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1、Lesson22Lesson24 教材知识详解1. How happy they were! 他们多么快乐啊!此句是由how引导的感叹句，表示说话时的惊异、喜悦、气愤等情绪。英语中的感叹句大多数用what 或how引导。how引导的感叹句的结构：(1)How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语！如：How nice the girl is! 这个女孩多好啊！(2)How+形容词+a/an+可数名词的单数形式+主语+谓语！如：How useful a subject they are learning! 他们正在学的科目多么有用啊！(3)How+主语+谓语！如：How time flies! 时间过得真快
2、啊！what引导的感叹句的结构：(1) What+a(an)+形容词+可数名词单数形式+主语+谓语！如：What a beautiful girl she is! 她是一个多么漂亮的女孩啊！(2)What+形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语！如：What important jobs they have done! 他们做了多么重要的工作啊！2.One morning as the giant was lying awake in his bed, he heard lovely music coming through the window.一天早上，当巨人在床上清醒地躺着的时候，他听见了
3、来自窗外的美妙音乐。lie v.躺，平放，说谎。如：The man lies on the top of the house.那个男人躺在房上。【注意】lie的意思不同，过去式及过去分词也不同，用法如下：原形过去式过去分词现在分词lie(躺）laylainlyinglay放置，产(卵)laidlaidlayinglie(说谎）liedliedlying如：He was lying in the shade of the tree.他正躺在树荫下。She lay down on her bed.她躺在床上。Im sorry I lied to you.很抱歉我向你撒谎了。Lay it on th
4、e table.把它放在桌子上。awake作形容词时，意为“醒着的”，常用在系动词的后面作表语，但不能用作定语。awake不能用very修饰，但可以用wide修饰。如：I lay awake thinking about what had happened.我清醒地躺着，思索着发生的事。He was wide awake.他是完全清醒的。3. He thought it must be the kings musicians passing by.他认为一定是国王的乐师经过。must肯定，一定，表示有较大把握的推测，若表示否定推测，则用cant。如：That house must be ver
5、y old.那所房子一定很古老了。4. Along with them came the spring.春天随着他们也来了。这是一个倒装句式，伴随状语along with them放在句首起强调作用，然后是谓语动词，最后是主语。如：Away with me went upstairs. 和我一起到楼上去了。5. As soon as the children came back to the garden, spring returned with them.孩子们一回到花园，春天就到了。此句含有由As soon as引导的状语从句。as soon as意为“就”，是连词词组，当主句为一般将来
6、时时，as soon as引导的状语从句用一般现在时代替将来。6. Which do you prefer to write, poems or stories?你更喜欢写哪个，诗还是故事？prefer v.更喜欢，宁愿。如：一Do you like apples?你喜欢苹果吗？一Yes, but I prefer oranges.喜欢，但是我更喜欢橘子。(l) prefer +(not) to do sth.意为“宁愿（不）做某事”，prefer后接动词不定式。如：I prefer to go swimming this afternoon. 我今天下午宁愿去游泳。(2) prefer +s
7、b.十(not) to do sth.意为“宁愿某人（不）做某事”，在意义上相当于would like sb. (not) to do sth.。如：I prefer you not to go to work today.我宁愿你今天不去上班。(3) prefer+ n. (pron. )/v. -ing +to+ n (pron. )/v.-ing 意为“宁愿（做）而不愿（做）。如：I prefer the quiet countryside to the noisy cities.我喜欢安静的乡村胜过喧闹的城市。(4) prefer to do sth. rather than do s
8、th.相当于 would rather do sth. than do sth.，意为“宁愿做某事，而不愿做某事”。如：He preferred to telephone her rather than write to her.他宁愿给她打电话，也不愿给她写信。7. At the beginning, I was afraid to try writing a poem.开始的时候，我害怕尝试写诗。try doing sth.意为“尝试做某事”。try to do sth.表示“想、打算做某事，努力做某事”。如：I try working out the problem.我试着解出这个问题。I tried to move the stone, but I failed.我尽力搬动石头，但是没搬动。 3 / 3