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1、第五单元 换续法,definition,英语和汉语在语法结构上有许多差别。翻译时根据译文的语言习惯，对原文的词序进行调整，使译文做到最大程度上的通顺，这就是换序译法。,【原则】：汉语通常是按一定的逻辑顺序, 由原因到结果、由假设到推论、由条件到结果的次序有先有后、有主有次逐层叙述。英语通常开门见山，直奔主题，然后再作解释。,Illustrative examples in E-C translation,Dont scamp your work because you are pressed for time. 不要因时间紧（工作）就马马虎虎。 When the air moves it is
2、 called wind. 当空气流动就叫做风， 空气流动就产生风。 Accounts are given of huge mountains sinking, of former plains seen heaved aloft, of fires flashing out amid the ruin. 如下事实被记载下来，大山沉陷，平原隆起，火焰喷射，周围是一片废墟，这些都有记载。,Illustrative Examples in C-E translation,这个工厂有男工200人，女工250人，干部职员48人，共有员工约500人。 The factory has a staff of
3、 about 500 people, including 200 men-workers, 250 women-workers and 48 cadres and functionaries. 我们要建立门类齐全、结构合理、能够满足社会消费和国民经济发展需要的先进的工业。 We shall establish an advanced industrial system which is complete in ranges and rational in structure and which meets the needs of consumers and the expansion of
4、the national economy.,我们要建立农林牧副渔布局合理、全面发展、能够满足人民生活和工业发展需要的发达的农业。 We shall build up a developed agricultural system with a rational distribution and all-round development of farming, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline occupations and fisheries meeting the needs of the people and of an expanded indu
5、stry.,In doing C-E translation, sometimes it is necessary to invert order to avoid anti-climax. Anti-climax, which means the sudden transition in writing or speaking from a significant idea to a much less forceful idea or to a ludicrous idea, should be avoid in a piece of serious writing. In English
6、 a series of expressions or phrases is to be arranged in ascending order of rhetorical forcefulness (that is called climax), which is thought to be in keeping with the natural order.,从杭州（1）坐旅游车（2）向西南走（3）大约三小时左右（4）可以到达（5）一个叫瑶琳仙境的（6）旅游胜地（7）。 There is a tourist attraction (7) called Yaolin Wonderland(6
7、) which you can reach(5) in about 3 hours(4) by going south west(3) by tourist bus(2) from Hangzhou. (This is a phenomenon of “mirror symmetry” and a typical example of inversion.), for aught we know(1), other parts of the cosmos may contain beings as superior to ourselves(2) as we are jelly-fish(3)
8、. 顺译：也未可知，宇宙的其它部分可能存在着比我们自己更为优越的生命，就像2我们比水母更为优越一样。 倒译：如同人类之优于水母（海蜇）一样（3），宇宙中别的地方可能存在着比人类更高级的动物（2），只是我们尚未知晓而已。,About 1840, a canal was constructed across the meadows of the Marsh Farm. 大约1840年，横穿马什农场的草地开凿了一条新的运河。（主语换序） Its good youre so considerate. 你想得这样周到是很好的。（主语从句换序） Even the wild animals of his h
9、omeland, it seemed to Kunta, had more dignity than these creatures. 昆塔觉得，即使他家乡的野兽也比这群人自尊自重。（插入语换序）,Cheerful, efficient and warm-hearted, they will do everything to make your journey smooth and comfortable. 他们乐观、能干、热情，总是想方设法使你一路上顺利舒适。（状语换序）,在那场战争中，这道城墙开始出现许多 裂痕。 Many cracks began to appear on the city wall during the war. (主语换序) 会议没能取得一致意见就结束了。 The meeting ended in disagreement. (状语换序),