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1、高中英语语法学习/复习讲义虚拟语气语法知识点讲义18【精讲版全国通用】宾语从句用虚拟语气的10种类型知识点总结一、I wish后的宾语从句动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；若表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词；若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would (could)动词原形。如：I wish I could be of some use.我希望我能有什么用处。We wish he didnt smoke.我们希望他不吸烟。I wish price
2、s would come down.我希望物价能降下来。I wish the train would come.我希望火车会来。二、表示“坚持”后的宾语从句主要是指insist的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：I insisted that he (should) stay.我坚持要他留下。He insisted that I (should) go with them.他坚持要我同他们一起去。Rose insisted that he be present.罗斯坚持要他出席。The detective insisted th
3、at he should have a look.警探坚持要查看。注意：动词insist后接宾语从句时，除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气，两者的区别是：若谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。比较：He insisted that I had read his letter.他坚持说我看过他的信。He insisted that I should read his letter.他坚持要我看他的信。三、表示“命令”后的宾语从句主要是指order, command的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”
4、构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：He ordered that it (should) be sent back.他命令把它送回去。Thejudge ordered that the prisoner should be remanded.法官命令被告还押。The King ordered that the man be released.国王命令释放那人。He commanded that we (should) attack at once.他命令我们立即发起进攻。四、表示“建议”后的宾语从句主要是指advise, suggest, propose, recommen
5、d等的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：He suggested that we should leave early.他建议我们早点动身。The doctor advised that he change his job.医生劝他换工作。They recommend that this tax be abolished.他们建议取消这种税。I suggest that we (should) have lunch right now.我建议我们现在就吃午饭。The committee proposed (that) Mr. D
6、ay be elected.委员会建议推选戴先生。The doctor advised suggested that he (should) not smoke.医生建议他不要抽烟。I propose that the matter be put to the vote at once.我提议对此问题立刻进行表决。He proposed that Mr. OLeary be the chairman.他提议奥列利先生担任主席。She suggested that I (should) be responsible for the arrangements.她建议我来负责进行安排。注意：与动词i
7、nsist相似，动词suggest后接宾语从句时，除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气，两者的区别也是：若谓语动词所表示的情况尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气，此时suggest通常译为“建议”；若谓语动词所表示的情况为既成事实，则要用陈述语气，此时的suggest通常译为“表明”、“认为”。比较并体会：He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner.他建议我们留下吃饭。What he said suggested that he was a cheat.他说的话表明他是个骗子。I suggested that you had a secret underst
8、anding with him.我觉得你与他心照不宣。五、表示“要求”后的宾语从句主要是指ask, demand, require, request等后的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：I ask that he leave.我要求他走开。He requires that I (should) appear.他要求我出场。They require that I go at once.他们要求我立刻走。I demand that John (should) go there at once.我要求约翰立即到那里去。I reque
9、sted that he should use his in fluence on my behalf.我请求他为我施用他的影响。The asked that the message be given to Madame immediately.他要求把信息立即带给夫人。They demanded that the right to vote be given to every adult man.他们要求给予每个成年男子以选举权。六、表示“提议”“投票”后的宾语从句主要是指move, vote等后的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略
10、。如：I move that we accept the proposal.我提议通过这项提案。Mr. Chairman, I beg to move that the meeting be adjourned.主席先生，我提议休会。Congress has voted that the present law be maintained.国会投票决定维持现在这条法律。Claudel moved that Norwood should be made a member of the committee.克洛戴尔提出动议，让诺伍德当一名委员。七、表示“敦促”后的宾语从句主要是指动词urge后的宾
11、语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：He urges that the restrictions be lifted.他敦促取消这些限制。He urged that they go to Europe.他敦促他们到欧洲去。He urged that the rates should be reduced.他敦请减轻捐税。He urged that the matter should go to arbitration.他极力主张这件事要提交仲裁。They urged that relief work should be given
12、priority.他们敦促将救济工作放在优先位置。八、表示“安排”后的宾语从句主要是指动词arrange后的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：He arranged that I should go abroad.他安排我去国外。I arranged that Tom should meet them.我安排好叫汤姆去接他们。They arranged that the minister should be met at the airport.他们安排在机场迎接这位部长。It was arranged that they sh
13、ould leave the following spring.已安排好他们第二年春天离开。Theyve arranged that I should absent myself for part of the meeting.他们安排好让我一部分时间不在开会现场。九、表示“希望”“打算”后的宾语从句主要是指动词desire, intend后的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：She desires that he do it.她希望他做此事。They intended that the news (should) be suppressed.他们打算封锁这条消息。I desire the patient should have a bath every day.我希望病人每天洗澡。十、表示“指示”后的宾语从句主要是指动词direct后的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：The general directed that the prisoners should be set free.将军指示释放那些俘虏。