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1、1物 流 英 语（05362）第一单元-物流概论（General introduction to logistics)一、试题第一部分：词汇与语法（单项选择）1、Do you hear that logistics has become a hot career?It sounds too good to be true.（4 星）你听说物流已成为一个热门的职业吗?这听起来好得令人难以置信。2、The aim of inventory management is to minimize the amount of material in stock.(4星）库存管理的目的是最小化库存材料的数量
2、。3、If the ship had sailed along the recommended route,it would have been able to avoid the heavy weather.(6 星）如果船航行在推荐的路线,就能够避免恶劣天气。4、Managers mst establish and implement inventory plan on the basis of strategic considerations.(3星）管理者必须在战略考虑的基础上建立和实施库存计划。5、Don t forget to refer to the book ERP in th
3、e process of planning resources in your enterprise.(2星）不要忘了在你的企业规划资源的过程中，参考ERP。6、The supermarket group has to purchase 400 TEU of cargo from China every year.(4 星）连锁超市每年从中国购买400 标箱货物。7、Most experts agree that the annual expenditure to perform logistics in the US was just under 10%of the 1994 gross n
4、ational product.(2星）大多数专家认为，在美国物流运营每年的支出是1994 年国民生产总值的10以下。8、The storage expenses will be for your account if you place an order of 100000 tons of roll steel at a time.My workshop use only ten tons a month.(4 星）如果你同一时间放置10 万吨订购的轧辊钢，你需要从你的帐户支付存储费用。我的车间一个月只使用十吨。9、The sites of warehouse are determined
5、by customer and manufacturing locations and product requirements.(5星）仓库的地点由客户和生产地点以及产品要求确定。二、重点单词（中英互译或选择）：Logistics 物流warehouse 仓储 inventory 库存 procurement 获得，获取packaging 包装inbound 往内地的，归航outbound 开往外地的handling 搬运，装卸coordination 协调strategic 战略上的planning 设计，计划material handling 材料搬运transport 运输 forec
6、asting 预测 strategic planning 战略规划purchasing 采购handle 运用，搬运material handling材料搬运 customer service 客户服务Warehousing 仓储Coordinate 合作，协作advent 到来 process 过程requirment 要求Average 平均的，平常的route 路线wholesaler 批发商facility设备，工具potentiality 潜力Distribution 配送三、英译汉1.it is recognizded in industrialied countries that
7、 logistics is now the last frontier for increasing benefits in industrial production.在工业化国家里，物流是工业生产中增加利润的最后一关，这一点已有共识。2.The overall goal of logistics is to achieve a targeted level of customer service at the lowest possible total cost.物流的整体目标是以最低的成本取得预期的顾客服务水平。3.The distribution or market channel i
8、s perhaps the least understood business area.配送渠道或市场渠道也许是人们知道得最少的商业领域。4、Logistics is a unique global”pipeline”that operates 24 hours a day,seven days a week and 52 weeks a year,planning and coordinating the transport and delivery of products and service to custmers the world over.物流作为一种独特的全球“运输管道”，一
9、天 24 小时，一周 7 天，一年 52 周不间断的运营着，计划和协调全球产品和服务的运输和交付。5、However,when is comes to modern logistics,most professionals in the business consider it one of the most challenging and exciting jobs,invisible as it is.但是，说到现代物流，业内专业人士认为，尽管看不见摸不着，但却是最富有挑战性和最激动人心的工作。6、Logistics is that part of the supply chain pro
10、cess that plans,implements and controls the efficient,effective flow and storage of goods,service and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption to meet custom ers requirements.物流是供应链的一部分，计划、执行和控制产品、服务及相关信息从原产地到消费地的及时有效流动和存储以满足客户要求。7、The audience wer confident that they
