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1、2021学年第二学期学业质量发展阶段性训练（二）英语本试卷共四大题，12页，满分90分，考试用时100分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。3.非选择题答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动后的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束时，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满
2、分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。To student in England, the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) examination _1_ the zhongkao in China. After two years of the COVID-19 pandemic, Englands GCSE exams have been changed. It affects Year 11 exam takers, li
3、ke me.Back in February, the GCSE exam boards（委员会）said they _2_ the amount of information _3_ need to know for the summer exams. This is due to the many interruptions（停课）in our education over the past two years. Not all schools _4_ continue teaching their students during lockdown. Reductions on the s
4、yllabus（教学大纲）came mostly as _5_ relief but also caused some confusion. We were pleased that there was _6_ material to learn, but whats been cut out is not always clear. This has caused some confusion among students.Most people in my school take at least nine GCSE exams. Five exams (English, math, ph
5、ysics, chemistry and biology) are obligatory, and another four can _7_, for example, French, philosophy, history or art. I am taking 12 GCSE exams this year, _8_ the workload（负担）can get a bit too _9_ sometimes. So my friends and I are very happy _10_ the reductions!With the final exams coming up in
6、two weeks, everyone in my year is busy _11_. Some of my friends, _12_ are super organized, are still taking on extracurricular activities! I keep reminding them that they need to give themselves breaks _13_ being too tired; it will do more damage than good! This applies to all students. _14_ you fee
7、l nervous about schoolwork, take a _15_ break to refresh your mind. It will help you be more productive!1.A. likeB. likesC. likedD. is like2.A. is reducingB. would reduceC. reduceD. will reduce3.A. theyB. weC. itD. you4.A. shouldB. mightC. couldD. had to5.A. aB. theC. anD. /6.A. lessB. fewerC. moreD
8、. much7.A. chooseB. choiceC. be chosenD. chosen8.A. butB. forC. orD. and9.A. heavilyB. heavyC. heavierD. heaviest10.A. forB. onC. toD. with11.A. studyB. to studyC. studyingD. studied12.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that13.A. to avoidB. avoidingC. avoidD. to avoiding14.A. WhereB. WhenC. HowD. What15.A. fiv
9、e-minuteB. five minuteC. five-minutesD. five minutes二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1625各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It was the start of Daylight Savings Time, the night when we all move our clocks forward an hour. I didnt want to wake up too _16_ or sleep in too late. This caused me to
10、 overthink things and _17_ during the night.I was disturbed by how quiet the room was. Although the desk fan was on low and the electric heater had kicked on and was running noisily, it still seemed strangely _18_ to me. Something seemed missing. It was only then I realized that I didnt hear a snooz
11、ing beagle snoring away.My beagle dog, Snoopy had _19_ over a year ago. As she had got older and her _20_ became worse, she had started to snore loudly when she slept. At first, I found her snoring _21_. It made it harder for me to fall asleep. Yet, as time passed, it became a blessing. She became m
12、y personal white noise machine and when I woke up during the night her snoring would _22_ me and ease me back to sleep.Now her _23_ was gone and it was so quiet. I sighed and remembered all the _24_ Snoopy had given me over the years. She never judged me, she never argued with me, and each day she g
13、ave me the gifts of laughter and unconditional love.Life is short for dogs and for us. Embrace each second of it. _25_ the pleasures it brings. Live each day like it was your last.16.A. lateB. easilyC. earlyD. simply17.A. cheer upB. wake upC. sit downD. lie down18.A. noisyB. lonelyC. busyD. quiet19.
