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1、定语从句三部曲1.找出先行词；2.确定先行词在从句中的成分：主语，宾语，状语；3.选择正确的关系词。几个关系代词的基本用法that:可指人或物；可作主语，宾语。指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于whichAletter_iswritteninpencilisdifficulttoread.()A letter is difficult to read.The letter is written in pencil.合并:A letter(the letter) which is written in pencil is difficult to read.Doyouknowtheg
2、entleman_spokejustnow?( )句1_.句2_.Whatisthequestion_theyaretalkingabout?( )句1_.句2_.Hereistheman_youwanttosee.()句1_.句2_.只能用that不能用which的情况1.先行词为不定代词时：all,much,everything,anything,nothing,something,none,theone.2.先行词被only,any,few,little,no,just,very,oneof等修饰时；3.先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时；4.先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时；5.先行词既有
3、人又有物时；6.先行词是数词时；(two,ten,ahundred)7.如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免重复；8.疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复；即学即用1.Thewriterandhisnovel_youhavejusttalkedaboutisreallywellknown.()2.Themostimportantthing_shouldbedonerightnowishowtostophimfromgoingon.()3.Thelastplace_wevisitedwasthechemicalworks.()
4、4.Theresnothing_canbesaidaboutit.()5.Thisisthethirdfilm_hasbeenshowninourschoolthisterm.()6.YesterdayIcaughttwofishandputtheminabasinofwater.Nowyoucanseethetwo_arestillalive()7.Whoistheman_isstandingatthegate?()8.Edisonbuiltupafactorywhichproducedthings_hadneverbeenseenbefore.() whichwhich:指物；可作主语，宾
5、语，表语。1.Thebook_wasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.()2.Thebook_Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.()3.Thefactory_hisfatherworksisfarfromhere.()只能用which不能用that的情况：1.介词后面只能用which；Isthistheroomin_Mr.Whitelives?2.非限定性定语从句中。MoreandmorepeoplearebeginningtolearnEnglish,_isbecomingverypopularinourcountry.3.当关系代词
6、后面带有插入语时；HerestheEnglishgrammar_,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish.4.先行词是those+复数名词.Ashopshouldkeepastockofthosegoods_sellbest.who,whom,whosewho:主格,在从句中作主语，只可指人whom:宾格，在从句中作宾语，只可指人；whose:所属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。（whose=ofwhich或ofwhom）Ilikethestudents_workhard.All_heardthestorywereamazed.Chaplin,f
7、or_lifehadoncebeenveryhard,wasasuccessasanactor.Achild_parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.Idlikearoomwhosewindowfacessouth.只能用who不能用that的情况1.先行词为anyone,anybody,those,all,one,ones,they,he,people时；Anyonewhofailedtocometothemeetingyesterdaymustgivehisreason.Hewhoknowsnothingbutpretendstoknoweverythingisind
8、eedagood-fornothing.2.在非限定性定语从句中；Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.3在therebe开头的句子中。Hereisaboywhowantstoseeyou.WhenWhen指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。其先行词是表时间的名词（如：time,day,week,year,month等）HecamelastnightwhenIwasout.Wewillputoffthepicnicuntilnextweek,whentheweatherwouldbebetter.when=介词+whichIstillremem
9、berthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.(when=onwhich)Hecameatatimewhenweneededhimmost.(when=atwhich)Wewillneverforgettheyear1949,whenthePeoplesRepublicofChinawasfounded.(when=inwhich)比较Istillremembertheday_mybrotherjoinedthearmy.Istillrememberthedays_wespenttogether.先行词是时间名词，但在定语从句中做宾语或主语时，先行词不能用when。I
10、 can remember the period_we stayed in Shanghai.She didnt forget the days_was gone,so she felt sad.WhereWhere指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。其先行词是表示地点的名词。（如：place,school,factory,room等）ThisistheplacewhereIwasborn.Iliveintheroomwhere/inwhichheusedtolive.where=介词+whichIrecentlywentbacktothetownwhereIwasborn.(where=inwh
11、ich)Iwouldliketoliveinacountrywherethereisplentyofsunshine.(where=inwhich)比较Thesmallmountainvillage_wespentourholidaylastmonthisnowveryfamous.Thisisthepark_theyvisitedlastyear.This is the village_he still remembersThe village_he learnt to plant the trees took on a new look.先行词是地点名词，但在定语从句中做宾语或主语时，先行
12、词不能用where。WhyWhy指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。先行词为reason时，可用forwhich指代。Thereasonwhy/forwhich/(that)hedidntattendthemeetingwasthathewasill.比较Idontbelievethereason_hegaveme.Haveyouaskedhimthereason_mayexplainhissuccess?I dont know the reason_he left school.She didnt tell me the reason_she was late for school.当关系词在从
13、句中作主语或宾语时，不能用why引导。先行词在从句中做状语时，关系词才可以用when，where和why。补充:当先行词为way时，如在从句中做状语，定语从句常用that,inwhich，that常可以省略。如做主宾表则用that、which如做宾语还可省。Thisisthewaythat/inwhichIdosuchthings.I dont like the way_he deal with this matter.Do you think the way_he treats his father is right.Can you show me the way_you did this
14、experiment.I cant understand the way_he explained to me yesterday.Pleasedotheexperimentinthewaythat/whichIhaveshownyou.(做宾语)as的用法Hewasaforeigner,_Iknewfromhisaccent.A.thatB.asC.whereD.why如为限制性的，多用于thesameas;thesameas；suchas;asmany/muchas；soas等结构中。Ihavethesamebookasyou(have).Herattitudetohimwasquitet
15、hesameasithadalways been.He is such a good boy_we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all want to buy.如为非限制性的，多单独引导一个定语从句，这种定语从句可置于句首、句中或句尾，译为“正如”。（动词常为know,see,expect,pointout,etc.）Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultooneshealth.Smoking,asweallknow,isharmfultoonehealth.补充无论是关系代词，还是关系副词，都在定语从句中充当
