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1、译林版中考英语第一轮复习七年级下册Units 1-8知识点及练习语块集锦nextto紧邻；在旁边 sharesth.withsb. 与某人合用/分享某物befullof满是 ofonesown属于某人自己的someday某一天 takeamessage传个话；捎个口信 callsb.back回电话 atthefootof在的脚下helpsb.withsth.帮助某人某事 dosomeshopping买东西the day after tomorrow后天 worryabout.为担心bytrain/bus/ship/bike/underground乘火车/公共汽车/轮船/自行车/地铁waitam
2、inute等一会 lookforwardto期待；盼望allover到处；遍及 haveto不得不；必须alldaylong整天地 prepare.for. 为.准备haveameeting开会 lookoutat向外眺望insize在尺寸上 bereadytodosth.乐意做某事inthefuture将来 worksofart艺术品knoweachother相互了解 rowboat划船buysth.forsb.买某物给某人 liedown躺下turnleft向左拐 ontheright在右边walkalong沿着 trafficlights红绿灯goonatrip去旅行语法归纳基数词和序数
3、词1. 基数词:讨论数量,表示多少。20以下的基数词20 及以上的基数词0 -zero10=ten20=twenty21= twenty-one1-one11=cleven30= thirty22 = twenty-two2-two12-twelve40=forty23 = twenty-three3=three13-thirteen50=fifty24=twenty-four4=four14= fourteen60 = sixty25 = twenty-five5=five15=fteen70 =seventy26 = twenty-six6 =six16 -= sixteen80 =eig
4、hty27=twenty-seven7=seven17-seventeen90 = ninety28= twenty-eight8=eight18=eighteen100=hundred29 = twenty-nine9= nine19 = nineteen1,000= one thousand1,000,000= one million2. 序数词:讨论日期、楼层、位置、排名等,表示第几。 第20及以下的序数词第20以上的序数词1st= first11th = eleventh21st=twenty-first2nd = second12th = twelfth30th=thirtieth3
5、rd = third13th =thirteenth40th = fortieth4th =fourth14th = fourteenth50th = fiftieth5th=fifth15th - fifteenth60th = sixtieth6th =sixth16th = sixteenth70th= seventieth7th= seventh17th= seventeenth80th = eightieth8th = eighth18th = eighteenth90th = ninetieth9th=ninth19th = nineteenth100th = hundredth1
6、0th = tenth20th = twentieth101st = one hundred and first一般将来时基本用法一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,也可表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。常与表示将来的时间状语tomorrow,nexttime,inafewdays,nextMonday,inthefuture等连用。如：Theywillcometoseemeinafewdays. Willyoubefreetomorrow?Thesethingswillhappen.一般将来时的构成(1)“will/shall+动词原形”(注：will可用于各种人称和数；而shall只用于
7、第一人称单复数。)肯定句：主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他否定句：主语+will/shall+not+动词原形+其他.一般疑问句：Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他？(2)“begoingto+动词原形”1肯定句：主语+be动词(am/is/are)goingto+动词原形+其他.2否定句：主语+be动词(am/is/are)notgoing to +动词原形+其他.3一般疑问句：Be动词(Am/1s/Are)+主语+goingto+动词原形？【温馨提示】其他一些表示将来情况的方法：come，go，leave,arrive,start等动词可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的计划或
8、安排的事情。如：Whereareyougoingtomorrow?Therebe结构与一般将来时连用。如：TherewillbeanEnglishpartynextFridayeveninginourschool.=ThereisgoingtobeanEnglish partynextFridayeveninginourschool.名词所有格1.大多数有生命的名词所有格：情况种类构成方法1.一般情况加 “s”2.以s结尾的名词加“”3.表示两人或多人共有时只在最后一个名词后加 “s”或“”4.表示各自所有时每个名词后都要加“s”或“”3. 无生命的名词所有格名词+of+名词物主代词情况单数形
9、容词性物主代词myyourherhisits名词性物主代词mineyourshershisits情况复数形容词性物主代词ouryourtheir名词性物主代词oursyourstheirs形容词性物主代词做定语，修饰名词；名词性物主代词做主语、宾语、表语，后面不跟名词。冠词a，an与the的用法1.a用于以辅音音素开头的可数名词单数前。2.an用于以元音音素开头的可数名词单数前。3.the用于特指的或上文已提及的人或事物前。方位介词1. 常用方位介词:1.常用方位介词:in在.里面(范围内)inside在.里面,常与in互换outside在.外面,与inside相反in front of在.前
10、面in the front of在.的前面部分between在.之间(两者)among在.之间(三者或以上)on在.上面（接触）above在.上面（不接触）over在.上面（垂直）below在.下面（不接触）under在. 下面(垂直)by / beside / next to在-旁边(相邻)at在一旁边(紧挨,多用在门旁、窗旁)2. in，on，to表示地图位置时：in表示小地方在大地方的范围内。如图：A is in the south of B.on表示两个地方接壤。如图：A is on the west of B.to表示两个地方相离。如图：A is to the west of B.A
