技巧: a. 忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系; b. 遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择. 3. 需培养五种意识: 词汇语法意识,上下文意识,主题思想意识,社会生活体验意识,跨文化意识,阅读理解题归纳为以下六大题型,1事实细节题 2主旨大意题 3猜测词义题 4推理判断题 5识别图形题 6理解作者的意图和态度题,阅读技

39、巧的具体应用,先题后文,顺序明确(文体) 阅读理解涉及的第一个问题就是阅读顺序的问题,对这个问题的回答可以说是众说纷纭,考生也莫衷一是,然而结合考试来看,先读题干再读文章将节省大量的时间,如真题第一篇,这篇文章以应用文的形式讲述怎样防止自行车被盗,如果先读题干的话,第58题the article advise you to keep a record of your bicycle_就可以迅速定位到文中黑色标题Registration以下的段落,从而可以节省大量时间。,如第三篇是关于旅游的一个广告宣传信息,67题 according to the Tour Itinerary, the rou

40、te is_也可以略读甚至跳读很多无关段落和信息,迅速定位到文中关于Tour Itinerary的部分,从而快速解题。,抓大放小 确定主旨主旨题虽然所占比例不是很大,其作用却不可忽视,因为细节题是从正面或者反面反应主旨,而推理题一般也和主旨相关,因此掌握主旨至关重要。抓大放小是解主旨题的不二法门,如果在文中能够快速地定位中心、掌握大意,将可以在解题时享受庖丁解牛般的酣畅。,如第二篇真题只要能够掌握文章的中心词是computer以及科学家对此持正面评价,第61题选择networks就显得轻而易举。,如第三篇文章只要明确中心景点是Grand Canyon Skywalk,解题就势如破竹,第64题t

41、he advertisement is for_就可以直接出答案D the Skywalk。,有的放矢,准确定位 在浏览题干的时候需要关注和标记的词汇,也就是关键词,对解题有明显效果的关键词一般分为两类:其一,时间、数字、大写字母等,这类词汇信息本身含有特殊符号,因此容易回文定位。,如第二篇61题,according to the Pew study ,what?可以通过题干中的大写字母P十分容易地跳过第二段,找到第三段,然后进行推理判断即可得出答案。,如第70题From the passage, we know the reason why around 10% of people are

42、left-handed is that_这道题目的定位很简单,除了可以通过数字对应到文中的90%以外,还可以通过含有连字符的left-handed定位到文中。不过这道题目设置了一个小陷阱,但是只要细心难度并不大。文中说左脑的主导地位决定90%的人都是右撇子,题目问的是为什么10%的人是左撇子,答案应该是他们受右脑的影响。,第二类关键词,主要指学生不认识不熟悉的词,或者本身特点突出,比如很长,比如enthusiastic等等这种词汇都可以用来定位。,如真题第67题中的Tour Itinerary,这个词很多同学不熟悉,而且文中有中文注释,这样可以直接找到文章含有注释的句子,定位快捷简单,如第73

43、题:What caused Kemons to start a motel by himself? 因为文中含有大写字母的单词是个人名,在文中自然会出现多次,失去了定位的意义,所以可以转而从单词motel入手,虽然很多同学对这个词有所了解,但是文中还是把它作为生词进行了注释,这样回文找到汽车旅馆,然后向前回溯几句,发现给作者带来想法的是一次糟糕的经历,答案A脱颖而出。,利用常识 快速解题(急 用)常识在阅读中的作用也是众说纷纭,因为有些文章本身就是对某些观点的颠覆和更正。所以我们这里所说的常识指的是自然科学常识、社会科学常识,以及一些历史性知识。当然生活常识需要谨慎使用,我们都要求学生一定要从

44、文中找到依据。,如真题第70题,问为什么有10%的人是左撇子,除了可以利用数字回文定位找到相关句子进行因果的推理和分析以外,我们也可以根据高中生物和神经学知识加以判断,我们知道人的左脑支配右半身的神经和器官,是理解语言的中枢,右脑支配左半身的神经和器官,左撇子现象自然和他们右脑思维的激发有关,可以直接选出答案C their right brain is usually dominant.,总之,辅之以有效的阅读技巧,再结合平时的夯实基础和扎实阅读,就可以信心满怀踌躇满志地走进考场,就可以在考试中笑看风云叱咤考场,也可以在走出考场后怀着一份真正的平静和轻松。 建议用时:30分钟 左右,任务型阅读

45、解题策略,2017年考纲要求考生认真阅读短文,并根据所读,用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概括关键内容或作要词词语转换。 注意:每空只填一个单词,补全填空应符合语法和搭配要求。,考纲解读,表格型 (table-shaped) 树状型 (Tree shaped),题型(types),表格型 table-shaped,Change in Todays Children,树状型 Tree shaped,The Internet,Sub-topic,Sub-topic,Necessary Skills,主题明确 Obvious topic sentence 文章脉络结构清楚 Clear structure,

46、文章特点,解题步骤一,浏览表格,理清脉络; 通读全文,掌握大意,有标题要先看、易题先做,解题步骤二,划分段落,对照表格 确认细节,找出关键词(句),易题先做,解题步骤三,整合信息,填写表格 确保形式、语法正确,原词: 原词转换词词性、词形: 语境转换词句型转换、固定搭配: 总结归纳词:,题目特点,teamwork 2. ideas 3. Support(n.) 4. Suggestions 5. given 7. topic,3. Support(n.-v.) 6. responsibility (responsible) 9. Exchange(exchanging)10. Evaluate

47、 (evaluation),8. case (just in case),4. Suggestions,根据表格填词:对比表格信息Words filled based on the form,similarities advantages strengths directly,differences,disadvantages,weaknesses,indirectly,参阅读本 P204-207,常见概括性词,significance importance meaning,advantages disadvantages,differences similarities,优劣,异同,意义,观点,opinion view attitude,reason cause,result effect consequence,measure solution way method,原因,方法,结果,目的,aim purpose goal,强项弱项,strengths weaknesses,信息归纳题,解题技巧:,Rules for different types of passages,Title Theme / Topic Present / Current situation A

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