14、A. passed awayB. fallen apartC. died outD. shown up20.A. sightB. attentionC. abilityD. health21.A. differentB. funnyC. annoyingD. interesting22.A. upsetB. exciteC. encourageD. comfort23.A. barkingB. snoringC. greetingD. chasing24.A. joyB. regretsC. friendshipD. challenges25.A. EnjoyB. UnderstandC. R
15、ecordD. Imagine三、阅读（共两节，满分35分）第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(A)For her 85th birthday, I gave my mother Susan an iPad. Shed never used a computer. She had a trying relationship with her TV remote control and a painful experience with her mobile phone. Howeve
16、r, this time she was dying to learn about the iPad. She believed that if she didnt keep up with technology, she would find herself in a computerized kitchen, “unable to open a can of soup”.Our first task was email. She quickly learned the basic rules but couldnt understand why she has to email other
17、s when she could phone or visit in person.Next, we dealt with Netflix, the widely-used video website. Mom is a movie lover and she was surprised by the number of crime movies that Netflix can offer. One Saturday, she called me because she was having trouble logging onto（登录）Netflix. I suggested it mi
18、ght require an update. “They probably have fewer people working as its a long weekend,” she told me.Later, she taught herself to learn FaceTime and started her experiments with podcasts, and even started emailing her grandchildren.As she became more familiar, she began wondering about all the icons（
19、图标）, so we set up a weekly lecture, which takes place on the phone, each of us with our iPads. One day, I tried for 45 minutes to help her find the search bar. “It looks like a magnifying glass（放大镜）,” I kept saying. Finally, she asked: “You mean the frying pan?”Unexpectedly, she made great progress.
20、 Now she becomes interested in E-books and even check them out in the middle of the night. She watches TV series and knows whats popular. Its great to see how much her confidence has grown. Yesterday, she FaceTimed me. “Ive made a decision,” she said. “Im going to learn how to operate every piece of
21、 technology in the apartment - including the TV remote.” However, I still cant wait for the day when we can sit down in person and surf the Internet together.26.Why did Susan decide to learn to use an iPad?A. To keep up with the times.B. To connect with her family.C. To better control her kitchen.D.
22、 To keep in touch with her friends.27.Which of the following shows the correct order of Susans experience?a. She began emailing her grandchildren.b. She asked the author about the search bar.c. She received an iPad as a birthday present.d. She met difficulties in logging onto the video website.e. Sh
23、e decided to learn about the technologies in the apartment.A. c-d-a-b-eB. c-e-d-a-bC. e-c-d-a-bD. e-a-d-b-c28.Which word best describes Susan?A. Honest.B. Independent.C. Curious.D. Humorous.29.What is the authors writing purpose?A. To suggest how to help the elder learn new technologies.B. To critic
24、ize modern technology as unfriendly to the elder.C. To show the importance of learning new technologies.D. To share her mothers interesting learning experiences.BWe all know there is a problem with plastic pollution. Five trillion plastic bags are used every year. One million plastic drinking bottle
25、s are bought every minute.What if we could use plastic waste to build roads? This is exactly what Toby McCartney has done.In 2019, McCartneys UK-based company, MacRebur, built the worlds first plastic road in Elgin town, Scotland. The plastic waste was made into grains and then mixed with bitumen（沥青
26、）. The road looks just like any other road. But it has improved strength and is more stretchy（有弹性的）thanks to the plastic.“Our technology can not only help solve the problem of plastic waste but also produce roads that deal better with changes in the weather, reducing cracks and holes on the roads,”
27、McCartney told the BBC.McCartneys idea came from a trip to India. “I saw people in India would put plastic waste into the holes on the roads and burn it. The plastic would melt down and cover the hole,” said McCartney.“I knew that there must be some similarities between the plastic and bitumen, whic
28、h both come from oil. Thats how I started to think about mixing them,” he said.After lots of testing, McCartney found the perfect recipe. And now his company has built many plastic roads around the world, from Australia to Europe. A one-kilometer stretch of roads uses about 684,000 plastic bottles o
29、r 1.8 million plastic bags. The road itself can be recycled at the end of its lifetime. The materials can be reused to build new roads.“Were just a small part of ending the plastic problems, but its nice to be part of it,” McCartney said. “I just dont want my daughters to live in a world where there
30、 are more plastics in our oceans than fish.”30.Compared with usual roads, which of the following are the advantages of the plastic road?a. saves moneyb. is not easy to breakc. is mixed with bitumend. is not afraid of hot weatherA. ab.B. ac.C. bc.D. bd.31.What caused McCartney to build the plastic ro