11、A AAAAA考点练习词汇过关. 根据括号所给的中文提示,正确拼写单词。1. London is the (首都) of England and its famous for Big Ben.2. You should open the window to let in some fresh (空气).3. Huangmei Opera is the (本地的) drama of Anhui Province.4. Mr Green is waiting for you now. Please (跟随) me. Ill show you the way.5. I need a(n) (安静的)
12、 place to do some reading.6. There is a high (桥) over the river behind my house.7. After dinner, we often go for a walk (沿着) the river.8. As we all know, light travels faster than (声音).9. You have to slow down as you drive around the _ (拐角).10. Our English teacher is in the teachers (办公室) at the mom
13、ent. You can find her there.语法过关基数词与序数词专练单项选择。( )1. China is a great country with a history of about five _ years. Yes. And _ of foreigners come to visit it every year.A. thousand; thousand B. thousands; thousands C. thousand; thousands D. thousands; thousand( )2. My aunt became a nurse in her _ and
14、 she still loves her job now. A. twentiesB. twentiethC. twentyD. /( )3. Dad, about _ of my classmates wear glasses. Oh, thats terrible. You should take good care of your eyes. A. three fourthsB. three fourthC. third fourthsD. three quarter( )4. The flat has _ floors and Mr Smith lives on the _ floor
15、 with his family.A. twelve; twelveB. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelfthD. twelfth; twelve( )5. Its reported that a _ girl named Wang Feilin has won more than 100 medals. She started to learn to dance at the age of _.A. 14-year-old; threeB. 14 years old; third C. 14-years-old; thirdD. 14-years-old;
16、three一般将来时专练单项选择。( )1. You can borrow this film surely you _ watching it.A. enjoyB. enjoyed C. will enjoyD. have enjoyed( )2. The coffees finished! Oh, sorry! I _ to the shop to get some.A. am goingB. was going C. wentD. have gone( )3. Lily _ for Beijing in two days.A. leavesB. left C. will leaveD.
17、has left( )4. There _ a school sports meeting next Friday. Thanks for telling me the news.A. isB. has been C. wasD. is going to be( )5. _ she play the piano at the concert? No, she _.A. Will; willB. Will; wont C. Shall; willD. Shall; wont名词所有格与物主代词专练单项选择。( )1. Look at the big and clean room. Its _.A
18、. Mary and BettyB. Marys and BettyC. Mary and BettysD. Marys and Bettys ( )2. In 1920, the _ first three-colour traffic light was put to use.A. worldB. worlds C. worldsD. worlds ( )3. The name _ my dog is Xiaobai. A. forB. byC. toD. of( )4. On _ Day, we can make a nice card as a gift for our teacher
19、.A. TeachersB. TeachersC. TeachersD. Teacher( )5. How far is it from Nanning to Shanghai? Its about three _ ride by plane.A. hourB. hours C. hoursD. hours( )6. This isnt my dictionary. _ is over there, on the desk.A. HisB. MineC. HersD. Yours( )7. Amy hid under _ desk in a hurry when the earthquake
20、happened.A. sheB. her C. hersD. herself( )8. Mikes aunt is _ English teacher. We all like _.A. our; herB. our; sheC. we; sheD. we; her( )9. Its raining outside. I forgot to bring _ umbrella. Ive got one. You can use _.A. my; mineB. mine; mine C. my; myD. mine; my ( )10. Its late autumn now. The tree
21、 has lost all of _ leaves.A. herB. hisC. itsD. my 冠词专练用a, an, the 或 / 填空。1. Taking the train is good way to see the world.2. Shall we play basketball this afternoon? Good idea! Do you have basketball?3. Tianwen-1 probe (探测器) sent first picture of Mars back to China in February, 2021.4. As teacher, i
