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1、初一英语知识点(下册)1.Could I use your pen?2.listen to sb listen carefully 3.be careful=look out 4.go home go to work go to bed go to school go to the classroom 5.February the eighteenth 6.Could you help me?Sure/Certainly/Of course 7.It has no eyes or ears.=It doesnt have eyes or ears.=It has no eyes and no
2、ears 8.Guess what it is.Guess how old he is.9.Heavy(反)light Empty(反)full Hungry(反)full 10.be full of The box is full of books.full of Please give her the bag full of apples.11.so young a boy=such a young boy 12.Let me help you carry it.13.want sth want to do sth want sb to do sth 14.All the students
3、 are good.Both my hands are clean All of the students are good Both of my hands are clean.The students are all good.My hands are both clean.He gives all of us eggs.He gives both of us eggs.15.A bottle of A basket of A cup of A bag of 16.Are all the things in the car now?17.He is away.put away You sh
4、ould put your things away.=You should put away your things.18.What else can you see?=What other things can you see?something else 19.The other+单数=the other 两者中另一The other+复数=the others 其余Other+复数=others 另外Another+单数=another 三者以上另一20.My bike is broken.21.get down get up get sth for sb get home get th
5、ere get to school get to the shop 22.Whats wrong?Whats wrong with sb/sth?23.in the tree on the tree 24.Dont worry.worry about sb/sth=be worried about sb/sth I worry about my study.=I am worried about my study.25.I think so I dont think so e this way 27.thank goodness 28.mend the bike 29.knife(pl)kni
6、ves 30.There is no picture.31.I have no books.=I dont have any books.=I havent books.32.Thank you very much=Thank you a lot-Thats OK/Thats all right/Its my pleasure/Youre welcome 33.34.反义词同（近）义词同音词Hungry-full Easy-hard High-low Tall short Close-open Closed-open Cheap-expensive A lot=very much What a
7、bout=How about Fast-quick Fast-quickly Put on-take off Expensive-dear Write-right 35.Its time for supper=Its time to have supper.36.have some water 37.Whats your favourite food?38.区分可数名词与不可数名词可数名词不可数名词1.可用 a/an,数词修饰，有复数a book,a cake1.不 能 用 a/an,数 词 修饰，无复数2.可用 some,any,a lot of(lots of)修饰some books,a
8、ny cakes a lot of pears2.可用 some,any,a lot of(lots of)修饰some food,any meat a lot of rice3.专门修饰可数名词复数的有 many,few,a few many books,a few eggs3.专门修饰不可数名词的 有much,little,a little much water,a little money4.可用计量词修饰，用复数a basket of eggs 4.可用计量詞修饰a cup of tea two glasses of juice 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页
9、，共 7 页 -two boxes of books many bags of pears many bags of rice a kilo of meat 39.would like sth=want sth I would like an apple=I want an apple.Would you like an apple?=Do you want an apple?I wouldnt like an apple=I dont want an apple.40.would like to do sth=want to do sth Id like to go home.=I want
10、 to go home.41.What would you like?42.something to drink something to eat something to play nothing to eat 43.a piece of 44.have some/much/no time to do sth I have no time to go home for lunch.45.have sports=do sport 46.be good at sth=do well in sth be good at doing sth=do well in doing sth 47.play
11、basketball play football play volleyball 48.pass sth to sb=pass sb sth I pass a book to him.=I pass him a book.pass sth on to sb=pass on sth to sb 49.Let me try try sth on=try on sth try to do sth 50.want a go 51.throw sth away 52.fly a kite 53.Throw it like this.Dont throw it like that.54.情态动词的用法ca
12、n must could 1.无 人 称和 数的 变化，后接动词原形He can swim.I can swim.They can swim.2.否 定 句在 情态 动词加 not He cant swim.I cant swim.3.疑 问 句情 态动 词提前Can he swim?Can you swim?4.回 答一 般 用 情态动词，有些特殊的Could you help me?Sure Could I borrow your pen?-Certainly,here you are.55.a basketball fan 56.basketball player 57.on the s