11、 would be able to herald the new economic growth if they could make headway in 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 17 页 -2logistics.听众们坚信，如果他们能够在物流上取得进展他们就能促进经济的新增长。8、It is through the logistical process that materials flow into the vast manufacturing capacity of an industrial nation and products are dis
12、tributed through marketing channels to consumers.正是通过物流过程原材料才得以流入工业国家巨大的制造机器中，产品才得以通过市场这个渠道流向顾客。9、Logistics is complex,in China alone,the market structure involves more than 20 million retailing networks and more than 2 million wholesalers networks.物流复杂极了，仅在中国的市场上就有2000 多万个零售网点和200 多万个批发网点。10、One ex
13、pert holds the view that logistics is an iceberg,only the top of which is see.what is unseen is much bigger.有一位专家认为，物流是一座冰山，人们只看到了冰山的水面上那部分，水下未见的那部分更大。11、In the beginning，companies that could afford inventory were able to satisfy customer demand.在早期，有库存能力的公司能够满足顾客的要求。12、Quite a number of companies a
14、chieved success by creating value throughout domestic and global supply chains.相当多的公司通过遍及国内和全世界的供应链创造价值而获得成功.四、汉译英1.物流管理的基本概念适用于所有私营企业和公用企业。（concepts）The basic(基本)concepts（概念）of logistics management are applicable（适用）throughout private（私营）and public（公用）enterprise（企业）activities。2.物流对国内经济和全球经济有巨大影响。（i
15、mpact影响）Logistics has huge（巨大）impact on domestic（国内）and global economy（全球经济）.3.物流对经济发展起了很大的推动作用。（promote)Logistics plays a very important(很大)role in promoting（推动）economic development（发展）.4.物流已经变成一种职业，注重战略思维，分析技术和采用技术型工具(value).Logistics has become a profession（职业）that values(注重)strategic thinking（战略
16、思维）,analytical（分析）skills（技能，技术）,and the use of technology-based tools（采用技术型工具）.5.现在从事物流行业的收于高于平均数(average).Nowadays（现在）people in logistics business（行业）have an income（收入）higher than the average.6.国际红十字会的工作就像一个活动的仓库（mobile 活动，移动）The International Red Cross operates（工作）like a mobile（活动）warehouse.7.在佐治亚
17、洲（Georgia）的亚特兰大（Atlanta）举行的夏季奥运会上，物流的费用为2500 多万美元(logistics)More than USD 25 million（百万）was spent（花费）on logistics for the Summer Olympics in Atlanta,Georgia.8.外国公司出现将有助于物流在中国的发展(contribute).The appearance(出现)of foreign（国外）companies will contributes（有助于）to the development of logistics in china.9.我喜欢对
18、问题进行详细的分析(analysis).I like to carry out detailed（详细）analysis（分析）of a problem（问题）.10.为了保证物流的及时性，就要求一定的库存存在(inventory)。To ensure（保证）the timeliness（及时性）of logistics,it is important（要求）to keep（保持）a certain（一定）level（水平）of inventory.11.仓储可以作为上游物流和下游物流运输服务的补偿。（complement）Warehousing is sometimes needed,and
19、 can be provided,to complement inbound and outbound transportation services.五、英语简答1、How many sectors of economic activities are involved in logistics?What are they?有多少部门经济活动参与物流?他们是什么?Generally there are eight economic sectors involved in logistics.They are packaging,warehousing,material handling,in
20、ventory,transport,forecasting,strategic planning and customer service.第二单元-一个重要因素（An important factor)一、词汇与语法（单项选择题）1、It is through the logistical process that products are distributed through marketing channels to consumers.(5星）通过物流过程，产品得以经过营销渠道分发给消费者。2、The big city has a multi-cultural population