16、一定的成分，因此，先行词在定语从句中不复出现。1.ThisisthebookthatIborrowedityesterday.2.TheEnglishCorneristheplacewherepeopleoftengotheretopracticetheirspokenEnglish.关系词的省略在下列情况下，关系词在非正式文体中可以省略:1.关系代词that,which,who,whom在定语从句中做宾语时，常可省略。Arethesekeys(thatwhich)youwerelookingfor？Theman(who/that)Iwassittingnexttoontheplanetalk
17、edallthetime.2以theway为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由inwhich或that引导，而且通常可以省略。Idontliketheway(that/inwhich)shewalks.Theway(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestionswassurprising.定语从句重点总结1.Wellneverforgetthedays_wespenttogetherlastyear.A.whenB.thatC.howD.onwhich2.Thehighyellowbuildingoverthere,_wassetuplastyear,isourofficeb
18、uilding.A.itB.thatC.whereD.which3.ItisthebestTVplay_Iveseen.A.thatB.whichC.sinceD.and4.Ioftenhearfrommysister,_worksasanengineer.A.thatB.whoC.heD.whom5.LastmonthIvisitedthehouse_Iusedtoliveinmytwenties.A.whichB.whoC.inthatD.where6.Theday_Iwastostartarrivedatlast.A.thatB.whichC.onwhichD.inthat7.Theol
19、dwomanhastwosons,_areteachers.A.twoofwhomB.bothofwhomC.allofthemD.neitherofthem8.Isthatthereason_youdontagreewiththem?A.whatB.whichC.whyD.that9.Air,_webreatheeveryday,isnecessarytolife.A./B.whichC.whatD.that10.I,_yourfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A.whoisB.thatisC.whoamD.whoare11.LiYingisoneoftheg
20、irls_tocollegeinthevillage.A.whogoesB.whogoC.whichwentD.thatgoes12.Heistheonlyoneoftheboysofhisclasswho_thepianowell.A.playsB.playC.playingD.areplaying13.Those_notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.A.learnB.whoC.thatlearnsD.wholearn14.Isthisthefactory_youvisitedtheotherday?A.inwhichB.whi
21、chC.whereD.theone15.HemustbefromAfrica,_canbeseenfromhisskin.A.thatB.asC.itD.what语从句导学案PartOneStep 1 . Read the phrases from the text. (用横线划出定语并标明词性)1)a very enjoyable and exciting experience _ 2) the school hours _ 3) 28 students _ 4)schools in China_ 5) In the art class that I took, I made a small
22、 sculpture._6) I sat next to a girl whose name was Diana ._Step 2.Think it over这些句中的_, _, _ 和_ 以及_ 都用来修饰名词，做_。其中1）,2) ,3) 是前置定语。(何时做前置定语？）_4），5）6) 是后置定语。（何时做后置定语？ _而且，5）与6）是从句做定语，叫定语从句。Step 3. Conclusions:修饰某一_或_的从句，并且跟在所修饰的词的_(前面/后面)，就是定语从句。其中被修饰的词class 和girl 叫先行词，that和whose 叫关系词。二 Part two - Furtu
23、re tudy（探究学习）Step 1 1.划出句中的先行词与关系代词。1) The boy who /that broke the windows is called Jack. _()2) The man who/whom I talked to just now is Mr Li. _()3) Lixie is the boy whose mother is our English teacher. _()4) The car that /which he bought yesterday is made in Japan. _()5) We live in a house whose
24、window opens to the south. _()6) He who laughs last laughs best._()2. 指出他们在句中所作的成分。3.归纳总结。 先行词：由_和 _充当，是被定语从句所修饰的词。关系代词 指人/指物 成分 关系代词 指人/指物 成分which whom that whosewho asStep 2 Pratice 1.用正确的关系词填空。1) Is that the house _ you bought last year?2) The boy _ mother is ill cant come.3) The street _ is to t
25、he park is very narrow(狭窄的).4) The person _ finds my watch will get a reward.5) This is the house _ window is broken.6) The boy _ John is speaking with is my brother.Step 3 Rewrite two sentences by using two attributive clauses.e.g A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is a machine the
26、machine can fly. A plane is a machine that /which can fly.步骤 1. 找出相同的部分 2. 确定先行词 3. 定语从句跟在先行词的后面1. Rewrite two sentences .1) The trees are behind the office building. The have lost their trees._2) We saw the student just now .He is the best runner._3) It used to be a small town. It is no longer a sm
27、all town._4) She has a brother . I cant remember his name._2. Translate the following sentences using the attributive sentences.1) 我丢了那本红色封页的书。(cover) I lost the book _.2) 你能告诉我你们上星期参观的工厂的名字吗？Can you tell me the name of the factory _?3) 他就是我要找的人。He is the man _.4) 我昨天是收到的信是姑姑寄来的。The letter _ from my
28、 aunt.5) 在接下来的年月里，他们拼命地工作。During the years _(follow), they worked hard. 小试牛刀-用关系代词填空。1） You ll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family.2) The old town has narrow streets and small houses _ are built close to each other.3) She has a gift for (有天赋) creating an at
29、mosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other.4) The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination.5) I ve become good friends with several of the studenes in my school _ I met in the English Speech Contest last year.6) That s the new machine _ parts
30、(零件) are too small to be seen.7) The old temple _ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.8) I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.(过错)9. Children who are not active or _ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.10. Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. 3.火眼精金- 改错。1)This is the very pen you gave it to me before.2) The man whom I spoke is from Canada.3) He is a boy that make trouble.4) he is talking with the girl her brother is my classmate.7