13、chool football team 58.every day every Friday every Friday morning 59.现在进行时（一）结构be+Ving 肯定句：He is reading a book.否定句：He isnt reading a book.一般疑问句：Is he reading a book?肯定回答：Yes,he is 否定回答：No,he isnt（二）Ving 的变法1.一般加 ing,looking,doing,playing 2.以不发音的 e结尾，去掉 e加 ing skating,making,living 3.以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有
14、一个辅音字母,双写此辅音字母加ing putting,running,getting,beginning,swimming,forgetting,hitting,sitting,traveling,preferring,cutting,shopping（三）用法1.说话时正在进行-Where is Tom?He is over there-He is having a class.2.现阶段正在进行What are you doing these days?-I am playing football these days.3.有如下标志词：now,Look,Listen We are hav
15、ing lunch now.Look,Tom is playing volleyball.Listen,He is singing.4.表示将来Im coming.He is going shopping 60.do ones homework 61.read a book watch TV watch a football match look at the blackboard see a film see a doctor 62.draw a picture 63.talk with sb talk about sth Say接说的内容Say it in English Say“Hell
16、o”to sb say sth to sb Speak 说 话，说 某种语言He can t speak Dont speak to me.speak French Talk with sb about sth 讨论，谈论Im talking about the film with Jim.Tell 讲述，判断I can tell the difference between them.Tell sb sth 64.close the door open the door 65.take photos 66.穿衣服单词后接衣服表状态Wear 穿着He is wearing a coat.He
17、often wears a hat.In 穿着He is in a coat.The man in a hat is Li 表动作Put on 穿上Put on your coat.Put your coat on 不接衣服表动作Dress穿 Dress sb Dress oneself 67.一般现在时（一）结构含系动词be 按口诀，表示现在的状态肯定句：He is eleven.否定句：He isnt eleven.疑问句：Is he eleven?肯定回答：Yes,he is.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 7 页 -否定回答：No,he isnt 含行为动
18、词当主语是第一、二人称或复数肯定句：动词用原形I go to school early.否定句：在动词前加dont I dont go to school early.疑问句：在句子前加Do Do you go to school early?肯定回答：Yes,I do.否定回答：No,I dont 当主语是第三人称单数肯定句：动词变单数He goes to school early.否定句：在动词前加doesn t,动词改原形He doesn t go to school early.疑问句：在句子前加Does,动词改原形Does he go to school early?肯定回答：Yes
19、,he does.否定回答：No,he doesn t（二）用法表示现在的状态I am here.-Where is Jim?-He is over there.表示习惯性或经常发生的动作常有 sometimes,often,never,every day/week,every morning等标志词（三）动词变单数1.一般加 s,looks,likes,takes 2.以 s,x,ch,sh,o结尾加 es watches,passes,goes,does 3.以辅音加 y 结尾，改 y 为 I 加 es studies,carries,4.不规则 have-has 68.go to the
20、 shop go shopping 69.at this time of day 70.What day is it today?-Its Monday.71.Whats the time?Its ten.-What time is it?Its ten.72.Its open 24 hours.73.an English-Chinese dictionary 74.give sth back to sb give back sth to sb I give some money back to her=I give back some money to her.75.next Monday
21、76.give sb a hand=help sb Can you give me a hand?=Can you help me?77.in the evening=at night 78.May I speak to Jim?=Speaking 79.Theres something wrong with the bike.Theres nothing wrong with the kite.=There isnt anything wrong with the kite 80.after class after school 81.help sb with sth help sb do
22、sth help sb to do sth 82.have a(good)rest 83.It takes sb some time to do sth It takes me an hour to do my homework.It takes time.84.I use a bike to go to school.=I go to school by bike I use a knife to cut a cake.=I cut a cake with a knife 85.at No.14 Middle School 86.have sth to do 87.on Monday on
23、Tuesday morning on Wednesday afternoon on the night of Thursday in the morning 88.Can I get you something to drink?=Can I get something to drink for you?89.have a big breakfast 90.three or four eggs 91.Thats all.Is that all?92.worry about sb/sth be worried about sb/sth Dont worry about him.=Dont be
24、worried about him.93.How big is it?-Its about this big.94.It looks very much like yours.He looks very much like his father.95.What does that say?-It says“closed”.96.learn sth from sb He learns English from me.97.bring sth back 98.99.国家首都人语言The PRC/China Beijing Chinese Chinese The USA/American Washi
25、ngton American English Canada Ottawa Canadian English The UK/England London Englishman English Australia Canberra Australian English Japan Tokyo Japanese Japanese France Paris Frenchman French 100.each other 101.have a meeting 102.have something to do 103.There is no difference.104.be friendly to sb