21、with a growing industrial base.(3星）大城市拥有一个不断增长的工业基础的多元文化人口。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 17 页 -33、The classification of products is necessary for the application of selective inventory.(5星）产品的分类是必要的选择性的库存中的应用。4、Generally speaking,bread(cigarettes)can be found in a bakery(tobacconist s)shop.（4 星）一般来
22、说,面包(香烟)可以在一个面包店（烟草商）的商店找到。5、As is known to all,the GDP will rise as logistics cost in reduced.（1 星）众所周知，随着物流成本的降低，国内生产总值将上升。6、Logistics was formerly called physical distribution.(3星）物流以前被称为物品配送。7、One of the key point in distribution of product is whether it is available where the customer wishes to
23、 consume it.(3星）产品配送中的一个关键点是客户希望消费的地方它是否可用。8、We must distribute the products to as many places as possible so that our customers find it convinient（方便的）to get them.(2 星）我们必须将产品配送到尽可能多的地方让我们的客户发现它感到方便。9、For analytical purposes,it is useful to describe the 80-20 curve mathematically.(2星）为了方便分析，它用数学方法描
24、述80-20 曲线非常有用。10、Item would have a intermediate distribution strategy where few regional warehouses are used.(4星）一些商品将有一个中间的分销策略，很少使用区域仓库。二、重点单词（中英互译或选择）strategy 策略，战略physical 物理availability 可利用的ultimate 最后，最终outlet 出口，出路accessibility 易接近，可到达furnishing 设备，陈设品brand 商标，牌子offer 提供pattern 模式patronage 赞助
25、 deliberation 熟思，商议acknowledge 承认，了解preference 优先选择specialty products特殊产品shopping products 购买型产品Spectification 说明书，产品说明，规格说明convenience products 便利型产品consumer products消费类产品universally 普通的custom-made 定做的，定制的三、英译汉1、An important(重要)characteristic（特征）of any product（产品）is it availability at the place whe
26、re a customer wishes（希望）to consume it。任何产品的一个重要特征就是在顾客需要它时能买到它。2、Consumer（消费者）products（产品）are those（那些）that are directed(直接)to ultimate（终端）consumers 消费类产品是指直接面对终端消费者的产品。3、Convenience（便利型）products are those goods and services that consumers purchase（采购）frequently(经常),immediately（及时）,and with little c
27、omparative shopping（货比三家）.Typical（典型）products are banking（银行）services,tobacco items（烟草产品）,and many foodstuffs（食物）.便利型产品是指消费者需要经常、及时购买并且不十分需要比较差价的产品和服务。银行业务、烟草产品和许多食物都是典型的便利型产品。4、Shopping products are those for which consumers are willing（愿意）to seek（寻找）and compare（比较）:comparing in many locations（地点）t
28、he price（价格）,quality（质量）,and performance（性能）,and making a purchase（采购）only after careful（谨慎）deliberation（深思熟虑）。购买型产品是消费者愿意到处寻寻觅觅比较价格、质量和性能，三思之后才作出购买决定的产品。5、Specialty（特殊）products are those for which buyers（买家）are willing to expend（花费）a substantial（大量）effort and often to wait a significant amount of t
29、ime in order to acquire（获得）them。特殊产品是指买家愿意花费大量精力并为了获得它们可以忍受长的等待时间的产品。6、In customer（顾客）service performance（绩效）,availability（可用性）means（方法）providing（提供）a product（产品）or material（原料）on a predictable（预测）basis（基础）.在客户服务绩效方面，可用性就是在预测的基础上提供产品和原料。7、Availability（可用性）depends（取决于）on keeping a safe stock（安全库存）and
30、 how fast the stock is filled up(填满)according to（根据）orders（订单）。可用性取决于安全库存以及根据订单填满库存有多快。8、Performance is the ability（能力）to achieve（达到）a predetermined(预期)speed（速度）,consistency(一致性)and flexibility（灵活性）in delivery（交付）.绩效是交付货物时达到预期的速度，取得一致性和灵活性的能力。9、The development（开发）and maintenance(维持)of quality（质量）per
