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1、20202020 年高一英语下学期期末语法填空讲解练习年高一英语下学期期末语法填空讲解练习Directions:Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passagecoherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in eachblank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that
2、best fits each blank.(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)第一篇第一篇Government officials and journalists gather in a conference hall.One personstands on the stage 1._(explain)policies and answering questions from themedia.This is what usually happens at a press conference 2._(hold)by a pressspokesperson.Press spo
3、kespersons are the 3._(bridge)between differentlevels of government,the media and the public.Chinas press spokesperson systemstarted in 1983.As of today,the different departments of Chinas 4._(center)and local governments have 244 press spokespersons altogether.But why do we need press spokespersons
4、?It is 5._(main)because thepublic,when dealing with large amounts of information,needs an official voice6._(tell)them the truth and prevent rumors,according to Peoples Daily.Inaddition,press spokespersons are also a window into our country for the media,especially for the foreign media.To be success
5、ful,spokespersons need to have deep knowledge of the policiesand news they are discussing.7._ dealing with the media,spokespersons alsoneed to think quickly and express themselves clearly.A press spokespersons aim is8._(offer)sincere and equal communication.Through their efforts,we canlearn more abo
6、ut society and the country we live in.As press spokespersons,how to deliver the information more 9._(effective)?Here are two requirements.First,spokespersons should not speak irresponsiblyabout matters that they are not totally sure about.They must make sure that theirfacts and figures are correct.s
7、econd,spokespersons should be creative.They10._(encourage)to use Internet slang,new media and quotable lines to helpthem reach more people as long as they are factually correct.【答案】1.explaining2.held3.bridges4.central5.mainly6.to tell7.When8.to offer9.effectively10.areencouraged【解析】新闻发言人的职责是什么？1.非谓语
8、动词，动词的现在分词作方式状语，表示伴随的状态，explaining2.非谓语动词，动词的故去分词作后置定语，表示被动，held3.根据前后提示，此处为名词复数，bridges4.中央和地方政府，形容词，中央的，central5.副词修饰整个句子，mainly6.非谓语动词，动词不定式作宾语补足语，to tell7.当和媒体打交道时,when8.目的是.the aim is to do.，to offer9.副词修饰动词，effectively10.一般现在时的被动语态，are encouraged第二篇第二篇A handsome man can earn a fifth 1._(much)t
9、han a plainer colleague but abeautiful woman is not paid a penny more than her average-looking colleague,new research has shown.The study by senior economists found that 2._(be)good-looking meant maleworkers could earn 22 percent more than average-looking colleagues.Researcherssaid good looks did no
10、t give women a similar advantage.Andrew Leigh,an economics professor who co-authored the report,said:“Beauty can be a double-edged sword for women.”“Some people still believegood looks and 3._(intelligent)are incompatible in women so a good-lookingwoman cant be very 4._(product),but it doesnt affect
11、 mens pay.”Hesaid that 5._ he believed good-looking women may also earn more,theresearch did not support his theory.The research found that handsome men in all jobs,from manual labour tohighly-paid 6._(profession)careers,can earn 22 percent more than theircolleagues 7._(do)the same work.Men with bel
12、ow-average looks face a battlein the office,with ugliness reducing a mans earnings by 26 percent8._(compare)to an average-looking worker.The study,named Unpacking the Beauty Premium,was 9._(large)exerciseof its kind and repeated a survey from 1984 to see if the beauty premium hadchanged.Leigh said t