26、 105.have a good time=play happily 106.Lets be good friends.107.No smoking No photos No parking 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 7 页 -108.leave for school=go to school 109.the map of the world 110.How do you like China?=What do you think of China?-Very much 111.What do you like about China?-The people
27、 and the food 112.Do you speak Chinese?-Yes,but only a little 113.the Great Wall 114.follow me 115.family name given name 116.teach me English teach sb to do sth 117.stay here stay at home 118.Here is a postcard from Lily to a friend in the USA 119.five days a week 120.许多many 修饰可数名词，放肯定、问句、否定句Much 修
28、饰可数名词，放肯定、问句、否定句A lot of=lots of 修饰可数与不可数，多用于肯定句中121.go out for a walk go out 122.ask sb to do sth I ask them to have dinner they ask us to go to their homes for dinner.123.write to sb 124.make friends make friends with sb 125.Jim is twelve.=Jim is twelve years old.=Jims age is twelve.=Jim is a twel
29、ve-year-old boy 126.Like 介词，像What is he like?-He is tall-He is like his father=He looks like his father.Throw it like this.Like动 词，喜欢What do you like?I like English.127.a kind of all kinds of different kinds of 128.morning meal=breakfast evening meal=supper 129.Do you like rice?Yes,I do.I like it a
30、little.I like it very much(a lot).No,I dont.I dont like it at all.130.have sth for breakfast eat sth for lunch 131.Why dont you go to the toy shop?=Why not go to the toy shop?132.do the housework 133.make phone calls to sb make a phone call to sb give sb a call give a call to sb call sb telephone sb
31、 134.do some cooking do some washing do some shopping do some cleaning 135.What else can I do?=What other things can I do?136.What does he do?=What is he?=What s his job?What do you do?=What are you?=Whats your job?137.Where does he work?138.I want to be a writer.What do you want to be?139.take turn
32、s Its ones turn to do sth 140.Nice to meet you.=Nice meeting you.141.have a party 142.Chinese medicine 143.in the day 144.make money make much money 145.at weekend on weekdays 146.love to work for sb 147.English books on Chinese medicine about 148.When do you get up?149.Class begins Classes begin.Cl
33、ass is over.150.right now 151.wash one s face 152.get home get to school get to the shop 153.go shopping go swimming go fishing go boating 154.I ride a bike to school.=I go to school on my bike.=I go to school by bike 155.on the playground 156.No news is good news.157.There is a bridge over the rive
34、r.158.in the sky 159.How long does it take you to do your homework?160.too much money too many apples You eat too much.161.Dont you usually come to school by bike?Yes,I do.162.Isnt the sun bigger than the moon?-Yes,it is 163.Walking is good Is listening to music bad?No,it isnt.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理
35、-第 4 页，共 7 页 -164.Its a fine day for walking Its a fine day for a walk.165.The air today is nice and clean.The air today is very clean.166.A is far(away)from B A is 5Km(away)from B far 与具体路程不能同时出现在一个句子当中My home is far away.My home is 5Km from school.How far?How far is your home from school?167.Its a
36、bout 10 minutes by bike.Its about 20 minutes on foot.=Its about 20 minutes walk.168.be late for school/class/work/meeting 169.stay in bed read in bed 170.at the right time 171.with tears in his eyes The teacher comes in with books in his hand.172.buy sth for sb buy sb sth 173.修饰不可数名词修饰可数名词A little 肯
37、定，一点儿A few 肯定，一些Little 否定，几乎没有Few否定，几乎没有174.a kilo of apples two kilos of meat half a kilo of milk175.What things does it sell?176.twenty yuan a bag ten yuan a kilo five yuan a bottle177.How much is the book?How much are the eggs?How much is the meat?178.May I help you?=Can I help you?=What can I do