31、formance are based（基础）on continuous（连续）measurement（衡量）of logistical operations（物流作业）.质量绩效的开发和维持是以对物流作业持续不断的衡量为基础的。10、Logistics in industrialized（工业化）countries is now the last（最后）frontier（空间）for increasing（增加）benefits（利润）inindustrial production（工业生产）.工业化国家的物流是增加工业生产利润的最后空间。11、It is important(重要)to fu
32、lly(完整)understand（理解）customer（顾客）service deliverables（交付）when establishing（确名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 17 页 -4定）logistical strategy.在确定物流策略时，完整理解客户服务的可交付性是重要的。12、Basic（基本）customer service is defined(衡量)in terms of availability,performance and reliability（可靠性）.基本的客户服务是从可得性、绩效性和可靠性三方面来衡量的。13、Littl
33、e else（其他）is significant（重要）if（如果）the customer s expectations（期望）are not fully met(没有完全实现).如果客户的期望值没有完全实现，其他任何东西就都不重要了。14、Logistical performance should（应该）be modified（调整）over time（随时）to accommodate（以适应）changing（不断变化）marketing requirements.物流绩效应随时调整以适应不断变化的市场需求。15、A fundamental（基本）quality（质量）issue（问题
34、）in logistics is the ability（能够）to comply（遵守）to levels(水平)of planned inventory availability and operational（操作）performance.物流中的基本质量问题就是能够遵守计划库存可得性的水平和操作绩效。四、汉译英1、在今天的工业社会里，物流扮演的角色越来越重要，这已有共识。（acknowledge-承认）In today s industrial(工业)society（社会）,it is a universally acknowledge fact（已是公认的事识）that logist
35、ics is playing a more and more（越来越）important role（角色）.2、实现顾客的期望值是成功物流的一个核心战略。（strategy）Realization(实现)of customer s expectation（顾客期望值）is a core strategy（核心战略）of successful logistics.（成功物流）。3、实现物流高效率离不开实物运输工具在技术上的不断改进。（physical 物事，实物）Achievement（实现）of logistics high efficiency（高效）cant be realized wit
36、hout physical vehicles continuous（不断）improvement in technology（技术改进）。4、物流的最终质量要求就是把每件事都做对并在第一时间做对。（ultimate-最终）The ultimate(最终)in logistics quality（质量）is to do everything right and do it right the first time。5、食物是典型的方便性消费品（typical）。Foodstuffs(食物)are typical（典型）convenience（便利型）products（产品）。6、汽车，房子是人们
37、要经过深思熟虑后才能购买的产品（deliberation-深思熟虑）。Automobiles(汽车)and houses are products that people can buy（购买）after（后）careful（谨慎，小心）deliberation.（深思熟虑）7、因为市场的不断开拓，公司今年年底的效益一定非常可观。（substantial-可观）By the end of this year，(今年年底)the companys（公司）profits（利润，效益）must be very substantial with increasing（增加）market expansi
38、on（扩张，开拓）。8、许多公司都在努力创造自己的特色品牌以引导消费者偏好。（preference-偏好）Many firms(公司)are trying（努力）to create（创造）their（自己）unique（独特）brand（品牌）in order to guide（以引导）customers preference.9、产品可以分为工业用品和消费用品两种（category-类别）Products can be divided(分)into two categories：（两类）industrial products and consumer products。10、有效的产品配送模
39、式能够给整个物流过程节省大量时间（pattern-模式）Effective(有效)products distribution（配送）patterns can save（节省）agreat deal（大量）of time for the whole logistics process。五、英语简答1、What are consumer products?Consumer products are theose that are directed to ultimate cosumers.(2分)According to the three different ways in which cons
40、umers select goods and services and where they buy them,consumer products can be put into three categories:convenience products,shopping products and specialty products.2、What is the 80-20 curve in logistics planning?This concept is derived from the fact that the bulk of the sales are generated from