13、he research showed people in the workplace were“lookist(以貌取人的)”and he hoped the 10._(find)would encourage employers toremove their prejudice.【答案】pared9.the largest10.findings【解析】同样的工作，颜值高的男人比颜值一般的男人挣得多，而女人却并非如此。1.后面的 than 提示前面的形容词要用比较级，more2.动名词作宾语从句的主语，being3.and 连接两个并列的成分，good looks 好的容貌 and intel
14、ligence4.形容词，多产的，富有成效的，productive5.他相信高颜值的女性也会挣得更多，但研究结果却不支持他的观点。此处要表达的是“虽然.但是.”though6.职业生涯，professional7.非谓语动词，动词的现在分词作定语，表示主动，doing8.与.相比，compared to.9.后面的 of its kind，可知前面的形容词应用最高级，the largest10.名词，发现，findings第三篇第三篇We have 1._(many)friends at the age of 26 after having spent the firstquarter of
15、our 2._(life)building up our friendship circle,a new research hasclaimed.The research into friendship shows that our social circle peaks at 26 years and 7months,at which we 3._(typical)have five close friends.Women are mostpopular at 25 years and 10 months,with men 4._(hit)the highest friendship poi
16、nta little later at 27 years and 3 months.The research,by Forever Friends,shows that about a 5._(three)of adultsmeet their closest friends when at school,with about a fifth saying they meet themat work.Social networks such as Facebook and Twitter now also play a major role in6._(build)new friendship
17、.The research points out that 25 to 34-year-olds make22 friends via Facebook,7._(compare)to 18 to 24-year-olds who make 12,and35 to 44-year-olds who make just 4.Forever Friends relationship coach Sam Owen says,“It is no coincidence thatover a third of us meet our best friends at school.It is a key t
18、ime in our lives whenfriendship is growing through sharing notes,giving gifts,seeing eachother8._(regular)and laughing a lot.As adults we often forget 9._ powerful thesesmall things are and how the little things can make a difference.”Later in life we find ourselves losing friends.Over half of us lo
19、se friendship throughmoving,while 36%say that over time they grow apart 10._ close pals.Havingchildren also causes 19%to drift away from childhood friends.【答案】1.most2.lives3.typically4.hitting5.third6.building pared8.regularly9.how10.from【解析】人们在哪个年龄段时朋友最多。1.根据后面的提示，我们在 26 岁时拥有最多的朋友，most2.我们度过了生命中的四分
20、之一，life 需要变成复数，lives3.副词修饰整个句子，typically4.with 复合结构，作方式状语，动词的现在分词表示主动，hitting5.三分之一，third6.发挥重要作用，play a role in doing.，building7.与.相比，compared to.8.副词修饰动词，regularly9.感叹句的引导词，how10.grow apart from.与.分离，from第四篇第四篇There is a popular 1._(say)in the English language:“Sticks and stones maybreak my bones,
21、but words will never hurt me.”Well,that is not true.2._(kind)words,name-calling or even the so-called“the silent treatment”can hurt childrenas much as being 3._(physical)hit,sometimes even more so.A recent study of middle school children showed that verbal abuse by otherchildren can harm 4._(develop
22、)in the brain.The study was a project ofresearchers at Harvard Medical School in Massachusetts.Researcher Martin Teicherand his team studied young adults,5._(age)18 to 25.These young men andwomen had not ever been treated in a cruel or violent way by their parents.Theresearchers asked the young peop
23、le to rate their childhood 6._(expose)toverbal abuse from both parents 7._ other children.Then the researchersperformed imaging tests on the brains of the subjects.The images showed that the people who reported suffering verbal abuse from8._(peer)in middle school had underdeveloped connections betwe
24、en the leftand right side of the brain.The two sides of the brain are connected by a largebundle of connecting fibers called the corpus callosum.This was the area that wasunderdeveloped.The middle school years are a time 9._ these brain connections aredeveloping.So,unkind,hurtful comments from child
25、ren or adults during this periodhave 10._(great)effect.【答案】1.saying2.Unkind3.physically4.development5.aged6.exposure7.and8.peers9.when10.the greatest【解析】语言的伤害不比身体的伤害少，有时甚至伤害更大。1.名词，谚语，saying2.不友善的话语，unkind,放在句首，首字母要大写，Unkind3.副词修饰动词，physically4.其他孩子的言语侮辱会伤害大脑的发育，名词，development5.形容词，年纪为.岁的，aged6.接触到，