22、ts important to be good role model for their students.5. Who is man in front of the post office? The one with umbrella? He is our English teacher.方位介词专练单项选择。( )1. Sansha, a beautiful city, lies _ the south of China.A. inB. onC. toD. at( )2. Ann is taller than me. She sits _ me in the classroom. A. b
23、etweenB. among C. fromD. behind( )3. If success is a gate, the road _ it must be made up of difficulties.A. againstB. towardsC. oppositeD. near( )4. There is a low brick wall _ the garden and the field beyond.A. throughB. aroundC. betweenD. among( )5. The apples are _ the tree. Lets pick some for ou
24、r parents.A. inB. on C. to D. by( )6. There are many bikes _ the tree. A. on B. above C. over D. under( )7. There is a stone bridge _ the river _ my house.A. over; in the front ofB. over; in front of C. below; in the front ofD. below; in front of( )8. Be careful when you walk _ the street. A. across
25、B. behindC. betweenD. under( )9. Why didnt you go to the beach to enjoy the sunshine? Didnt you see me? Oh, I just arrived late _ the beach.A. inB. atC. onD. to( )10. Do you want to go _ the forest with me? A. overB. belowC. throughD. above七年级下册Units 5-8语块集锦stop doing sth.停止做某事 as usual像往常一样sit down
26、 坐下 turn around转身；翻转on ones / the way 在路上 say to oneself 自言自语pick up拿起；举起 run away 逃离；跑开the day before yesterday前天 be afraid of 害怕not.any more 再也不；不再 hear of听说；知道theotherday那天；前几天 atthesametime同时allovertheworld遍及全世界 atleast至少as.as像一样 askfor请求hurryup赶快；快点 standup站起来；起立getaway逃脱；离开 gothrough通过putup搭起；
27、竖立 fromthenon从那时起mobilephone手机 alittle一点;少许too.to.太而不能 believeitornot信不信由你look out留神；当心 pay for为付钱save from 从中救出来 put out扑灭in hospital 住院 by the way 顺便问一下no problem 没问题 do/try ones best 尽某人最大努力do well in做得好 at the age of 在岁时take part in参加 lose ones way迷路hear from 收到来信 look after 照顾all the time一直；总是
28、grow up长大；成长语法归纳一般过去时用法一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday,last month, in 1995, three days ago等。如：They played badminton last weekend.We were in New York two months ago.一般过去时表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与often, usually,sometimes等表示频度的副词连用。如：Frank sometimes visited the museum last year.如果主句为一般过去时，宾语从句常用
29、相应的过去时态。如：Nancy asked me how I got to school.如果主句用现在完成时，since引导的从句常用一般过去时。如：Cathy hasnt phoned me since she went to Berlin.结构be动词的一般过去时肯定句：主语+was/were+其他.否定句：主语+was/were+not+其他.一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+其他？实义动词的一般过去时肯定句：主语+动词的过去时+其他.否定句：主语+didnt+动词原形+其他.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他？情态动词情态动词表示说话人对所说动作的观点，如需要、可能、意愿、怀
30、疑等。情态动词本身虽有一定的意义，但不能单独作谓语动词，必须和不带to的动词原形连用，并且情态动词没有人称和数的变化(have to 除外)。我们在初中阶段需要掌握的情态动词有can, could,may, might, must,have to, need, should,had better 等。can / could1.表示能力，意为“能；会”，could为can的过去式。2.表示请求、允许，意为“可以”。在该用法中，用could比用can语气更加委婉和客气，但答语必须用can。3.can表示推测时常用于否定句中，此时，cant意为“不可能”。could常用于肯定句中，表示不确定的推测，
31、意为“可能”。may / might1.may表示请求、许可，意为“可以”。当may表示请求时，用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句中，其否定回答不用may not，而用mustnt或cant。2.may表示推测，意为“可能；也许”。3.might表示过去的“可能”和“允许”，多用于间接引语。4.might表示现在的“可能”，其可能性比may小；表示现在的“许可”，其语气比may委婉，一般用于疑问句。must/have to1.must1)must意为“必须”，表示义务 令或必要强调主观看法，其否定式为mustnt，表示不允许；禁止”之意。在回答由must引起的一般疑问句时，肯定回答常用must.否
32、定回答常用neednt或dont have to，表示“不必”2) must用于肯定句中表示很有把握的推测，意为“一定”。2.have tohave to意为“不得不”，强调客观需要，有人称、数和时态的变化。needneed意为“需要”，作情态动词时，多用于否定句或疑问句中。在回答由need引起的一般疑问句时，肯定回答常用must，否定回答常用neednt。shouldshould意为“应该”，既可以表示义务或责任，也可以表示劝告或建议。其否定式为shouldnt，意为“不应该”感叹句( what / how)感叹句用来表达人的强烈感情的句子，常用what/how引导。有时为了简洁也可以省略主