31、ad?A. Indian peoples way of fixing roads.B. His wish of reducing plastic pollution.C. His knowledge of plastic and bitumen.D. Seeing cracks and holes on roads one day.32._ plastic bottles arc needed to build a 10-kilometer stretch of plastic road.A. 684,000B. 6.84 millionC. 1.8 millionD. 18 million3
32、3.What does McCartney mean in the last paragraph?A. He is willing to offer help in reducing plastic pollution.B. Children should also join to reduce plastic pollution.C. Plastic pollution will soon be solved with his help.D. Plastic pollution is becoming more and more serious.(C)If you have problems
33、 describing people, dont worry. Well use popular film characters to help you learn some useful words.NaiveMeaning: If someone is naive, they have little experience and believe good things will always happen.Examples: In the film Elf, Buddy is a naive person who grows up with elves（精灵）. One day, he g
34、oes to New York City but finds things very different there.Director: David BerenbaumLoyalMeaning: If youre loyal, you always give support to a person or a group and help them and act honestly.Example: In the film Toy Story, Woody is loyal to his friends and owner, Andy. He stays with Andy, even when
35、 Andy grows up and goes into college.Director: John LasseterDemandingMeaning: If someone is demanding, they are not easily satisfied or pleased.Example: In the film The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda is very demanding. She always works very hard, and expects others to do the same.Director: David Frankel
36、 TalentedMeaning: If youre talented, you have a natural ability to do something well.Example: In the film McFarland, USA, coach White notices some talented runners in his PE class. He forms a cross-country group that races against other schools.Director: Niki Caro34.Who always gives support to frien
37、ds according to the films?A. David Berenbaum.B. Woody.C. Niki Caro.D. Miranda.35.If your dad expects you to work hard and always make progress, he is _.A. naiveB. loyalC. demandingD. talented36. In which part of a magazine can we read the text?A. Environment.B. Fashion.C. Language.D. Sport.(D)On Nov
38、 8, Wang Yaping, a female astronaut of Shenzhou XII mission, became Chinas first and the worlds 16th female spacewalker. The expected six-month journey in space has left many curious about the differences between male and female astronauts, especially in extravehicular（舱外的）activities (EVAs). Althoug
39、h female astronauts may face lots of physical challenges, they have unique advantages.Understanding between astronauts is very important for carrying out EVAs. Women are better in communication and language expression, and this helps female astronauts conduct EVAs. Their strong communication skills
40、and energy also cheer up the crew throughout their stay, according to Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing.Men and women are different in body size, which also gives women unique advantages for spacewalks. “Their generally smaller size is an advantage, as women will be able to control th
41、eir weight better and thus perform a wider variety of tasks,” Pang told China Daily. Women in general weigh less, eat less food, consume less oxygen, and therefore required less fuel to get into space. A taikonaut must weigh between 55 kilograms and 70 kilograms to fit in the cabin of spacecraft and
42、 consume less fuel!A different body shape requires a different spacesuit. A personalized spacesuit was prepared for Wangs EVAs, which was lighter than that of the male. Designers optimized the pattern of this spacesuit in the lower limb（下肢）area to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer fi
43、gures.According to Pang, many studies have found that female astronauts are well adapted to space missions more quickly, and have advantages over male astronauts in qualities such as attention to detail and thinking more carefully. Men are considered to perform better in short-term tasks with clear
44、goals, while women are better in long-term tasks, according to National Geographic.Womens participation in EVAs is a necessary part of space missions, and we are experiencing history thanks to Wangs bravery, according to Yang.37.Which of the following statements about Wang Yaping is TRUE?A. She is t
45、he first female space walker in the world.B. She is curious about the extravehicular activities.C. She performed some tasks that her male partners couldnt do.D. Wongs spacesuit was specially designed.38.What does the underlined word “optimize” mean in this passage?A. make something useful.B. make so
46、mething better.C. make something colourful.D. make something cheaper.39.What might be the reason why Wang Yaping was chosen to conduct EVAs?A. She faces less physical challenges.B. She has better communication skills.C. She is stronger and healthier.D. She performs better in short-term tasks.40.Whats the main idea of the article?A. The challenges female astronauts face during a spacewalk.B. The importance of female doing extravehicular activities.C. The advantages of females doing extravehicular activities.D. The preparations for the females to carry out space mission.第二节阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1