26、暴露于，exposed to.7.both.and.，.和.都.8.同龄人，名词复数，peers9.定语从句，先行词为 a time，关系词在定语从句中做状语，when10.根据本文的主题，此处为形容词最高级，the largest第五篇第五篇At your next meeting,wait for a pause in conversation and try 1._(measure)how long it lasts.Among English speakers,chances are that it will be a second or two at2._(many).But whi
27、le this pattern may be universal,our awareness of silencediffers 3._(dramatic)across cultures.4._one culture considers a confusingor awkward pause may be seen by others as valuable moment of reflection and asign of respect for what the last speaker has said.Research in Dutch and also inEnglish found
28、 that when silence in conversation stretches 5._ four seconds,people start to feel uneasy.In contrast,a separate study of business meetings foundthat Japanese people are happy with silence of 8.2 secondsnearly 6._(two)aslong as in American meetings.In Japan,it 7._(recognize)that the best communicati
29、on is when you dontspeak at all.In the US,it may originate from the history of colonial America as acrossroads of many different 8._(race).When you have a couple of differences,its hard 9._(establish)common understanding unless you talk and theresunderstandably a kind of anxiety unless people are ve
30、rbally engaged to establish acommon life.This applies also to some extent 10._ London.In contrast,when theres more homogeneity(同种族),perhaps its easier for somekinds of silence to appear.For example,among your closest friends and family itseasier to sit in silence than with people youre less well acq
31、uainted with.【答案】1.to measure2.most3.dramatically4.What5.to6.twice7.is recognized8.races9.to establish10.to【解析】开会发言或公共演讲时，中间停顿多长时间合适？1.try to do.企图去做某事，试着去做某事，to measure2.最多，at most3.副词修饰动词，显著地不同，dramatically4.主语从句，在一种文化中被认为是令人尴尬的中断在另外一种文化中会被认为是反思的时间。主语从句的引导词，表示.的事，what5.stretch to.延长到.6.几乎是在美国人的会议中
32、的两倍，ice7.一般现在时的被动语态，is recognized8.不同的种族，races9.动词不定式作主语，it 是形式主语，to establish10.适用于.apply to.第六篇第六篇The McDonald family were on holiday in Western Australia when their vehiclebroke down in a desert area.This happened on Tuesday,and the McDonalds wereexpected 1._(arrive)in the city of Kalgoorlie on W
33、ednesday evening.Whenthey did not show up,Mrs McDonalds brother told the local police.A spokesperson from the rescue team 2._ discovered the McDonaldsvehicle said that the family planned 3._(careful)for their desert trip.They knewthat they needed to stay with their vehicle instead of setting out 4._
34、(see)help,and they did the right thing by lighting a fire 5._ a signal to attract attention.6._ it comes to making a desert trip,the spokesperson also suggested7._(bring)warm clothing for the cold nights and light clothing,hats,andsunscreen for the hot days.8._,travelers should have a well-stocked s
35、urvival kitincluding a first-aid kit,map,matches or lighter,and a knife.They should also makesure to pack plenty of food and water,spare tires,and fuel.The spokespersonsfinal suggestion was to tell a friend or family member about your travel plans.After the 9._(pleasant)experience,John McDonald told
36、 reporters that hehad read quite a lot about desert survival 10._ coming to Australia.He knew thatif they had tried to walk to the nearest town,they would not have been able tocarry enough water and that they had to cut down on what they ate,becausedigestion requires a great deal of water.【答案】1.to a
37、rrive2.that3.carefully4.to see5.as6.When7.bringing8.Besides9.unpleasant 10.before【解析】旅游受困，看看这家人如何脱险？1.be expect to do.预期做某事，to arrive2.定语从句，先行词为 the rescue team，关系词在定语从句中担任主语，that3.副词修饰动词，carefully4.动词不定式表目的，to see5.生火作为信号来吸引注意力，作为，as6.当谈及.，when it comes to.，放在句首，首字母要大写，When7.建议做某事，suggest doing.bri
38、nging8.进行沙漠旅行的话，救援队发言人建议带上保暖和轻便的服装，此外，他还建议带上储备充足的救生箱，除此以外还，Besides9.在这次令人不快的旅行后，unpleasant10.介词，在.之前，before第七篇第七篇In 1975,George Carlin appeared on a popular TV show,Saturday Night Live,withhis famous 1._(word)about blue food.“Why is there no blue food?I cantfind blue foodI cant find the flavor of bl