38、 for you?-Yes,please/No,thanks 179.Heres the money.180.Reading in bed is bad for eyes.181.How much is the pen?=Whats the price of the pen?182.No pains,no gains.183.日常交际用语简表（Daily Expressions in Communication）1.问候Greetings a.Good morning/afternoon/evening.Hello/Hi.How are you?b.Fine,thank you.And you
39、?Very well,thank you.2.介绍Introductions a.This is Mr/Miss/Mrs.b.How do you do?Nice/Glad to see/meet you.c.My name is.Im a student/worker etc.（here）.3.告别Farewells a.I think its time for us to leave now.b.Goodbye!（Bye-bye!Bye!）See you later/tomorrow.（See you.）Good night.4.打电话Making telephone calls a.He
40、llo!May I speak to.?b.Hold on,please.He/She isnt here right now.Can I take a message for you?c.Im calling to tell/ask you.d.Goodbye.5.感谢和应答Thanks and responses a.Thank you（very much）.Thanks a lot.Many thanks.Thanks for.b.Not at all.Thats all right.Youre welcome.6.祝愿、祝贺和应答Wishes,congratulations and r
41、esponses a.Good luck!Best wishes to you.Have a nice/good time.Congratulations!b.Thank you.c.Happy New Year!Merry Christmas!Happy birthday to you.d.The same to you.7.意愿 Intentions Im going to.I will.Id like to.I want/hope to.8.道歉和应答Apologies and responses a.Im sorry.（Sorry.）Im sorry for/about.Excuse
42、me.b.Thats all right.It doesnt matter.Thats nothing.9.遗憾和同情Regrets and sympathy What a pity!Im sorry to hear.10.邀请和应答Invitations and responses a.Will you come to.?Would you like to.?b.Yes,Id love to.Yes,its very kind/nice of you.c.Id love to,but.11.提供（帮助等）和应答Offers and responses a.Can I help you?Wha
43、t can I do for you?Here,take this/my.Let me.for you.Would you like some.?b.Thanks.That would be nice/fine.Thank you for your help.Yes,please.c.No,thanks/thank you.Thats very kind of you,but.12.请求允许和应答Asking for permission and responses a.May I.?Can/Could I.?b.Yes/Certainly.Yes,do please.Of course（yo
44、u may）.Thats OK/all right.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 7 页 -c.Im sorry,but.Youd better not.13.表 示 同 意 和 不 同 意Expressing agreement and disagreement a.Certainly/Sure/Of course.Yes,please.Yes,I think so.Thats true.All right/OK.Thats a good idea.I agree（with you）.b.No,I dont think so.Im afraid not.I r
45、eally cant agree with you.14.表示肯定和不肯定Expressing certainty and uncertainty a.Im sure.Im sure（that）.b.Im not sure.Im not sure whether/if.c.Maybe/Perhaps.15.喜好和厌恶Likes and dislikes a.I like/love.（very much）.I like/love to.b.I dont like（to）.I hate（to）.16.谈论天气Talking about the weather a.Whats the weather
46、 like today?Hows the weather in.?b.Its fine/cloudy/windy/rainy,etc.Its rather warm/cold/hot/etc.today,isnt it?17.购物Shopping a.What can I do for you?May/Can I help you?b.I want/Id like.How much is it?Thats too much/expensive,Im afraid.Thats fine.Ill take it.Let me have.kilo/box,etc.c.How many/much do
47、 you want?What colour/size/kind/do you want?d.Do you have any other kind/size/colour,ect.?18.问路和应答Asking the way and responses a.Excuse me.Wheres the mens/ladies room?Excuse me,can you tell me the way to.?How can I get to.?I dont know the way.b.Go down this street.Turn right/left at the first/second
48、 crossing.Its about.metres from here.19.问 时 间 或 日 期 和 应 答Asking the time or date and responses a.What day is（it）today?Whats the date today?What time is it?Whats the time,please?b.Its Monday/Tuesday,etc.Its January 10th.Its five oclock/half past five/a quarter to five/five thirty,etc.Its time for.20.
49、请求Requests a.Can/Could you.for me?Will/Would you please.?May I have.?b.Please give/pass me.Please wait（here/a moment）.Please wait（for）your turn.Please stand in line/line up.Please hurry.21.劝告和建议Advice and suggestions a.Youd better.You should.You need（to）.b.Shall we.?Lets.What/How about.?22.禁止和警告Proh
50、ibition and warnings a.You cant/mustnt.If you.,youll.b.Take care!Be careful!23.表示感情Expressing certain emotions a.喜悦Pleasure,joy Im glad/pleased/happy to.Thats nice.Thats wonderful/great.b.焦虑Anxiety Whats wrong?Whats the matter（with you）?Im/Hes/Shes worried.Oh,what shall I/we do?c.惊奇Surprise Really?O