41、 relatively few products in the product line.This simply means 80 percent of a firms sales are generated by 20 percent of the product line items.An exact 80-20 ratio is rarely observed,but the disproportionality between sales and the number of items is generally true.第三单元-运输（transportation)一、词汇与语法（单
42、项选择）1、We ve studied all our competitors catalogs.(5 星）我们已经研究了所有竞争对手的产品目录。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 17 页 -52、Jim is president of a medium-sizing firm that makes mini-motor homes in Michigan.(4星）吉姆是一家中等规模的公司的总裁，他的公司在密歇根制造微型汽车。3、This is called the tapering principle.(1星）这就是所谓的逐渐减少的原则。4、There is,ho
43、wever,a well-defined order in which the components can be installed in the vehicle most efficiently.(3星）。然而,一个组件按明确规定的顺序就可以最有效的安装在车辆上。5、Recently,it has become clear to Jim that transportation and inventory costs are a relatively large portion of his component parts expenses.(1星）最近，吉姆已经明确表示，运输和库存成本是他
44、的构成成本中一个相对较大的一部分。6、He had been hearing about“just-in-time”systems.(1星）他已经听说了关于准时制系统。7、The firm has expanded from a local one to a national one.(2星）这家公司从一个地方扩充到了全国。8、Excuse me,but I don t quite follow you.I m confused.(2星）对不起,但我不十分明白你的意思。我困惑。9、Overhead and inventory carrying costs are always present
45、but may be allocated in a variety of ways.(2星）管理费用和库存的成本总是存在的，但可以以多种方式分配。10、Virtually the entire product is assembled from components purchased from outside vendors.(6星）几乎整个产品组装的组件都是从外部供应商购买。二、重点单词zero inventory零库存 containerterminal/terminal 集装箱码头，(航空或汽车运输)站点 broker-经纪人 replace-取代，替换JIT(just-in-time
46、)准时制 Transportation Rate(s)运费费率forwarding agency 货运代理公司Performance 性能，绩效movement 运动 cost 成本 freightforwarder-货运代理人International trade 国际贸易variable costs 可变成本container terminal集装箱码头Transportation-运输 available-可利用的 component-部分，配件 performance-履行distinguish-区别rate-比率primarily-主要的 competition-竞争 carrier
47、 船，承运人middleman-中间人 delivery-交付 fund-基金 assembly-装配 volatile-可变的 shipper 托运人，发货人pricing 定价 local service 本地服务三、英 译汉1、Fortunately(幸好),there exist(存在)middlemen(中间商),agents(代理商),freight forwarders(货代),and brokers(经纪人)to assist(帮助)the shipper(托运人)with international movement(国际贸易往来)。幸运的是,有许多中间商,代理商,货代和经纪
48、人帮助托运人进行国际贸易往来.2、Fortunately,there exist agents,freight forwarders,brokers and so on to assist the shipper with international movement。幸运的是,存在代理、货运代理、经纪人等帮助托运人进行国际贸易往来。3、The cost characteristics(特点)vary from one mode to another and determine(决定)their rate structures(费率结构).几个模式的成本的特点各有千秋,决定了费率结构有所不同.
49、4、The choices(选择)available（可用的）to the users(用户)typically(通常)include(包括)the five major(主要)transport modes(模式)(air,truck,rail,water,and pipe)and their combinations(组合).用户一般可以选择五大运输模式(飞机,汽车,铁路,水路和管道运输),也可以互相结合运用.5、Transport may(可能)account（占）for one-third to two thirds of total（整个）logistics costs（成本）.交通
50、运输可能占整个物流成本的1/3 到2/3.6、On the other hand(另一方面),carrier performance(船舶绩效)is based(根据)on the extent（程度）of shipment(装船)handing at terminals and inherent speed of the carrier(船本身的速度).另一方面,船舶绩效取决于码头上的装卸能力以及船本身的速度.7、The transportation equipment(设备)is the same(一样)as that used(所用)domestically(国内),with the e