39、ue!I mean yellow is lemon;orange isorange and red is cherry.Where is the blue food?”Well,Carlin pretty much has it rightthere is not blue food,but theres certainlynot a lot of it.Fresh-picked blueberries are blue,2._ they become purple whenthey 3._(turn)into jam.The blue in blueberrieslike the purpl
40、e in grapes and redin tomatoesis found in nature.But it isnt a hot color for food.People dont seem4._(prefer)blue food.Some diet programs even suggest that those determinedto lose weight 5._(make)their food blue.Eating 6._(part)begins with our eyes.Charles Spencean experimentalpsychologist from Oxfo
41、rd Universitypoints out that color can change our tasteexperience.Commonly,we consider red-colored foods up to 20%7._(sweet)than they actually are;and green foods as being more sour.Spence suggests:human 8._(expect)may be influenced by our long history ofwatchinggreen fruits can become sweet as they
42、 grow up and turn red.But what about blue?Except blueberries,much of the blue food we see thesedays is dyed blue 9._(artificial).Food producers argue that artificial colordoesnt do much damage 10._ health.A lot of research shows that somephysical problems of kids are related to food dyes while other
43、 studies show noeffects at all.Blue birthday cake or even blue-dyed chicken can be served on thedinner table.【答案】1.words2.though3.are turned4.to prefer5.make/should make6.partly7.sweeter 8.expectations9.artificially10.to【解析】蓝色的食物1.words，话语，说过的话2.虽然新鲜采摘的蓝莓是蓝色的，但是制成果酱之后他们会变成紫色。虽然.但是.though3.一般现在时被动语态，
44、are turned4.seem to do.，仿佛.to prefer5.虚拟语气用在宾语从句中，主句中的动词为 suggested，宾语从句中的谓语动词为make/should make6.副词修饰动词，partly7.后面的 than 提示前面的形容词要用比较级，sweeter8.人类的期望，名词期望，需要变成复数，expectations9.副词修饰动词，artificially10.对.造成危害，do damage to.第八篇第八篇The world itself is becoming much smaller because of the use of modern traff
45、icandmoderncommunicationmeans.Lifetodayismucheasierthanit1._(be)hundreds of years ago.2._ it has brought new problems.One of3._(big)problems is pollution.Pollution comes in many 4._(form).We seeit,smell it,drink it and we even hear it.Man has been polluting the earth.The more people,the more polluti
46、on.Manyyears ago,the problem was not so serious 5._there were not so many people.When the land 6._(use)up or the river was dirty in one place,man moved to7._(other)place.But this is no longer true.Man is now slowly polluting the wholeworld.Air pollution is still the most serious.Its bad for all livi
47、ng things in the world.Waterpollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water.Noise pollution makes8._(we)becomeangrymoreeasily.Manycountriesaremakingrules9._(fight)pollution.They stop people from 10._(burn)coal in houses andfactories in the city,and putting dirty smoke into the air.【答案】1.was
48、2.But3.the biggest4.forms5.because6.was used7.another8.us9.to fight10.burning【解析】现代的交通和通讯方式在为我们带来便利的同时，也带来很多的问题。1.hundreds years ago，一般现在时态，was2.转折连词，但是，But3.最大的问题就是污染，形容词的最高级，the biggest4.以很多种形式，in many forms5.很多年前，污染不严重，因为人口没有那么多。连词，因为，because6.一般过去时的被动语态，was used7.人们会歉意到其他的地方，其他的，后面的名词为单数，another
49、8.动词后的人称代词需要变成宾格，us9.动词不定式表示目的，to fight10.stop somebody from doing.，burning第九篇第九篇The tea culture of China is 1._(amaze)and has a long history.Tea drinkingwas widespread in China for about one thousand years 2._appearing inEurope.Tea drinking in China enjoys wide popularity.Many people nowadays goto3
50、._(expensive)decorated teahouses to talk business.However,tea drinking isvery complex.Many factors contribute to the enjoyable experience.It starts with the4._(surround).In the past,tea drinking took place in a setting 5._springwater runs on marble.At present,in order to create such atmosphere,teaho