33、语和谓语。引导词感叹对象结构(标示出来的为必要成分)what名词What +a/an+ adj.+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语土其他! ) What + adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语+其他!)如: What a clever boy he is! 多聪明的一个男孩啊! What fools! - -群傻瓜!how形容词/ 副词How + adj. adv.(+主语+谓 语+其他! ) 如: How clever the boy is! 这个男孩多聪明啊! How foolish!太傻了! How fast he runs! 他跑得真快!形容词功 能形容词主要放在名词前做定语或
34、放在系动词后 面做表语。位置 adj. +n. :She has a beautiful schoolbag. be/ look / taste I feel . + adj. : The cake tastes delicious. 不定代词+ adj. :I will tell you something important. adj. + enough : He is funny enough to make people laugh.不定代词不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。初中阶段常见的不定代词有：some,any,many，much,both,all,either,
35、neither,none,few,little,afew,a little,one,each,no,other,theother,others,theothers,another以及由some,any,every，no构成的复合不定代词(something,anything,everything,nothing,somebody,anybody,everybody,nobody,someone,anyone,everyone,noone)。1.some和any均表示“一些”，既可代替或修饰可数名词复数，也可代替或修饰不可数名词。some及some构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，any及an
36、y构成的复合不定代词一般用于否定句或疑问句中。但在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到对方的肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some及some构成的复合不定代词。如：Therearesomeapplesinthebasket.Isthereanyoneintheclassroom?Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?Iknownothingaboutthefilm.2.many和much均表示“很多”，但many只代替或修饰可数名词复数，而much只代替或修饰不可数名词。如：Many(ofthe)girlslikesinging.Hehasalreadyfinishedmuch(
37、ofhis)homework.3.both表示“两者都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式：all表示“三者或三者以上都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；either表示“两者中的任何一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；neither表示“两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；neitherof作主语时，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数；none表示“三者或三者以上中任何一个都不”，当none与可数名词复数连用或所指的是可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。如：Bothideasaregood.Allofthemagreewithme.Eitherofthebooksisworth
38、reading.Neitherofyouis/aregoodatsinging.Noneofthestudentsis/aregoingtothepark.3. few与afew，代替或修饰可数名词复数；little与alittle，代替或修饰不可数名词。few和little意为“很少；几乎没有”，侧重“否定”的含义；afew和alittle意为“有一些”，侧重“肯定”的含义。如：Itisraining,butIstillseeafewpeopleinthestreet.Heisveryhungrynow,becausehehadlittlefoodthismorning.Canyouspea
39、kEnglish?Yes,butalittle.5.one指代人或物，如果所指代的人或物是复数，则用ones来表达。如：Ilikeredrosesbetterthanwhiteones.6.each指两者或两者以上的人或物中的“每一个”，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Eachofthepicturesonthewallisverybeautiful.7.other,theother,others,theothers和another都有“别的;其他的”意思。other不能单独使用，常用来修饰可数名词复数；theother指两者中的另一个；others相当于“other+可数名词复数”，泛
40、指其他一些人或物，常与some连用，构成some.others.结构；theothers表示同类中剩余的全部；another强调同类中的“另一个；又一个”。如：Ihavetwobackpacks.Oneisred,andtheotherisblue.Therearethirtystudentsinourclass.Twentyofthemwenttothezoo,andtheothersvisitedthepark.Idontlikethishat.Pleaseshowmeanother.8.由some，any,every，no构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Somebodywantstoseeyou,sir.Iseveryoneheretoday?9. 当形容词、else或动词不定式修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时，一般位于复合不定代词的后面。如：Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythingelseyouwantmetodo?考点练习词汇过关. 根据括号所给的中文提示,正确拼写单词。1. Miss Liu will teach us English in the new (学期). 2. Susan felt there was something